La fisiopatologjie de malatie di Alzheimer (MA) e je un procès complès che al cjape dentri la acumulazion di proteinis anormachis, la infiammazion e la disfunzion neuronâl.
I doi segns principâi dal DA a son la presince di plachis di beta-amiloide (Aβ) e gropis neurofibrilaris (NFTs) tal cerviel.
Lis plachis di beta-amiloide a si formin cuant che i framents de proteine precursore de amiloide (APP) a son taiâts dai enzimis par formâ peptidis Aβ.
Chescj peptidis a si agregin e a formin fibris insolubilis che si ingrumin fûr dai neurons, interuzion de comunicazion celule-celule e puartant ae muart dai neurons.
L'acumulament des plachis di Aβ al è considerât un dai prins events intal svilup de malatie di Alzheimer, e al è considerât un fatôr che al contribuìs al procès neurodegeneratîf.
I gropis neurofibrilaris a si formin cuant che la proteine tau e devente iperfosforilade e e forme filaments anormai dentri dai neurons.
Chescj gropaments a interuchin il funzionament dai microtubules, che a son essenziâi pal traspuart di nudriments e altris materiâi dentri dal neuron.
I gropaments a puartin ae muart dai neurons interessâts.
L'infiammazion e à ancje un rûl inte fisiopatologjie de malatie di Alzheimer.
Il sisteme imunitari al rispuint al cumulament des plachis Aβ e NFT molant fûr citochinis pro-infiammatoriis, che a puedin esacerbâ il dam ai neurons.
Cun di plui, a son evidencis che il stress ossidâtîf, la disfunzion mitocondriâl, e il metabolisim dal glucosi compromès a contribuissin ae patofisiologjie de AD.
Chescj fatôrs a puedin puartâ ae disfunzion neuronâl e ae muart, aggravant ancjemò di plui il procès de malatie.
In gjenerâl, la fisiopatologjie de malatie e je une interazion complesse di fatôrs che a puartin al declin progresîf des funzions cognitivis e ae pierdite de memorie che a caraterizin la malatie.
Nemeroff CB: The preeminent role of neuropeptide systems in the early pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease: up with corticotropin-releasing factor, down with acetylcholine. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999, 56 (11): 991-2.
Proft J, Weiss N: Jekyll and Hide: The two faces of amyloid β. Commun Integr Biol. 2012, 5 (5): 405-7.
Whitehouse PJ, Hedreen JC, White CL, Price DL: Basal forebrain neurons in the dementia of Parkinson disease. Ann Neurol. 1983, 13 (3): 243-8.
Casadesus G, Moreira PI, Nunomura A, Siedlak SL, Bligh-Glover W, Balraj E, Petot G, Smith MA, Perry G: Indices of metabolic dysfunction and oxidative stress. Neurochem Res. , 32 (4-5): 717-22.
Candore G, Bulati M, Caruso C, Castiglia L, Colonna-Romano G, Di Bona D, Duro G, Lio D, Matranga D, Pellicanò M, Rizzo C, Scapagnini G, Vasto S: Inflammation, cytokines, immune response, apolipoprotein E, cholesterol, and oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease: therapeutic implications. Rejuvenation Res. , 13 (2-3): 301-13.
Schindler SE, McConathy J, Ances BM, Diamond MI: Advances in diagnostic testing for Alzheimer disease. Mo Med. , 110 (5): 401-5.
Singh VK: Immune-activation model in Alzheimer disease. Mol Chem Neuropathol. , 28 (1-3): 105-11.
['Disclaimer: medicâl']
['Chest sît web al è furnît dome par fins educatîfs e informatîfs e nol è une consulence o un servizi professionâl.']
['Lis informazions furnidis no àn di jessi dopradis par diagnosticâ o curâ un probleme di salût o une malatie, e chei che a vuelin une consulence mediche personâl a àn di consultâ un miedi autorizât.']
['Par plasê note che la rêt neuronâl che a gjenere lis rispuestis aes domandis, e je imprecise soredut cuant a si trate di contignûts numerics.']
['Cîr simpri la consulence dal to miedi o di un altri professionist in materie di salût a rivuart di une malatie. No sta mai dismenteâ la consulence di un miedi professionist o intardâti a cirîle par vie di alc che tu âs let su chest sît. Se tu pensis di vê une emergjence mediche, clame il 911 o va tal pronto socorso plui dongje.']
['Disclaimer: copyright']
['Il Digital Millennium Copyright Act dal 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (il DMCA) al proviôt un ricors pai proprietaris di copyright che a crodin che il materiâl che al comparìs su Internet al violi i lôr dirits sot la leç sul copyright dai Stâts Unîts. ']
['Se tu crodis in buine fede che cualsisei contignût o materiâl disponibil in conession cul nestri sît o i nestris servizis al violi il tô copyright, tu (o il to agjent) tu puedis mandânus une notifiche domandant la rimozion dal contignût o dal materiâl, o il bloc dal acès. ']
['I avîs a àn di jessi mandâts par scrit vie e-mail (cjale la sezion "Contat" par vê l\'indiriç e-mail). ']
['La DMCA e domande che la tô notifiche di violazion dal copyright e vedi dentri chestis informazions: (1) descrizion dal lavôr protet dal copyright che al è ogjet de violazion rivendicade; (2) descrizion dal presunt contignût che al è une violazion e informazions suficientis par permeti di cjatâ il contignût; (3) informazions di contat, includût la tô direzion, numar di telefon e pueste eletroniche; (4) une declarazion di buine fede che il contignût al no è autorizât dal proprietari dal copyright, o dal so agjent, o par vie di une leç; ']
['5) une declarazion di bande tô, firmade sot pena di falsetât, che lis informazions inte notifiche a son veris e che tu âs la autoritât par fâ valê i dirits di autôr che a son stâts violats;']
['e (6) une firme fisiche o eletroniche dal titulâr dal copyright o di une persone autorizade a agjî par cont dal titulâr. ']
['Se no tu âs dutis lis informazions parsore, al podarès intardâ il tratament dal to reclam.']
['Contatât']
['Par plasê mandinus une e-mail cun ogni domande / sugjeriment.']
What is pathophysiology of alzheimer?
The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex process that involves the accumulation of abnormal proteins, inflammation, and neuronal dysfunction.
The two main hallmarks of AD are the presence of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain.
Amyloid-beta plaques are formed when fragments of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) are cleaved by enzymes to form Aβ peptides.
These peptides aggregate and form insoluble fibrils that accumulate outside neurons, disrupting cell-to-cell communication and leading to neuronal death.
The accumulation of Aβ plaques is thought to be one of the earliest events in the development of AD, and it is believed to contribute to the neurodegenerative process.
Neurofibrillary tangles are formed when the protein tau becomes hyperphosphorylated and forms abnormal filaments inside neurons.
These tangles disrupt the normal functioning of the microtubules, which are essential for the transport of nutrients and other materials within the neuron.
The tangles eventually lead to the death of the affected neurons.
Inflammation also plays a role in the pathophysiology of AD.
The immune system responds to the accumulation of Aβ plaques and NFTs by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can exacerbate the damage to neurons.
Additionally, there is evidence that oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired glucose metabolism contribute to the pathophysiology of AD.
These factors can lead to neuronal dysfunction and death, further exacerbating the disease process.
Overall, the pathophysiology of AD is a complex interplay of multiple factors that ultimately lead to the progressive decline in cognitive function and memory loss that characterizes the disease.
Disclaimer: medical
This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.
The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.
Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. No physician-patient relationship is created by this web site or its use. Neither BioMedLib nor its employees, nor any contributor to this web site, makes any representations, express or implied, with respect to the information provided herein or to its use.
Disclaimer: copyright
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the “DMCA”) provides recourse for copyright owners who believe that material appearing on the Internet infringes their rights under U.S. copyright law. If you believe in good faith that any content or material made available in connection with our website or services infringes your copyright, you (or your agent) may send us a notice requesting that the content or material be removed, or access to it blocked. Notices must be sent in writing by email (see 'Contact' section for email address) . The DMCA requires that your notice of alleged copyright infringement include the following information: (1) description of the copyrighted work that is the subject of claimed infringement; (2) description of the alleged infringing content and information sufficient to permit us to locate the content; (3) contact information for you, including your address, telephone number and email address; (4) a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the content in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, or its agent, or by the operation of any law; (5) a statement by you, signed under penalty of perjury, that the information in the notification is accurate and that you have the authority to enforce the copyrights that are claimed to be infringed; and (6) a physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf. Failure to include all of the above information may result in the delay of the processing of your complaint.
['A rivuart']
['BioMedLib al dopre ordenadôrs automatics (algoritmi di aprendiment de machine) par gjenerâ cubiis di domandis e rispuestis.']
['Si scomence cun 35 milions di publicazions biomedichis di PubMed/Medline. e ancje lis pagjinis web di RefinedWeb.']
