How is Urticaria diagnosed?

Cén chaoi a ndéantar diagnóis a dhéanamh ar urticaria?

Is riocht craiceann é urticaria, ar a dtugtar hives freisin, a bhfuil cuma dearg, itchy, agus welts swollen ar an gcraiceann ann.

D'fhéadfadh fachtóirí éagsúla a bheith ina chúis leis, lena n-áirítear frithghníomhartha ailléirgeacha, ionfhabhtuithe, agus cógais áirithe.

Baineann diagnóis urticaria le meascán de stair leighis, scrúdú fisiciúil, agus uaireanta tástálacha saotharlainne.

1. Stair Leighis: Iarrfaidh an dochtúir ar stair leighis an othair, lena n-áirítear aon ailléirgí ar a dtugtar, galair le déanaí, agus cógais a glacadh.

Beidh siad ag fiafraí freisin faoi thús na hairíonna, a gcuid fad, agus aon triggers féideartha.

2. Scrúdú fisiciúil: Déanfaidh an dochtúir scrúdú ar an gcraiceann chun féachaint an bhfuil welts ann, a mhéid, agus a scaipeadh.

D'fhéadfadh siad seiceáil a dhéanamh freisin ar chomharthaí eile de imoibriú ailléirgeach, mar shampla swelling ar an aghaidh, liopaí, nó teanga.

3. tástálacha saotharlainne: I gcásanna áirithe, d'fhéadfadh an dochtúir tástálacha fola a ordú chun allergies nó ionfhabhtuithe a sheiceáil.

D'fhéadfaí tástálacha craiceann, mar shampla tástáil prick craiceann nó tástáil patch, a dhéanamh freisin chun ailléirgí sonracha a shainaithint.

4. tástálacha ailléirge: Má amhrasann an dochtúir imoibriú ailléirgeach, d'fhéadfadh siad an t-othar a tharchur chuig ailléirgeoir chun tuilleadh tástála a dhéanamh air.

D'fhéadfadh sé seo a bheith i gceist le tástálacha prick craiceann, tástálacha patch, nó tástálacha fola chun ailléirgí ar leith a aithint.

5. Diagnóis dhifriúil: Cuirfidh an dochtúir san áireamh freisin cúiseanna féideartha eile na hairíonna, mar shampla coinníollacha craiceann eile nó coinníollacha leighis bunúsacha, agus d'fhéadfadh sé tástálacha breise a ordú chun iad seo a sheachaint.

6. tástálacha spreagtha: I gcásanna urticaria fisiciúil, nuair a dhéantar na hives a spreagadh ag spreagtha fisiciúil mar teas, fuar, nó brú, d'fhéadfadh an dochtúir tástáil spreagtha a dhéanamh chun an diagnóis a dhearbhú.

Baineann sé seo leis an gcraiceann a nochtadh don spreagadh amhrasach chun a fheiceáil an dtarlaíonn imoibriú.

7. tástálacha autoimmune: I gcásanna urticaria ainsealach, d'fhéadfadh an dochtúir tástálacha a ordú chun neamhoird autoimmune a sheiceáil, ós rud é gur féidir leo an riocht a chur faoi deara uaireanta.

8. tástálacha íomháithe: I gcásanna neamhchoitianta, d'fhéadfaí tástálacha íomháithe mar X-ray nó scanadh CT a ordú chun coinníollacha eile a d'fhéadfadh comharthaí den chineál céanna a eisiamh.

Go ginearálta, baineann diagnóis urticaria le meascán de stair leighis, scrúdú fisiciúil, agus uaireanta tástálacha saotharlainne.

Is é an sprioc an chúis bhunúsacha a shainaithint agus an cúrsa cóireála is fearr don othar a chinneadh.

Tagairtí

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .

Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.

Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .

Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.

Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.

Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.

Diúltú freagrachta: leighis

Cuirtear an suíomh gréasáin seo ar fáil chun críocha oideachais agus faisnéise amháin agus ní sholáthraíonn sé comhairle leighis nó seirbhísí gairmiúla.

Níor cheart an t-eolas a chuirtear ar fáil a úsáid chun fadhb sláinte nó galar a dhiagnóisiú nó a chóireáil, agus ba cheart dóibh siúd atá ag lorg comhairle leighis phearsanta dul i gcomhairle le dochtúir ceadúnaithe.

Tabhair faoi deara le do thoil go bhfuil an líonra néarónach a ghineann freagraí ar na ceisteanna, míchruinn go háirithe nuair a bhaineann sé le hábhar uimhriúil. Mar shampla, líon na ndaoine a ndearnadh diagnóis orthu le galar ar leith.

Déan comhairle do dhochtúir nó do sholáthraí sláinte cáilithe eile i gcónaí maidir le riocht leighis. Ná déan neamhaird ar chomhairle leighis ghairmiúil ná déileáil leis mar gheall ar rud éigin a léigh tú ar an suíomh Gréasáin seo. Má cheapann tú go bhféadfadh éigeandáil leighis a bheith agat, glaoigh ar 911 nó téigh go dtí an seomra éigeandála is gaire láithreach. Ní chruthaíonn an suíomh Gréasáin seo ná a úsáid aon chaidreamh dochtúir-othar. Ní dhéanann BioMedLib ná a chuid fostaithe, ná aon ranníocóir leis an suíomh Gréasáin seo aon ionadaíochtaí, sainráite nó intuigthe, maidir leis an bhfaisnéis a sholáthraítear anseo ná a úsáid.

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Cumarsáid

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How is urticaria diagnosed?

Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.

It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.

Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.

1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.

They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.

2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.

They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.

3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.

Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.

4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.

This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.

5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.

6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.

This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.

7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.

8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.

Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.

The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.

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