Is neamhoird néareodegenerative forásach é galar Alzheimer a théann i bhfeidhm go príomha ar an inchinn, ag cur caillteanas cuimhne, titim cognaíoch, agus athruithe iompraíochta.
Ní thuigtear cúis chruinn ghalair Alzheimer go hiomlán, ach creidtear go bhfuil sé mar thoradh ar chomhcheangal de fhachtóirí géiniteacha, comhshaoil, agus stíl mhaireachtála.
I measc cuid de na fachtóirí a d'fhéadfadh cur le forbairt galar Alzheimer tá:
1. Genetics: Aithníodh géin áirithe a mhéadaíonn an baol de galar Alzheimer a fhorbairt, go háirithe an géin apolipoprotein E (APOE).
2. Aois: Méadaíonn an baol go dtarlóidh galar Alzheimer le haois, agus déantar an chuid is mó de na daoine a dhiagnóisiú tar éis 65 bliain d'aois.
3. Stair theaghlaigh: D'fhéadfadh sé go méadófaí an baol go dtéann galar Alzheimer chun cinn i dteaghlach.
4. Gortú ceann: D'fhéadfadh riosca ghalair Alzheimer a mhéadú má bhí gortú ceann ann roimhe seo, go háirithe iad siúd a d'fhág gur chaill siad feasacht.
5. Fachtóirí riosca cardashoithíoch: D'fhéadfadh coinníollacha cosúil le brú fola ard, colaistéaról ard, agus diaibéiteas an baol a mhéadú go bhforbrófar galar Alzheimer.
6. Fachtóirí stíl mhaireachtála: D'fhéadfadh stíl mhaireachtála sedentary, droch-aiste bia, agus easpa spreagtha meabhrach an baol galar Alzheimer a mhéadú.
7. Inflammation: D'fhéadfadh athlasadh ainsealach sa inchinn rannchuidiú le forbairt galar Alzheimer.
8. Strus ocsaídiúil: D'fhéadfadh míchothromaíocht idir táirgeadh radacail saor in aisce agus cumas an chomhlachta iad a dhíthoicseáil a bheith rannpháirteach i bhforbairt galar Alzheimer.
9. Placaí amyloid agus tangles neurofibrillary: Is saintréith de ghalar Alzheimer é carnadh placaí amyloid agus tangles neurofibrillary sa inchinn, ach ní thuigtear go hiomlán an ról a imríonn siad i bhforbairt an choinníoll.
Tá sé tábhachtach a thabhairt faoi deara go bhfuil cúis galar Alzheimer casta agus is dócha go mbaineann sé le meascán de na fachtóirí seo.
Tá taighde ar siúl chun tuiscint níos fearr a fháil ar na meicníochtaí bunúsacha agus cóireálacha éifeachtacha a fhorbairt don riocht tubaisteach seo.
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Braak E, Griffing K, Arai K, Bohl J, Bratzke H, Braak H: Neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease: what is new since A. Alzheimer? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1999, 249 Suppl 3 (): 14-22.
Kovacs GG: Can Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease unravel the mysteries of Alzheimer? Prion. 2016, 10 (5): 369-376.
Cankurtaran M, Yavuz BB, Cankurtaran ES, Halil M, Ulger Z, Ariogul S: Risk factors and type of dementia: vascular or Alzheimer? Arch Gerontol Geriatr. , 47 (1): 25-34.
Mahami-Oskouei M, Hamidi F, Talebi M, Farhoudi M, Taheraghdam AA, Kazemi T, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Fallah E: Toxoplasmosis and Alzheimer: can Toxoplasma gondii really be introduced as a risk factor in etiology of Alzheimer? Parasitol Res. 2016, 115 (8): 3169-74.
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What causes alzheimer?
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the brain, causing memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes.
The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
Some of the factors that may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease include:
1. Genetics: Certain genes have been identified that increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, particularly the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene.
2. Age: The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease increases with age, with most people being diagnosed after the age of 65.
3. Family history: Having a family history of Alzheimer's disease may increase the risk of developing the condition.
4. Head injuries: A history of head injuries, particularly those that result in loss of consciousness, may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
5. Cardiovascular risk factors: Conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
6. Lifestyle factors: A sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, and lack of mental stimulation may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
7. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the brain may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
8. Oxidative stress: An imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's ability to detoxify them may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
9. Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles: The accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, but the role they play in the development of the condition is not fully understood.
It is important to note that the cause of Alzheimer's disease is complex and likely involves a combination of these factors.
Research is ongoing to better understand the underlying mechanisms and develop effective treatments for this devastating condition.
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