Urticaria, wanda kuma aka sani da ƙaiƙayi, yanayin fata ne wanda ke nuna bayyanar ja, itchy, da kumburi a fata.
Abubuwa da dama na iya haifar da shi, ciki har da rashin lafiyar jiki, kamuwa da cuta, da wasu magunguna.
Gano cutar urticaria ya ƙunshi haɗuwa da tarihin likita, gwajin jiki, da kuma wasu lokuta gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje.
1. Tarihin lafiya: Likitan zai yi tambaya game da tarihin lafiyar mai haƙuri, gami da duk wani rashin lafiyar da aka sani, cututtukan kwanan nan, da magungunan da aka sha.
Za su kuma yi tambaya game da lokacin da ka soma jin ciwon, tsawon lokacin da ka yi kana jin ciwon da kuma abubuwan da suke jawo ciwon.
Binciken jiki: Likitan zai bincika fata don kasancewar welts, girmansu, da rarraba su.
3. Gwajin gwaji: A wasu lokatai, likita zai iya ba da umurni a yi gwajin jini don a bincika ko akwai wani abu da zai iya sa mutum ya kamu da cutar.
Gwajin fata, kamar gwajin tsotsa fata ko gwajin faci, ana iya yin su don gano takamaiman abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyar.
4. Gwajin rashin lafiyar jiki: Idan likita ya yi zargin rashin lafiyar jiki, za su iya tura mai haƙuri zuwa likitan rashin lafiyar jiki don ƙarin gwaji.
Wannan na iya haɗawa da gwajin ƙwanƙwasa fata, gwajin faci, ko gwajin jini don gano takamaiman abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyan.
5. Gano bambanci: Likitan zai kuma bincika wasu abubuwan da za su iya jawo alamun, kamar su wasu cututtukan fata ko kuma wasu cututtuka, kuma zai iya ba da ƙarin gwaji don ya kawar da waɗannan.
6. Gwajin gwaji: A lokuta na urticaria na jiki, inda abubuwan motsa jiki kamar zafi, sanyi, ko matsi ke haifar da amya, likita na iya yin gwajin gwaji don tabbatar da ganewar asali.
Wannan yana nufin cewa za a saka abin da ake ganin zai iya sa ciwon ya ƙaru a jikin mutum don a ga ko zai iya shafan jikinsa.
7. Gwajin garkuwar jiki: A yanayin ciwon kai na kullum, likita zai iya ba da umarnin a yi gwaje-gwaje don a bincika cututtukan garkuwar jiki, domin waɗannan a wasu lokatai suna iya jawo yanayin.
8. Gwaje-gwaje na hotuna: A wasu lokatai, ana iya yin gwaje-gwaje na hotuna kamar su hoton X-ray ko CT scan don a gano wasu cututtuka da za su iya jawo irin wannan ciwon.
Gabaɗaya, gano cutar urticaria ya ƙunshi haɗuwa da tarihin likita, gwajin jiki, da kuma wasu lokuta gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Manufar ita ce a gano ainihin abin da ke jawo ciwon kuma a san magani mafi kyau da za a yi wa marar lafiyar.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
['Bayanin sanarwa: likita']
['Wannan shafin yanar gizon don ilimantarwa ne kawai ba don ba da shawara ko kuma ba da shawara ta likita ba.']
['Bai kamata a yi amfani da bayanin da aka bayar don gano ko magance matsalar lafiya ko cuta ba, kuma waɗanda suke neman shawarar likita na sirri ya kamata su tuntuɓi likitan da ke da lasisi.']
['Lura cewa hanyar sadarwar jijiyoyin da ke samar da amsoshin tambayoyin, ba ta da daidaito musamman idan ya zo ga abun cikin lamba. Misali, yawan mutanen da aka gano suna da takamaiman cuta.']
["Koyaushe nemi shawarar likitanka ko wani ƙwararren mai ba da lafiya game da yanayin likita. Kada ka taɓa yin watsi da shawarar likita ko jinkiri wajen neman ta saboda wani abu da ka karanta a wannan rukunin yanar gizon. Idan kuna tsammanin kuna da matsalar gaggawa ta likita, kira 911 ko je zuwa ɗakin gaggawa mafi kusa nan da nan. Babu wata alaƙar likita da mara lafiya da aka ƙirƙira ta wannan rukunin yanar gizon ko amfaninsa. BioMedLib ko ma'aikatanta, ko kowane mai ba da gudummawa ga wannan rukunin yanar gizon, ba su yin kowane wakilci, bayyane ko a bayyane, dangane da bayanan da aka bayar a nan ko amfaninsa."]
['Bayanin haƙƙin mallaka']
['Dokar haƙƙin mallaka ta Millennium ta 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) tana ba da damar neman masu haƙƙin mallaka waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa kayan da ke bayyana a Intanet sun keta haƙƙinsu a ƙarƙashin dokar haƙƙin mallaka ta Amurka. ']
['Idan kun yi imani da gaskiya cewa duk wani abun ciki ko kayan da aka samar dangane da gidan yanar gizon mu ko ayyukanmu ya keta haƙƙin mallaka, ku (ko wakilin ku) na iya aiko mana da sanarwa don neman cire abun ciki ko kayan, ko toshe damar zuwa gare shi. ']
["Dole ne a aika da sanarwa a rubuce ta hanyar imel (duba sashin 'Saduwa' don adireshin imel). "]
['DMCA tana buƙatar sanarwar ku game da zargin keta haƙƙin mallaka ya haɗa da waɗannan bayanan: (1) bayanin aikin haƙƙin mallaka wanda shine batun zargin cin zarafin; (2) bayanin abin da ake zargi da cin zarafin abun ciki da kuma isasshen bayani don ba mu damar gano abun ciki; (3) bayanin tuntuɓar ku, gami da adireshin ku, lambar tarho da adireshin imel; (4) sanarwa daga gare ku cewa kuna da kyakkyawan imani cewa abun cikin yadda ake korafin ba shi da izinin mai haƙƙin mallaka, ko wakilinsa, ko ta aikin kowace doka; ']
['(5) sanarwa daga gare ku, wanda aka sanya hannu a ƙarƙashin hukuncin shaidar zur, cewa bayanin da ke cikin sanarwar daidai ne kuma kuna da ikon aiwatar da haƙƙin mallaka wanda ake zargin an keta shi; ']
['da (6) sa hannu na zahiri ko na lantarki na mai haƙƙin mallaka ko mutumin da aka ba shi izinin yin aiki a madadin mai haƙƙin mallaka. ']
['Rashin hada dukkan bayanan da ke sama na iya haifar da jinkiri wajen aiwatar da korafin ka.']
['Tuntuɓi']
['Da fatan za a aiko mana da imel tare da kowace tambaya / shawara.']
How is urticaria diagnosed?
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
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