Ti urticaria, a pagaammo met kas panagkagat, ket maysa a kasasaad ti kudil a mailasin babaen ti panagparang dagiti nalabaga, agkuretret, ken lumteg a kudil.
Mabalin a gapu dayta iti nadumaduma a banag, agraman allergic reaction, impeksion, ken dadduma nga agas.
Ti panangdayagnos iti urticaria ramanenna ti panangusig iti pakasaritaan ti sakit, pisikal a panangeksamen, ken no dadduma dagiti pannubok iti laboratorio.
1. Pakasaritaan ti salun-at: Agsaludsod ti doktor maipapan iti pakasaritaan ti salun-at ti pasiente, agraman aniaman a naammuan nga allergy, nabiit pay a sakit, ken agas a tomtomarenna.
Damagenda met no kaano a nangrugi dagiti sintoma, kasano kabayag, ken ania dagiti posible a makagapu.
2. Panangeksamen iti bagi: Sukimaten ti doktor ti kudil no adda dagiti dunor, ti kadakkelda, ken ti pannakaiwarasda.
Mabalin met a kitaenda no adda dadduma pay a pagilasinan ti allergy, kas iti panagletteg ti rupa, bibig, wenno dila.
3. Pannakasukimat iti laboratorio: Iti dadduma a kaso, mabalin nga ibilin ti doktor ti pannakaeksamen ti dara tapno maammuan no adda allergy wenno impeksion.
Mabalin met a maaramid dagiti skin test, kas iti skin prick test wenno patch test, tapno mailasin dagiti espesipiko nga allergen.
4. Panangeksamen iti allergy: No agduadua ti doktor nga adda allergic reaction, mabalin nga iyalisna ti pasiente iti maysa nga allergist para iti kanayonan a panangeksamen.
Mabalin a ramanen daytoy ti panangsukimat iti kudil, panangsukimat iti patch, wenno panangsukimat iti dara tapno mailasin dagiti espesipiko nga allergen.
5. Panangammo iti nagdudumaan: Usigento met ti doktor ti dadduma a posible a makagapu kadagiti sintoma, kas iti dadduma a sakit ti kudil wenno dadduma pay a sakit, ket mabalin a mangibilin iti kanayonan a panangeksamen tapno maikkat dagitoy.
6. Panangsukimat iti pakaigapuan: Kadagiti kaso ti pisikal nga urticaria, a ti panagruar ti kudil ket gapu iti pisikal a pakaigapuan kas iti pudot, lamiis, wenno panangpilit, mabalin nga aramiden ti doktor ti panangsukimat iti pakaigapuan tapno pasingkedanna ti diagnosis.
Ramanen daytoy ti panangisarang iti kudil iti maipagarup a pakaigapuan tapno makita no adda reaksion.
7. Autoimmune a panangeksamen: No nakaro ti urticaria, mabalin nga ibilin ti doktor ti panangeksamen tapno kitaenna no adda autoimmune a sakit, ta dagitoy ti no dadduma a pakaigapuan ti kasasaad.
8. Imaging tests: Iti manmano a kaso, mabalin a maituding dagiti imaging test a kas iti X-ray wenno CT scan tapno mailaksid ti dadduma a kasasaad a mabalin a pakaigapuan dagiti umasping a sintoma.
Kaaduanna, ti panangdayagnos iti urticaria ramanenna ti kombinasion ti historia ti sakit, pisikal a panangeksamen, ken no dadduma dagiti pannubok iti laboratorio.
Ti panggep ket tapno maammuan ti kangrunaan a makagapu ken maammuan ti kasayaatan a panangagas iti pasiente.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
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How is urticaria diagnosed?
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
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