Adda sumagmamano a pakaigapuan ti panagdiabetes, a pakairamanan ti:
1. Pamilia a nagsakit iti diabetes: Dakdakkel ti posibilidad a maaddaanka iti diabetes no adda nagannak wenno kabsatmo.
2. Edad: Dakdakkel ti posibilidad a maaddaanka iti type 2 diabetes bayat nga agmatmataenganka, nangruna no agtawenkan iti nasurok a 45.
3. Timbang: Ti sobra a kinalukmeg wenno kinalukmeg ti mangpakaro iti peggad.
4. Di panagwatwat: Ti di panagwatwat mabalin a mangnayon iti peggadmo.
5. Rasa wenno puli: Dagiti dadduma a grupo ti puli, kas kadagiti Africano nga Americano, Hispanic nga Americano, Katutubo nga Americano, ken Asian nga Americano, ket dakdakkel ti posibilidadna nga agdiabetes iti type 2.
6. Gestational diabetes: Dagiti babbai nga addaan iti gestational diabetes bayat ti panagsikog ket dakdakkel ti posibilidadna nga agdiabeteda iti type 2 inton nataengandan.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Dagiti babbai nga addaan iti kastoy a kasasaad ket dakdakkel ti posibilidadna nga agdiabetes.
8. Metabolic syndrome: Daytoy a grupo dagiti kasasaad, a pakairamanan ti nangato a presion ti dara, nangato a kolesterol, ken dakkel a siklo ti siket, ti mangpakaro iti peggad ti type 2 diabetes.
9. Panagsigarilio: Ti panagsigarilio mabalin a paaduenna ti resistensia iti insulin, a mabalin nga agresulta iti type 2 diabetes.
10. Prediabetes: No nangatngato ti asukar iti dara ti maysa ngem iti normal a kaadu ti asukar iti dara, dakdakkel ti posibilidadna nga agdiabetes.
11. Bassit a timbang ti maladaga: Dagiti maladaga a bassit ti timbangda no maipasngay ket dakdakkel ti posibilidadna nga agdiabetes iti type 2 inton dumakkelda.
12. Nangato a presion ti dara: Ti nangato a presion ti dara pakaruenna ti posibilidad a maaddaan iti type 2 a diabetes.
13. Di normal a kaadu ti cholesterol ken triglyceride: Ti nangato a kaadu ti triglyceride ken nababa a kaadu ti HDL (nasayaat) a cholesterol ti mangpakaro iti peggad ti type 2 diabetes.
14. Sleep apnea: Dagiti addaan iti sleep apnea ket dakdakkel ti posibilidadna nga agdiabeteda.
15. Stress: Ti nakaro a stress mabalin a mangpakaro iti posibilidad a maaddaanka iti type 2 a diabetes.
16. Dadduma nga agas: Dadduma nga agas, kas kadagiti steroid ken antipsychotic, ti mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 diabetes.
17. Pannaka-inflammation: Ti nakaro a pannaka-inflammation mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 diabetes.
18. Agtugaw a panagbiag: Ti agtugaw a panagbiag mabalin a mangpaadu iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 a diabetes.
19. Nabaknang iti taba, adu ti calorie-na a taraon: Ti pannangan iti adu a di nasustansia a taba ken calorie ti mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 diabetes.
20. Panaginum iti arak: Ti nalabes a panaginum iti arak mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 a diabetes.
21. Pannakaturog a kurang: Ti kurang a turog mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 a diabetes.
22. Polusion ti angin: Ti pannakaisarang iti polusion ti angin mabalin a mangpaadu iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 a diabetes.
23. Dadduma nga impeksion: Dadduma nga impeksion, kas iti hepatitis C, mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 a diabetes.
24. Nangato a kaadu ti homocysteine: Ti nangato a kaadu ti homocysteine, maysa nga amino acid, mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 diabetes.
25. Nangato a kaadu ti uric acid: Ti nangato a kaadu ti uric acid, maysa a basura, mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 diabetes.
26. Nangato a kaadu ti C-reactive protein: Ti nangato a kaadu ti C-reactive protein, maysa a pagilasinan ti panagebbal, mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 a diabetes.
27. Nangato a kaadu ti fibrinogen: Ti nangato a kaadu ti fibrinogen, maysa a protina a mangbukel iti panagbalay ti dara, mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 a diabetes.
28. Nangato a kaadu ti PAI-1: Ti nangato a kaadu ti PAI-1, maysa a protina a mangbukel iti panagbalay ti dara, mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 a diabetes.
29. Nangato a kaadu ti leptin: Ti nangato a kaadu ti leptin, maysa a hormone a mangkontrol iti pannangan, mabalin a mangpakaro iti peggad ti panagsakit iti type 2 diabetes.
30. Nangato a kaadu ti resistin: Ti nangato a kaadu ti resistin, maysa a hormone a nainaig iti resistensia iti insulin, mabalin a mangpadakkel iti peggad ti panagsakit
King WM, Saseen JJ, Anderson SL: Characterization of diabetes risk factors in patients prescribed chronic statin therapy. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2014, 5 (5): 206-11.
Bielinski SJ, Pankow JS, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Bailey K, Li M, Selvin E, Couper D, Vazquez G, Brancati F: Strength of association for incident diabetes risk factors according to diabetes case definitions: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2012, 175 (5): 466-72.
Gangwisch JE, Gross R, Malaspina D: Differential Associations Between Depression, Risk Factors for Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Incidence in a Large U.S. Sample. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2015, 52 (2): 85-90.
Leiva AM, Martínez MA, Petermann F, Garrido-Méndez A, Poblete-Valderrama F, Díaz-Martínez X, Celis-Morales C: [Risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes in Chile]. Nutr Hosp. 2018, 35 (2): 400-407.
Chatterjee R, Maruthur NM, Edelman D: Novel Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in African-Americans. Curr Diab Rep. 2015, 15 (12): 103.
Higa S, Maesato A, Ishigaki S, Suenari K, Chen YJ, Chen SA: Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders (Hyperthyroidism/Hypothyroidism) as Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2021, 13 (1): 63-75.
Brodalko B: [Diabetes risk factors in the Regional Railway Hospital in Lublin, described on the basis of medical documentation]. Wiad Lek. 2000, 53 (5-6): 255-61.
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What are the risk factors for diabetes?
There are several risk factors for diabetes, including:
1. Family history: Having a parent or sibling with diabetes increases your risk.
2. Age: The risk of type 2 diabetes increases as you get older, especially after age 45.
3. Weight: Being overweight or obese increases your risk.
4. Physical inactivity: Lack of exercise can increase your risk.
5. Race or ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans, have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
6. Gestational diabetes: Women who have had gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Women with this condition have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
8. Metabolic syndrome: This cluster of conditions, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and large waist circumference, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.
9. Smoking: Smoking can increase insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes.
10. Prediabetes: Having prediabetes, or higher than normal blood sugar levels, increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
11. Low birth weight: Babies with low birth weight have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
12. High blood pressure: Having high blood pressure increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
13. Abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels: High levels of triglycerides and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
14. Sleep apnea: People with sleep apnea have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
15. Stress: Chronic stress can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
16. Certain medications: Some medications, such as steroids and antipsychotics, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
17. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
18. Sedentary lifestyle: A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
19. High-fat, high-calorie diet: Consuming a diet high in unhealthy fats and calories can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
20. Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
21. Sleep deprivation: Inadequate sleep can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
22. Air pollution: Exposure to air pollution can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
23. Certain infections: Certain infections, such as hepatitis C, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
24. High levels of homocysteine: High levels of homocysteine, an amino acid, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
25. High levels of uric acid: High levels of uric acid, a waste product, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
26. High levels of C-reactive protein: High levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
27. High levels of fibrinogen: High levels of fibrinogen, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
28. High levels of PAI-1: High levels of PAI-1, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
29. High levels of leptin: High levels of leptin, a hormone involved in appetite regulation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
30. High levels of resistin: High levels of resistin, a hormone involved in insulin resistance, can increase the risk of developing
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