Urtikaria, umume dikenal minangka gatal-gatal, minangka kahanan kulit sing ditondoi dening gatal-gatal, gatal-gatal sing bisa katon ing bagean awak.
Iki bisa disebabake dening macem-macem faktor, kalebu reaksi alergi, infeksi, utawa kondisi medis sing ndasari.
Perawatan kanggo urtikaria gumantung saka keruwetan kahanan lan panyebab sing ndasari.
Mangkene sawetara pilihan perawatan sing umum:
1. Antihistamin: Obat-obatan iki mbantu nyuda gatal-gatal lan bengkak kanthi mblokir efek histamin, bahan kimia sing dirilis dening awak sajrone reaksi alergi.
Antihistamin over-the-counter kayata diphenhydramine (Benadryl) utawa loratadine (Claritin) bisa efektif ing kasus entheng.
Ing kasus sing luwih abot, dhokter bisa uga menehi resep antihistamin sing luwih kuat.
2. Kortikosteroid: Ing kasus nalika antihistamin ora efektif, kortikosteroid kayata prednison bisa uga diwenehake kanggo nyuda peradangan lan nyandhet sistem kekebalan.
Obat-obatan iki biasane dijupuk kanthi lisan lan bisa menehi relief cepet.
3. Immunosuppressants: Ing kasus urticaria kronis sing ora nanggapi perawatan liyane, obat immunosuppressant kayata siklosporin utawa metotreksat bisa diresepake kanggo nyandhet sistem kekebalan awak lan nyuda peradangan.
4. Omalizumab: Obat iki minangka antibodi monoklonal sing bisa disuntikake sing target lan mblokir immunoglobulin E (IgE), protein sing melu reaksi alergi.
Biasane digunakake kanggo urtikaria kronis sing ora nanggapi perawatan liyane.
5. Ngindhari pemicu: Ngenali lan ngindhari pemicu sing nyebabake urtikaria bisa mbantu nyegah wabah.
Sing umum nyebabake kalebu panganan tartamtu, obat-obatan, gigitan serangga, lan paparan panas, kadhemen, utawa sinar srengenge.
6. Kompres adhem: Nggunakake kompres adhem ing wilayah sing kena pengaruh bisa mbantu nyuda gatal lan bengkak.
7. Wrap basah: Wrap basah bisa digunakake kanggo nyuda gatal lan nyuda peradangan.
Kain lembab dibungkus ing wilayah sing kena pengaruh, lan banjur diselehake kain garing kanggo nahan kelembapan.
8. Fototerapi: Paparan cahya ultraviolet bisa mbantu nyandhet sistem kekebalan awak lan nyuda peradangan ing sawetara kasus urtikaria kronis.
Penting kanggo konsultasi karo profesional perawatan kesehatan kanggo diagnosis lan perawatan urtikaria sing bener.
Dheweke bisa mbantu nemtokake sebab sing ndasari lan nyaranake rencana perawatan sing paling cocog.
Deleanu D, Nedelea I, Petricau C, Leru P, Dumitrascu D, Muntean A: Clinical impact of omalizumab in refractory chronic urticaria: One centre experience. Exp Ther Med. 2019, 18 (6): 5078-5081.
Grundmann SA, Kiefer S, Luger TA, Brehler R: Delayed pressure urticaria - dapsone heading for first-line therapy? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2011, 9 (11): 908-12.
Staumont-Sallé D, Piette F, Delaporte E: [Etiological diagnosis and treatment of chronic urticaria]. Rev Med Interne. 2003, 24 (1): 34-44.
Akashi R, Ishiguro N, Shimizu S, Kawashima M: Clinical study of the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chronic urticaria and prurigo chronica multiformis: effectiveness of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori. J Dermatol. 2011, 38 (8): 761-6.
Calogiuri G, Nettis E, Mandurino-Mirizzi A, Di Leo E, Macchia L, Foti C, Vacca A, Kounis NG: Omalizumab for the Treatment of Persistent Drug Induced Urticaria Elicited by Thienopyridines: A Case Report. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2020, 19 (3): 335-339.
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How to treat urticaria?
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by itchy, raised welts that can appear on any part of the body.
It can be caused by various factors, including allergic reactions, infections, or underlying medical conditions.
Treatment for urticaria depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause.
Here are some common treatment options:
1. Antihistamines: These medications help to reduce itching and swelling by blocking the effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction.
Over-the-counter antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or loratadine (Claritin) can be effective in mild cases.
In more severe cases, a doctor may prescribe stronger antihistamines.
2. Corticosteroids: In cases where antihistamines are not effective, corticosteroids such as prednisone may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
These medications are usually taken orally and can provide quick relief.
3. Immunosuppressants: In cases of chronic urticaria that do not respond to other treatments, immunosuppressant drugs such as cyclosporine or methotrexate may be prescribed to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation.
4. Omalizumab: This medication is an injectable monoclonal antibody that targets and blocks immunoglobulin E (IgE), a protein involved in allergic reactions.
It is typically used for chronic urticaria that does not respond to other treatments.
5. Avoid triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers that cause urticaria can help prevent outbreaks.
Common triggers include certain foods, medications, insect bites, and exposure to heat, cold, or sunlight.
6. Cold compress: Applying a cold compress to the affected area can help reduce itching and swelling.
7. Wet wraps: Wet wraps can be used to soothe itching and reduce inflammation.
A damp cloth is wrapped around the affected area, and then a dry cloth is placed over it to retain moisture.
8. Phototherapy: Exposure to ultraviolet light can help suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in some cases of chronic urticaria.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment of urticaria.
They can help determine the underlying cause and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan.
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