Urtikaria, umume dikenal minangka gatal-gatal, minangka kahanan kulit sing ditondoi kanthi katon gatal, munggah, welts abang (wheals) ing kulit.
Patofisiologi urtikaria kalebu pelepasan histamin lan mediator inflamasi liyane saka sel mast, yaiku sel kekebalan sing ditemokake ing kulit lan jaringan liyane.
Ing urtikaria akut, pelepasan histamin lan mediator liyane dipicu dening reaksi alergi marang alergen tartamtu, kayata panganan, obat, utawa sengatan serangga.
Iki nyebabake sel mast degranulate, ngeculake histamin lan mediator liyane sing nyebabake pembuluh getih dadi bocor, nyebabake pembentukan wheals.
Ing urtikaria kronis, panyebab asring ora dingerteni, nanging dianggep ana gandhengane karo mekanisme autoimun.
Ing kasus iki, awak ngasilake autoantibodi sing ngarahake reseptor IgE afinitas dhuwur (FcεRI) ing sel mast, sing nyebabake aktivasi lan pelepasan histamin lan mediator liyane.
Ing urtikaria akut lan kronis, pelepasan histamin lan mediator liyane nyebabake gejala khas gatal, abang, lan bengkak.
Perawatan biasane kalebu panggunaan antihistamin kanggo mblokir efek histamin lan nyuda gejala.
Ing kasus sing abot, obat-obatan liyane kayata kortikosteroid utawa omalizumab bisa digunakake kanggo ngontrol kahanan kasebut.
Wahlgren CF: Pathophysiology of itching in urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 1992, 47 (2 Pt 1): 65-75.
Raap U, Liekenbröcker T, Wieczorek D, Kapp A, Wedi B: [New therapeutic strategies for the different subtypes of urticaria]. Hautarzt. 2004, 55 (4): 361-6.
[Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of urticaria in children]. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2021, 119 (2): S54-S66.
Brzoza Z, Grzeszczak W, Rogala B, Trautsolt W, Moczulski D: Possible contribution of chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous autoreactive urticaria. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). , 42 (4): 302-6.
Sweeney TM, Dexter WW: Cholinergic urticaria in a jogger: ruling out exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Phys Sportsmed. 2003, 31 (6): 32-6.
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What is pathophysiology of urticaria?
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of itchy, raised, red welts (wheals) on the skin.
The pathophysiology of urticaria involves the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells, which are immune cells found in the skin and other tissues.
In acute urticaria, the release of histamine and other mediators is triggered by an allergic reaction to a specific allergen, such as food, medication, or insect sting.
This causes the mast cells to degranulate, releasing histamine and other mediators that cause blood vessels to become leaky, leading to the formation of wheals.
In chronic urticaria, the cause is often unknown, but it is thought to be related to an autoimmune mechanism.
In this case, the body produces autoantibodies that target the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells, leading to their activation and the release of histamine and other mediators.
In both acute and chronic urticaria, the release of histamine and other mediators leads to the characteristic symptoms of itching, redness, and swelling.
Treatment typically involves the use of antihistamines to block the effects of histamine and reduce symptoms.
In severe cases, other medications such as corticosteroids or omalizumab may be used to control the condition.
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