Mũndũ nũtonya kũkwatwa nĩ ũwau ũsu kwa kũnyw'a sikala mbingĩ kwa mũthenya na kwa myaka mingĩ.
2. Kũnyw'a sikala: Andũ ala matanyusaa sikala nĩmatonya kũkwatwa nĩ kanza ya mavũi.
3. Ĩthimo ya nzeve yĩtawa radon: Ve nzeve yĩtawa radon ĩla yĩthĩawa yĩ vakuvĩ na nzeve ĩla ĩnyungaa na vinya.
4. Asbestos na syĩndũ ingĩ itonya kũtuma mũndũ awaa nĩ kanza: Syĩndũ ta asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, soot, tar, na syĩndũ ingĩ nitonya kũtuma mũndũ awaa nĩ kanza ya mavũi.
5. Kũvukya nzeve: Mũndũ eethĩwa na nzeve nthũku kwa ĩvinda ĩasa, na mũno mũno ethĩwa ekalaa taoninĩ, nũtonya kũkwatwa nĩ kanza ya mavũi.
6. Andũ amwe ma mũsyĩ nĩmatonya kwĩthĩwa makwatĩtwe nĩ kanza ya mavũi.
7. Mũndũ eethĩwa na ũwau wa mavũi: Andũ ala tene maĩ na ũwau wa mavũi ta ũwau mũthũku wa kũsiĩĩa kũkua kwa nzeve (COPD) kana ũwau wa kĩthũi (tuberculosis) nĩmatonya kwĩthĩwa na ũwau ũsu.
8. Ũkũũ: Mũndũ akũa nũtonya kũkwatwa nĩ kanza ya mavũi, na mũno mũno ethĩwa e na myaka mbee wa 65.
9. Mũndũũme kana mũndũ mũka: Aũme nĩmo makothaa kũkwatwa nĩ kanza ya mavũi kwĩ aka.
10. Kũiitwa na nzeve: Mũndũ nũtonya kũkwatwa nĩ kanza ya mavũi ethĩwa tene nĩwawaĩte kanza ĩngĩ na ayĩkw'a ngoo.
11. Kũya lĩu ũte matunda na mboka mbingĩ nĩkũtonya kũtuma mũndũ akwatwa nĩ kanza ya mavũi.
12. Kũnyw'a ũkĩ mũno: Kũnyw'a ũkĩ mũno nĩkũtonya kũtuma mũndũ ethĩwa na ũwau wa kanza ya mavũi.
13. Maũndũ ala mũndũ ũsyaĩtwe namo: Ve maũndũ amwe mũndũ ũsyaĩtwe namo matonya kũtuma ethĩwa na ũwau wa kanza ya mavũi.
Nĩ ũndũ wa vata kũmanya kana mũndũ eethĩwa na ũmwe kana o maũndũ maingĩ matonya kũtuma akwatwa nĩ kanza ya mavũi, ũu ti kwasya kana akesa kũkwatwa nĩyo.
Ĩndĩ mũndũ alea kũlika maũndũnĩ asu kana ethĩwa nũnekalaa mũno, nũtonya kũolanga mũisyo wa kũkwata kanza ya mavũi.
Jin YJ, Tang W, Huang Y, Wang JW, Hou DH, Qi LL, Zhao SJ, Wu N: [Risk factors for lung cancer based on low-dose computed tomography screening]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2020, 42 (3): 222-227.
Hosseini M, Naghan PA, Karimi S, SeyedAlinaghi S, Bahadori M, Khodadad K, Mohammadi F, Kaynama K, Keynama K, Masjedi MR: Environmental risk factors for lung cancer in Iran: a case-control study. Int J Epidemiol. 2009, 38 (4): 989-96.
Zhou X, Hu J, Zhang C, Zhan Y, Song Y, Fan W, Hu Z, Yang H, Yang Q, Wu D, Li F, Li D, Nie R: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for in-hospital mortality of lung cancer patients with COVID-19: A multicenter, retrospective, cohort study. Thorac Cancer. 2021, 12 (1): 57-65.
Liu X, Fan Y, Jiang Y, Xiang J, Wang J, Sun Z, Ren G, Yao S, Chang R, Zhao Y, Qiao Y, Zhou Q: [A cohort study on risk factors of lung cancer in Yunnan tin miners]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2013, 16 (4): 184-90.
Aoun J, Saleh N, Waked M, Salamé J, Salameh P: Lung cancer correlates in Lebanese adults: a pilot case--control study. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2013, 3 (4): 235-44.
Chan-Yeung M, Koo LC, Ho JC, Tsang KW, Chau WS, Chiu SW, Ip MS, Lam WK: Risk factors associated with lung cancer in Hong Kong. Lung Cancer. 2003, 40 (2): 131-40.
['Ũtao:']
["Kĩsese kĩĩ kĩseũvĩtw'e kwondũ wa kũmanyĩsya na kũtetheesya andũ, ĩndĩ ti kũnengane motao ma ũiiti kana ũtethyo ũngĩ."]
['Ũvoo ũla wĩ vo ndwaĩle kũtũmĩwa kũĩkĩĩthya kana mũndũ e na ũwau mũna, na ala mekwenda ũtao wa ũiiti maĩle kũneena na ndakĩtalĩ.']
["Kwa ngelekany'o, ĩla mũndũ wakũlya ĩkũlyo yĩ na namba, no amanye kana mũndũ ũsu e na ũwau mũna."]
['Kĩla ĩvinda neena na ndakĩtalĩ waku kana mũndũ ũngĩ ũsomeete maũndũ ma ũiiti. Ndũkaatate kũlea kana kũkua ĩvinda ũimũkũlya ũtao aĩ nũndũ wa maũndũ amwe wasoma Kĩsesenĩ kĩĩ. Ethĩwa wĩona ta wĩ na thĩna wa mĩtũkĩ, neena na namba ya 911 kana ũthi sivitalĩ ya mĩtũkĩ ĩla yĩ vakuvĩ.']
['Ũtao:']
['The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) nĩyaĩtye kana ala me na ũthasyo wa kumĩthya syĩndũ ila syĩ Indanetinĩ nĩmaĩle kũtata ũndũ matonya nĩ kana maĩkĩĩthye kana syĩndũ ila mekumĩthya nĩsyavĩnga mĩao ya nthĩ ya Amelika.']
['Ethĩwa wĩ na mũĩkĩĩo kana ũvoo ũla wĩ kĩsesenĩ kitũ kana nthĩnĩ wa syĩndũ ila tumasya nũvĩtĩsye mĩao yaku, no ũtũtũmĩe valũa ũũtwĩĩte kana no ũtũsiĩĩe tũikamĩsome.']
["Mĩao ya DMCA yaĩtye kana no nginya ũvoo ũla ũũtũmĩa kũtũtavya kana ve kĩndũ kĩna kĩnavĩnga mĩao ya kumĩthya syĩndũ wĩthĩwe na ũvoo ũũ: (1) ũvoo ĩũlũ wa syĩndũ ila iwetetwe kana nĩsyo ivĩngĩĩsiwe nĩ mĩao ĩsu; (2) ũvoo ĩũlũ wa syĩndũ ila iwetetwe kana nĩsyo ivĩngĩĩsiwe nĩ mĩao ĩsu na ũvoo ũtonya kũtũtetheesya kũmanya vala syĩndũ isu syĩ; (3) ũndũ ũtonya kũtũtavya ũndũ ũtonya kũtũtavya ũndũ ũtonya kũũkũlya, ta vala wĩkalaa, namba yaku ya simũ, na valũa waku wa simũ; (4) ũĩkĩĩthyo ũkwonany'a kana wĩ na mũĩkĩĩo kana syĩndũ ila iwetetwe vau iyĩtĩkĩlĩtw'e nĩ ũla wĩ na ũthasyo wa kũseũvya syĩndũ, kana nĩ mũũngamĩi wasyo, kana nĩ mĩao ĩngĩ."]
["(5) ũĩkĩĩthyo kuma kwaku, ũla ũandĩkĩte ũikĩa ũkũsĩ ũte wa w'o, kana ũvoo ũla wĩ nthĩnĩ wa livoti nĩ wa w'o na kana wĩ na ũkũmũ wa kũũngamĩa maũndũ ala mawetwa nĩ ũla ũkũũmĩw'a;"]
['Na (6) saii ya mwene syĩndũ kana mũndũ ũla ũnengetwe ũkũmũ wa kwĩka maũndũ kwondũ wake.']
1. Smoking: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer.
The risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the number of years a person has smoked.
2. Secondhand smoke: Exposure to secondhand smoke can increase the risk of lung cancer in non-smokers.
3. Radon gas: Exposure to high levels of radon gas, a naturally occurring radioactive gas, can increase the risk of lung cancer.
4. Asbestos and other carcinogens: Exposure to asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, soot, tar, and other substances can cause lung cancer.
5. Air pollution: Long-term exposure to air pollution, particularly in urban areas, may slightly increase the risk of lung cancer.
6. Family history: A family history of lung cancer may increase a person's risk.
7. Personal history of lung disease: People with a history of lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or tuberculosis may have an increased risk of lung cancer.
8. Age: The risk of lung cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 65.
9. Gender: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.
10. Radiation therapy: Previous radiation therapy to the chest for other cancers can increase the risk of lung cancer.
11. Diet: A diet low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of lung cancer.
12. Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol consumption may increase the risk of lung cancer.
13. Genetics: Certain genetic mutations may increase the risk of lung cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean a person will develop lung cancer, and some people who develop lung cancer may not have any known risk factors.
However, reducing or avoiding exposure to these risk factors can help lower the chances of developing lung cancer.
Disclaimer: medical
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Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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Disclaimer: copyright
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