1. Gũtiga kũnyua thigara kana kwaga kwambĩrĩria: Kũnyua thigara nĩguo ũndũ ũrĩa mũnene mũno ũrehaga kansa ya mahũri, kwoguo gũtiga kana gwĩthema kũnyua thigara nĩguo ũndũ ũrĩa wa bata mũno ũngĩgirĩrĩria kansa ya mahũri.
2. Ndũgathumbũrũo nĩ ndogo ya thigara: Wĩtheme gũikarania na andũ arĩa macinaga, tondũ ndogo ya thigara no yongerere ũgwati wa kũgĩa na kansa ya mahũri.
Reke mũciĩ waku ũthuthurĩrio wone kana kũrĩ na indo njũru cingĩingĩria rĩera-inĩ rĩu, na ũngĩona kwagĩrĩire, wĩke ũrĩa ũngĩhota gũcigirĩrĩria.
4. Kũgirĩrĩria rĩera gũthũkio: Rĩera gũthũkio, makĩria matũũra-inĩ, no rĩtũmaga mũndũ anyitwo nĩ mũrimũ wa kansa ya mahũri.
Geria gwĩthema kũndũ kũrĩa kũrĩ na rĩera rĩũru mũno na ũhũthĩre mask ũngĩbatara.
5. Kũgirĩrĩria gũthumbũrũo na asbestos na indo ingĩ ithũkagia mũndũ: Gũthumbũrũo na asbestos, arsenic, nickel, na chromium no kuongerere ũgwati wa kũnyitwo nĩ kansa ya mahũri.
Oya makinya ma kũgirĩrĩria ũgwati wa kũhutio nĩ indo icio handũ harĩa ũraruta wĩra.
6. Rĩaga irio njega: Rĩaga irio nyingĩ cia matunda, mboga, na irio ingĩ no rĩgũteithie kũnyihanyihia ũgwati wa kũgĩa na kansa ya mahũri.
7. Ĩkaga maũndũ ma kũnogora mwĩrĩ kaingĩ: Kwĩmenyeria kaingĩ maũndũ ma kũnogora mwĩrĩ no gũgũteithie kũnyihanyihia ũgwati wa kũgĩa na kansa ya mahũri.
8. Gĩa na ũritũ ũrĩa wagĩrĩire: Gũkorũo na ũritũ wa mwĩrĩ kana kũneneha mũno no gũtũme ũgwati wa kũgĩa na kansa ya mahũri wongerereke, kwoguo nĩ ũndũ wa bata gũkorũo na ũritũ ũrĩa wagĩrĩire na njĩra ya kũrĩa na gwĩkaga maũndũ ma kũnogora mwĩrĩ.
9. Ĩka ũgima wa mwĩrĩ wa kũgiria mũndũ ndakagĩe na HPV: Mũrimũ wa papillomavirus (HPV) no ũtũme mũndũ agĩe na mũrimũ wa kansa ya mahũri, kwoguo no ũgũteithie gwĩthema kũgwatwo nĩguo.
10. Kwĩroraga kaingĩ: Kwĩroraga kaingĩ na ndagĩtarĩ no gũteithie kũmenya kansa ya mahũri tene, rĩrĩa ĩngĩthondekeka.
11. Wĩcirie ũhoro wa gũthimwo kana no ũkorũo na kansa ya mahũri: Angĩkorũo nĩ ũnyuaga thigara mũno kana wananyua tene, aria na ndagĩtarĩ ũhoro wĩgiĩ njĩra ingĩ cia gũthimwo kana no ũkorũo na kansa ya mahũri, ta gũthimwo na macini ĩtagwo computed tomography (CT).
12. Gwĩthema kũndũ kũrĩa andũ mahũthagĩra indo ta icio: Kũrĩa andũ mahũthagĩra indo ta icio no gũtũme mũndũ agĩe na mũrimũ wa kansa ya gĩthũri, ĩrĩa ĩngĩcoka ĩtambũrũke ĩgathira mahũri-inĩ, kwoguo gwĩthema kũndũ ta kũu no gũteithie mũndũ kũgirĩrĩria kansa ya mahũri.
13. Kũnyua njohi na gĩthimi: Kũnyua njohi gũkĩria gĩthimi no gũtũme mũndũ agĩe na mũrimũ wa kansa ya mahũri, kwoguo nĩ harĩ bata kũnyua njohi na gĩthimi.
14. Wĩtheme mogwati ma wĩra: Mawĩra mamwe ta ma kwenja na gũthondeka cuma, no mongerere ũgwati wa kansa ya mahũri nĩ ũndũ wa kũhutio nĩ indo iria irehaga kansa.
Oya makinya ma kũgirĩrĩria kũhutio nĩ ndawa maũndũ-inĩ ta macio.
15. Ikaraga ũkĩmenya maũndũ: Ikaraga ũkĩmenya maũndũ marĩa marekĩka megiĩ gwĩthema kansa ya mahũri na warie na ndagĩtarĩ waku ũhoro wĩgiĩ maũndũ marĩa ũreciria kana ciũria iria ũngĩkorũo nacio.
Risser NL: Prevention of lung cancer: the key is to stop smoking. Semin Oncol Nurs. 1996, 12 (4): 260-9.
Lim JU, Yoon HK: Narrative review: association between lung cancer development and ambient particulate matter in never-smokers. J Thorac Dis. 2022, 14 (2): 553-563.
Zhang Z, Lu S, Dunmall LSC, Wang Z, Cheng Z, Zhang Z, Yan W, Chu Y, Gao D, Wang N, Li Y, Wang J, Li Y, Ji Y, Shan D, Li K, Wang P, Dong Y, Dong J, Lemoine NR, Pei D, Zhang L, Wang Y: Treatment and Prevention of Lung Cancer Using a Virus-Infected Reprogrammed Somatic Cell-Derived Tumor Cell Vaccination (VIReST) Regime. Front Immunol. 2020, 11 (): 1996.
Astrup AV, Sandström B: [Antioxidative primary prevention with beta-carotene: does it prevent or cause lung cancer and ischemic heart disease in smokers?]. Ugeskr Laeger. 1994, 156 (23): 3510-1.
Shankar A, Dubey A, Saini D, Singh M, Prasad CP, Roy S, Bharati SJ, Rinki M, Singh N, Seth T, Khanna M, Sethi N, Kumar S, Sirohi B, Mohan A, Guleria R, Rath GK: Environmental and occupational determinants of lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2019, 8 (Suppl 1): S31-S49.
Krawczyk P, Duchnowska R, Nicoś M, Kowalski D, Wojas-Krawczyk K: Preventing central nervous system metastases in non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2018, 18 (11): 1077-1083.
Ren G, Ye J, Fan Y, Wang J, Sun Z, Jia H, Du X, Hou C, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhou Q: [Survey and analysis of awareness of lung cancer prevention and control in a LDCT lung cancer screening project in Tianjin Dagang Oilfield of China]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2014, 17 (2): 163-70.
['Ũkaana: thibitarĩ']
['Website ĩno ĩkoragwo ĩrĩ ya kũrutana na kũheana ũhoro tu na ti ya kũheana ũtaaro wa ũrigitani kana ũtungata wa kĩĩmwĩrĩ.']
['Ũhoro ũrĩa ũrĩ thĩinĩ wa broshua ĩyo ndwagĩrĩirũo kũhũthĩrũo gũthima kana kũrigita mũrimũ mũna, na arĩa marenda ũtaaro wa ũrigitani magĩrĩirũo gũcaria ũteithio wa ndagĩtarĩ.']
['No wone atĩ netiwaki ya neuron ĩrĩa ĩheanaga macokio ma ciũria icio, ndĩkoragwo na ũkinyanĩru mũno ũhoro-inĩ wĩgiĩ namba. Kwa ngerekano, mũigana wa andũ arĩa magwatĩtio mũrimũ mũna.']
['Hingo ciothe caria ũtaaro wa ndagĩtarĩ kana mũndũ ũngĩ wagĩrĩire ũgima-inĩ waku wa mwĩrĩ igũrũ rĩgiĩ mũrimũ. Ndũkaanahũthie ũtaaro wa ndagĩtarĩ kana ũcererũo kũũcaria nĩ ũndũ wa ũndũ ũthomete thĩinĩ wa website ĩno. Ũngĩkorũo ũrona ta wacemania na ũndũ mũhiũ, hũra thimũ 911 kana ũthiĩ thibitarĩ ya hakuhĩ na harĩa ũrĩ. Gũtirĩ ũrata wa ndagĩtarĩ na mũrwaru wonekaga nĩ ũndũ wa website ĩno kana kũhũthĩrũo kwayo. BioMedLib kana aruti ayo a wĩra, kana mũndũ ũngĩ wothe ũrutĩte wĩra thĩinĩ wa website ĩno, ndarĩ na ũira, wa ĩmwe kwa ĩmwe kana wa ĩmwe kwa ĩmwe, wĩgiĩ ũhoro ũrĩa ũheanĩtwo ho kana ũrĩa ũhũthĩrĩtwo.']
['Ũregani: wĩyathi wa kwandĩka']
['Watho wa Digital Millennium Copyright Act wa 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) ũheanaga ũhoti wa ene a ihoto cia wandĩki arĩa metĩkĩtie atĩ ũhoro ũrĩa ũroneka intanetiinĩ nĩ ũtharĩtie ihooto ciao kũringana na watho wa U.S. wa ihoto cia wandĩki.']
['Ũngĩkorũo na wĩtĩkio atĩ ũhoro kana kĩndũ kĩna gĩtahingũrĩtwo ũhoro-inĩ wĩgiĩ website kana ũtungata witũ nĩ gĩgũthũkia ihooto ciaku, wee (kana mũndũ ũrĩa ũgũgũthondekera) no ũtũtũmĩre notithi ũkĩũria ũhoro kana kĩndũ kĩu kĩeherio, kana ũrigĩrĩrio ndũgacihũthĩre.']
["Marũa macio magĩrĩire gũtũmwo na njĩra ya kwandĩkwo na e-mail (rora ũhoro wa andirethi gĩcunjĩinĩ kĩa 'Maũndũ ma kwaranĩria')."]
['DMCA ĩbataraga atĩ notithi yaku ya kuuna ihooto cia wandĩki ĩkorwo na ũhoro ũyũ: (1) ũtaarĩria wa wĩra ũrĩa ũrĩ na ihooto cia wandĩki ũrĩa ũrarumwo; (2) ũtaarĩria wa ũhoro ũrĩa ũrarumwo na ũhoro mũiganu wa gũtũhotithia kũmenya kũrĩa ũhoro ũcio ũrĩ; (3) ũhoro waku wa kwaranĩria, hamwe na andirethi, namba ya thimũ na andirethi ya e-mail; (4) ndũmĩrĩri yaku atĩ wĩ na wĩtĩkio mwega atĩ ũhoro ũcio ũramenererio ndũrĩ na rũtha rwa mwene wa watho, kana mũrũgamĩrĩri, kana rwa watho o wothe; ']
['(5) nĩ mwandĩkanĩire, na nĩ mũkũheo mũkaana wa kũheenania, atĩ ũhoro ũrĩa ũrĩ kĩmenyithiainĩ kĩu nĩ wa ma na atĩ mũrĩ na ũhoti wa kũhingia ihooto iria mũreganĩte nacio;']
['na (6) kĩrore kĩa mwene kĩhoto kana kĩa mũndũ wĩtĩkĩritio gwĩtongoria handũ ha mwene kĩhoto.']
['Kwaga kwandĩka ũhoro ũcio wothe no gũtũme gũtangĩka gwaku kũhĩtũke.']
['Ũhoro wa Kwaranĩria']
['Tũma ndũmĩrĩri ya kũbucia kũgerera thimũ kana thimũ ya mohoro.']
How to prevent lung cancer?
1. Quit smoking or don't start smoking: Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, so quitting or avoiding smoking is the most important measure to prevent lung cancer.
2. Limit exposure to secondhand smoke: Avoid being around people who are smoking, as secondhand smoke can also increase your risk of lung cancer.
3. Avoid exposure to radon gas: Radon gas is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can cause lung cancer.
Have your home tested for radon levels and take steps to reduce them if necessary.
4. Limit exposure to air pollution: Air pollution, especially in urban areas, can increase the risk of lung cancer.
Try to avoid areas with high levels of air pollution and wear a mask if necessary.
5. Limit exposure to asbestos and other carcinogens: Exposure to asbestos, arsenic, nickel, and chromium can increase the risk of lung cancer.
Take precautions to limit exposure to these substances in the workplace.
6. Eat a healthy diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce the risk of lung cancer.
7. Exercise regularly: Regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of lung cancer.
8. Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of lung cancer, so maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise is important.
9. Get vaccinated against HPV: The human papillomavirus (HPV) can increase the risk of lung cancer, so getting vaccinated can help prevent infection.
10. Regular check-ups: Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help detect lung cancer early, when it is most treatable.
11. Consider lung cancer screening: If you are a current or former heavy smoker, talk to your healthcare provider about lung cancer screening options, such as low-dose computed tomography (CT) scans.
12. Avoid tanning beds: Tanning beds can increase the risk of skin cancer, which can spread to the lungs, so avoiding them can help prevent lung cancer.
13. Limit alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of lung cancer, so limiting alcohol intake is important.
14. Avoid occupational hazards: Certain occupations, such as mining and metalworking, can increase the risk of lung cancer due to exposure to carcinogens.
Take precautions to limit exposure in these situations.
15. Stay informed: Stay up-to-date on the latest research and recommendations for lung cancer prevention and talk to your healthcare provider about any concerns or questions you may have.
Disclaimer: medical
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Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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Disclaimer: copyright
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['Ũhoro wa']
['BioMedLib ĩhũthagĩra kombiuta cia gwĩthuurĩra (njĩra cia gũthoma macini) gũthondeka ciũria na macokio.']
['Twambĩrĩirie na mabuku milioni 35 megiĩ ũgima wa mwĩrĩ marĩa makoragwo thĩinĩ wa PubMed/Medline. Ningĩ, tũhũthagĩra ciarĩro cia RefinedWeb.']
