1. Kueha o ku buakula: O ku buakula kuene mu bheka uhaxi ua izavu, mu kiki o kueha o ku buakula kuene kua beta-kota phala ku fidisa o uhaxi iú.
2. Kana kuxikina dixi dia makanha: Kana kuxikama ni athu a buakula, mukonda o dixi dia makanha di tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu.
3. Kana ku kuata o munza ua iibha: O munza ua iibha u tunda mu phutu, u tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu.
Tonginina kiambote o inzo iê phala kuijiia se muala ima i tena ku zanga o inzo.
4. Ku langa o muenhu uê ku ima i xidisa o mulenge: O ima i xidisa o mulenge, bhenge-bhenge mu jimbanza, i tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu.
Kana kuia mu ididi muala munza ua xidi, se ki bhana zuata o dilesu.
5. Kana ku kuata ima i tena ku bheka uhaxi ua izavu: O ima kála o azbesto, arsênio, níquel, ni cromo, i tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu.
Bhanga ioso phala ku dilange ku ima íii i tena ku zanga o kithangana kiê mu sidivisu.
6. Kala ni ukexilu uambote ua kudia: O kudia kuavulu, kála o ibundu, o mafe ni kudia kua masa, ku tena ku kuatekesa o muthu ku kamba ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu.
7. Ku tonoka: O ku tonoka ku tena ku kuatekesa o muthu ku sosola o uhaxi ua izavu.
8. Kala ni mukutu ua neme: O ku kala ni mukutu ua neme kiavulu, ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu, mu kiki, o muthu ua tokala kudia kiambote ni ku bhanga ikalakalu ia mukutu.
9. Di bhakule ku mauhaxi a sambukila: O mauhaxi a sambukila (HPV) a tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu, mu kiki o ku di bhakula ku mauhaxi enhá, ku tena ku fidisa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi iú.
10. Ku di tonginina izuua ioso: O ku di tonginina izuua ioso, ku tena ku kuatekesa kuijiia se uala ni uhaxi ua izavu mu kithangana kia tokala.
11. Sota kuijiia se uala ni uhaxi ua izavu: Se eie u muthu ua mu buakula kiavulu mba ua kexile kiá mu buakula, zuela ni dotolo iê ia lungu ni ukexilu ua ku ku tala se uala ni uhaxi ua izavu.
12 Kana ku zeka mu ididi mua mu ta o athu ku muanha uatu: O kididi kia ku zeka mu muanha uatu, ki tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu, o izavu i tena ué ku sambukila ku izavu.
13. Kana kunuá kiavulu: O kunuá kiavulu ku tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu, mu kiki kima kiambote kueha o uhôlua.
14. Kana ku bhanga ima i tena ku ku bhekela uhaxi: Saí ikalakalu kála o ku bhanga uenji mu ididi mua katula matadi, ni ku bhanga ima ia mukuá, i tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu.
Bhanga ioso phala ku di langa mu ithangana íii.
15. Sota kuijiia kiambote o maka: Sota kuijiia kiambote o ima ia mu tokuesa o jingijiie, ni itendelesu ia lungu ni ku fidisa o uhaxi ua izavu, zuela ni dotolo iê ia lungu ni maka u uala nau.
Risser NL: Prevention of lung cancer: the key is to stop smoking. Semin Oncol Nurs. 1996, 12 (4): 260-9.
Lim JU, Yoon HK: Narrative review: association between lung cancer development and ambient particulate matter in never-smokers. J Thorac Dis. 2022, 14 (2): 553-563.
Zhang Z, Lu S, Dunmall LSC, Wang Z, Cheng Z, Zhang Z, Yan W, Chu Y, Gao D, Wang N, Li Y, Wang J, Li Y, Ji Y, Shan D, Li K, Wang P, Dong Y, Dong J, Lemoine NR, Pei D, Zhang L, Wang Y: Treatment and Prevention of Lung Cancer Using a Virus-Infected Reprogrammed Somatic Cell-Derived Tumor Cell Vaccination (VIReST) Regime. Front Immunol. 2020, 11 (): 1996.
Astrup AV, Sandström B: [Antioxidative primary prevention with beta-carotene: does it prevent or cause lung cancer and ischemic heart disease in smokers?]. Ugeskr Laeger. 1994, 156 (23): 3510-1.
Shankar A, Dubey A, Saini D, Singh M, Prasad CP, Roy S, Bharati SJ, Rinki M, Singh N, Seth T, Khanna M, Sethi N, Kumar S, Sirohi B, Mohan A, Guleria R, Rath GK: Environmental and occupational determinants of lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2019, 8 (Suppl 1): S31-S49.
Krawczyk P, Duchnowska R, Nicoś M, Kowalski D, Wojas-Krawczyk K: Preventing central nervous system metastases in non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2018, 18 (11): 1077-1083.
Ren G, Ye J, Fan Y, Wang J, Sun Z, Jia H, Du X, Hou C, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhou Q: [Survey and analysis of awareness of lung cancer prevention and control in a LDCT lung cancer screening project in Tianjin Dagang Oilfield of China]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2014, 17 (2): 163-70.
['Kitendelesu:']
['O kijimbuete kiki, phala ku longa ngó, ki kiene mu bhana milongi ia lungu ni sauidi.']
['O milongi íii, ka tokala ku i tumbula phala ku saka uhaxi, mba ku saka mauhaxi a mukuá.']
['Mu kifika, o ji komputadolo jene mu kuatekesa o athu kuijiia o ima ia lungu ni uhaxi, ki ji tena ku jimbulula kiambote o maka.']
['Sota kikuatekesu kia dotolo iê mba muthu ua mukuá uala ni uhete ua ku saka mauhaxi. Kana ku jimba o itendelesu ia dotolo mukonda dia milongi i ua tange mu kijimbuete kiki. Se ua mesena kikuatekesu, xinda ku muxinda ua 112, mba ndé mu inzo ia ku saka ia zukama.']
['Iala ni Kikutu ni Jinguvulu ja Jixi Jengi']
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['Se eie u xikina ni kidi kioso kuila o milongi mba milongi i ua mu tanga mu kijimbuete kietu kia internete, mba mu ima ia mukuá, ia mu bhukumukina o itumu iê, eie (mba o muthu u ua mu tumina) u tena ku tu tumikisa mukanda ni ku tu bhinga phala ku katula o milongi mba milongi i ua mu tanga mba ku fidisa o muthu ku i tanga.']
['O ngolokela a tokala ku i tumikisa mu mukanda ni mu kijimbuete kia i-me-le (Tala o mbandu "Utuameni ua Ijimbuete") ].']
['O DMCA i bhinga kuila o njimbu iê ia lungu ni ku bhukumukina o itumu ia ku tokala, i kala ni milongi íii: (1) kijimbuluilu kia kikalakalu kia tokala ku kitumu kia ku tokala; (2) kijimbuluilu kia milongi ia ku tokala ni milongi i tua tokala ku sanga; (3) o ijimbuete iê, ni ijimbuete ia mutelembe uê; (4) ni izuelu i ua zuela kuila eie u xikina ni kidi kioso kuila o milongi ia ku tokala, ki i tokala ku ngana ia tokala, mba ku mukunji uê, mba ku kitumu kioso-kioso; ']
['(5) O kijimbuete kiê, ni kijimbuete kia ku tangela kuila o milongi iala mu kijimbuete kiki ia kidi, ni kuila eie uala ni kutena kua ku langa o ima ia ku tokala;']
['O kijimbuete kiki, ki tena ku kala ni kidimbu kiê, mba kijimbuete kia muthu ua mu tumina o ku ki jikula.']
['Se ku soneka o ima ioso íii, o ku tokuesa o maka mê kua-nda laleka.']
['Kuzuela ni Muthu']
['Tua ku dióndo, tu tumikise njimbu ni ibhuidisu mba jindunge.']
How to prevent lung cancer?
1. Quit smoking or don't start smoking: Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, so quitting or avoiding smoking is the most important measure to prevent lung cancer.
2. Limit exposure to secondhand smoke: Avoid being around people who are smoking, as secondhand smoke can also increase your risk of lung cancer.
3. Avoid exposure to radon gas: Radon gas is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can cause lung cancer.
Have your home tested for radon levels and take steps to reduce them if necessary.
4. Limit exposure to air pollution: Air pollution, especially in urban areas, can increase the risk of lung cancer.
Try to avoid areas with high levels of air pollution and wear a mask if necessary.
5. Limit exposure to asbestos and other carcinogens: Exposure to asbestos, arsenic, nickel, and chromium can increase the risk of lung cancer.
Take precautions to limit exposure to these substances in the workplace.
6. Eat a healthy diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce the risk of lung cancer.
7. Exercise regularly: Regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of lung cancer.
8. Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of lung cancer, so maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise is important.
9. Get vaccinated against HPV: The human papillomavirus (HPV) can increase the risk of lung cancer, so getting vaccinated can help prevent infection.
10. Regular check-ups: Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help detect lung cancer early, when it is most treatable.
11. Consider lung cancer screening: If you are a current or former heavy smoker, talk to your healthcare provider about lung cancer screening options, such as low-dose computed tomography (CT) scans.
12. Avoid tanning beds: Tanning beds can increase the risk of skin cancer, which can spread to the lungs, so avoiding them can help prevent lung cancer.
13. Limit alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of lung cancer, so limiting alcohol intake is important.
14. Avoid occupational hazards: Certain occupations, such as mining and metalworking, can increase the risk of lung cancer due to exposure to carcinogens.
Take precautions to limit exposure in these situations.
15. Stay informed: Stay up-to-date on the latest research and recommendations for lung cancer prevention and talk to your healthcare provider about any concerns or questions you may have.
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['O ku']
['O BioMedLib i kalakala ni ji komputadolo phala ku bhanga ibhuidisu ni itambuijilu.']
['Tua mateka ni 35 a mazunda a madivulu a lungu ni sauidi mu internete, ni madivulu a mukuá a ubhe.']
['Tanga o mbandu "Referências" ni mbandu "Disclaimer".']
