What are the risk factors for Prostate cancer?

['Ívua o mbandu íii']

Ima iahi i tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua mele?

1. O kitala: O uhaxi ua kijimbu ki ki kula dingi kioso o muthu kiaia ni ku kuka.

2. O kikonda: O mala akua Africa, ni América, ene mu kala ni uhaxi ua bhonzo ku u saka, o akua jixi jengi ndenge.

3. O muiji: O mala ala ni muiji uâ ua kuata o uhaxi ua izavu, bhenge-bhenge se o jitata mba o jiphange jâ, ene uá ala ni uhaxi iú.

4. O uhaxi ua lundula o jitata, kála o uhaxi ua BRCA1 ni BRCA2, u bhangesa o diiala ku kala ni uhaxi ua ku kala ni kijimbu mu manhinga.

5. O kudia: O kudia kuavulu, ni kudia kua tolo kua ibundu, ku tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu.

6. Kukamba nguzu: O ku kala ni nguzu iavulu, ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua kijimbu.

7. O ku buakula: O ku buakula ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua izavu, bhenge-bhenge se o uhaxi iú ua mu di bandekesa.

8. O ku Kala ni Ima ia Munza: O ku kala ni ima ia munza, kála o milongo, i tena ku bhangesa o muthu ku kala ni uhaxi ua mele.

9. O uhaxi u sambukila mu ku bhanga undumbu: O mala ene ni uhaxi ua ku bhanga undumbu, kála o uhaxi ua kisongo, a kala ni uôma ua ku kala ni uhaxi ua ku kala ni kijimbu mu manhinga.

10. Ku zeka ni muhatu: Saí jingijiie amba kuila o mala a zeka ni ahatu avulu, mba a zeka ni ahatu avulu, ene mu kala dingi ni uhaxi ua ku kala ni kijimbu mu manhinga.

11. Ku batula o mbutu ia diiala: O mala a batula o mbutu ia diiala, a kala dingi ni uhaxi ua kijimbu.

12.Kukamba uhaxi ua ku kala ni sukidi iavulu mu manhinga: O mala ala ni uhaxi ua ku kala ni sukidi iavulu mu manhinga, a kala ni uhaxi ua ku kala ni kisongo mu manhinga, bhenge-bhenge se o uhaxi iú ua bhonzo.

Kima kiambote kuijiia kuila o ku kala ni uhaxi iú, ki kilombolola kuila o diiala ua-nda kala ni uhaxi ua izavu.

Maji o kuijiia o ima íii, ku tena ku kuatekesa o mala kuijiia o ima ia tokala o ku bhanga phala ku dilanga.

['Izuelu ia mukuá']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Hosseini M, SeyedAlinaghi S, Mahmoudi M, McFarland W: A case-control study of risk factors for prostate cancer in Iran. Acta Med Iran. , 48 (1): 61-6.

Oderda M, Mondino P, Zitella A, Gontero P, Tizzani A: [Update on epidemiology and risk factors of prostate cancer]. Urologia. , 75 (3): 143-8.

Mazdak H, Mazdak M, Jamali L, Keshteli AH: Determination of prostate cancer risk factors in Isfahan, Iran: a case-control study. Med Arh. 2012, 66 (1): 45-8.

Brasso K: [Prostate cancer--incidence and risk factors]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2007, 169 (20): 1883-6.

Patel AR, Klein EA: Risk factors for prostate cancer. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2009, 6 (2): 87-95.

Sawada N: Risk and preventive factors for prostate cancer in Japan: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective (JPHC) study. J Epidemiol. 2017, 27 (1): 2-7.

Mordukhovich I, Reiter PL, Backes DM, Family L, McCullough LE, O'Brien KM, Razzaghi H, Olshan AF: A review of African American-white differences in risk factors for cancer: prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2011, 22 (3): 341-57.

['Kitendelesu:']

['O kijimbuete kiki, phala ku longa ngó, ki kiene mu bhana milongi ia lungu ni sauidi.']

['O milongi íii, ka tokala ku i tumbula phala ku saka uhaxi, mba ku saka mauhaxi a mukuá.']

['Mu kifika, o ji komputadolo jene mu kuatekesa o athu kuijiia o ima ia lungu ni uhaxi, ki ji tena ku jimbulula kiambote o maka.']

['Sota kikuatekesu kia dotolo iê mba muthu ua mukuá uala ni uhete ua ku saka mauhaxi. Kana ku jimba o itendelesu ia dotolo mukonda dia milongi i ua tange mu kijimbuete kiki. Se ua mesena kikuatekesu, xinda ku muxinda ua 112, mba ndé mu inzo ia ku saka ia zukama.']

['Iala ni Kikutu ni Jinguvulu ja Jixi Jengi']

['O Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (o DMCA) i bhana ku athu ala ni ufolo ua ku soneka, o ima ia mona mu Internete, i bhukumukina o ufolo uâ ua ku soneka. ']

['Se eie u xikina ni kidi kioso kuila o milongi mba milongi i ua mu tanga mu kijimbuete kietu kia internete, mba mu ima ia mukuá, ia mu bhukumukina o itumu iê, eie (mba o muthu u ua mu tumina) u tena ku tu tumikisa mukanda ni ku tu bhinga phala ku katula o milongi mba milongi i ua mu tanga mba ku fidisa o muthu ku i tanga.']

['O ngolokela a tokala ku i tumikisa mu mukanda ni mu kijimbuete kia i-me-le (Tala o mbandu "Utuameni ua Ijimbuete") ].']

['O DMCA i bhinga kuila o njimbu iê ia lungu ni ku bhukumukina o itumu ia ku tokala, i kala ni milongi íii: (1) kijimbuluilu kia kikalakalu kia tokala ku kitumu kia ku tokala; (2) kijimbuluilu kia milongi ia ku tokala ni milongi i tua tokala ku sanga; (3) o ijimbuete iê, ni ijimbuete ia mutelembe uê; (4) ni izuelu i ua zuela kuila eie u xikina ni kidi kioso kuila o milongi ia ku tokala, ki i tokala ku ngana ia tokala, mba ku mukunji uê, mba ku kitumu kioso-kioso; ']

['(5) O kijimbuete kiê, ni kijimbuete kia ku tangela kuila o milongi iala mu kijimbuete kiki ia kidi, ni kuila eie uala ni kutena kua ku langa o ima ia ku tokala;']

['O kijimbuete kiki, ki tena ku kala ni kidimbu kiê, mba kijimbuete kia muthu ua mu tumina o ku ki jikula.']

['Se ku soneka o ima ioso íii, o ku tokuesa o maka mê kua-nda laleka.']

['Kuzuela ni Muthu']

['Tua ku dióndo, tu tumikise njimbu ni ibhuidisu mba jindunge.']

What are the risk factors for prostate cancer?

1. Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in men over the age of 65.

2. Race/Ethnicity: African American men have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer than men of other races.

3. Family History: Men with a family history of prostate cancer, particularly a father or brother with the disease, have a higher risk.

4. Genetics: Certain inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

5. Diet: A diet high in red meat and low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

6. Obesity: Being overweight or obese may increase the risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms of the disease.

7. Smoking: Smoking may increase the risk of prostate cancer, particularly advanced or fatal forms of the disease.

8. Chemical Exposure: Exposure to certain chemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

9. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Men with a history of sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, may have an increased risk of prostate cancer.

10. Sexual Activity: Some studies suggest that men who have a higher number of sexual partners or engage in frequent sexual activity may have a slightly increased risk of prostate cancer.

11. Vasectomy: Men who have had a vasectomy may have a slightly increased risk of prostate cancer.

12. Diabetes: Men with diabetes may have a higher risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms of the disease.

It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean that a man will develop prostate cancer, and many men with prostate cancer have no known risk factors.

However, being aware of these risk factors can help men make informed decisions about screening and prevention.

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