Inki mutindu bo ke zabaka kana muntu kele ti kansere ya prostate?
Bo ke salaka ekzame mingi sambu na kuzaba kana muntu kele ti kansere ya prostate, mpi ekzame yango lenda vanda:
1. Digitale ya bo kebingaka nde examen rectal (DRE): Munganga ketulaka musapi mosi ya bo mekangisa na maneti mpi ya bo metula mafuta na kati ya rectum sambu na kutala kana prostate kele ti bifu.
2. ekzame ya prostate-specific antigen (PSA): Yai kele ekzame ya menga yina ketadilaka kiteso ya protéine mosi yina prostate kebasisaka.
Kana PSA kele mingi, yo lenda monisa nde yandi kele ti kansere ya prostate.
3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): Bo ketulaka sonde mosi ya fyoti na kati ya rectum sambu na kubaka kifwanisu ya prostate na nsadisa ya makelele.
Yo lenda sadisa na kuzaba kana prostate kele ti bifu.
4. Bo kesalaka ekzame ya nitu (biopsie): Bo kebakaka kitini ya fyoti ya prostate mpi bo ketalaka yo na mikroskope sambu na kuzaba kana yo kele ti baselile ya kansere.
Yai kele mutindu mosi kaka ya mbote ya kuzaba kana muntu kele ti kansere ya prostate.
5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Kisadilu ya bo kebingaka nde scanner ya bo kesalaka na baselile ya prostate lenda sadisa na kuzaba kana yo kele ti bidimbu ya mbi mpi yo lenda sadisa na kusala ekzame ya nene.
6. Kusosa kuzaba kana kansere yango kele ngolo to ve: Minganga yankaka lenda sadila bansosa ya mutindu yai sambu na kuzaba kana kansere yango kele ngolo to ve mpi sambu na kubaka badesizio ya mbote na yina metala lusansu.
7. Scan ya mikwa: Bo lenda sala scan ya mikwa sambu na kuzaba kana kansere mepanzana na mikwa.
8. Tomographie par ordinateur (CT): Bo lenda sadila tomographie sambu na kuzaba kana kansere mepanzana na binama yankaka to na misisa yankaka.
Yo kele mfunu na kuzaba nde babakala yonso ve yina kele ti PSA mingi to yina kele ti DRE ya mbi ta vanda ti kansere ya prostate, mpi kansere ya prostate yonso ve ke salaka nde PSA kukuma mingi.
Yo yina, yo kele mfunu nde bo sala ekzame ya nitu sambu na kuzaba kana maladi kele.
Dyaka, bo kebakaka desizio ya kusala ekzame ya nitu na nima ya kutadila mambu yina ekzame yango memonisa mpi mambu yina lenda sala nde muntu yina kubaka maladi mpi mambu yina yandi kezolaka.
Saldova R, Fan Y, Fitzpatrick JM, Watson RW, Rudd PM: Core fucosylation and alpha2-3 sialylation in serum N-glycome is significantly increased in prostate cancer comparing to benign prostate hyperplasia. Glycobiology. 2011, 21 (2): 195-205.
Marenco J, Kasivisvanathan V, Emberton M: New standards in prostate biopsy. Arch Esp Urol. 2019, 72 (2): 142-149.
Moradi M, Mousavi P, Abolmaesumi P: Computer-aided diagnosis of prostate cancer with emphasis on ultrasound-based approaches: a review. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2007, 33 (7): 1010-28.
Cuperlovic-Culf M, Belacel N, Davey M, Ouellette RJ: Multi-gene biomarker panel for reference free prostate cancer diagnosis: determination and independent validation. Biomarkers. 2010, 15 (8): 693-706.
McGrath SE, Michael A, Morgan R, Pandha H: EN2: a novel prostate cancer biomarker. Biomark Med. 2013, 7 (6): 893-901.
An Y, Chang W, Wang W, Wu H, Pu K, Wu A, Qin Z, Tao Y, Yue Z, Wang P, Wang Z: A novel tetrapeptide fluorescence sensor for early diagnosis of prostate cancer based on imaging Zn2+ in healthy versus cancerous cells. J Adv Res. 2020, 24 (): 363-370.
[Consensus of Chinese experts on the application of molecular imaging targeting prostate specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2018, 56 (2): 91-94.
Zhong WD, He HC, Bi XC, Ou RB, Jiang SA, Liu LS: cDNA macroarray for analysis of gene expression profiles in prostate cancer. Chin Med J (Engl). 2006, 119 (7): 570-3.
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['Kana nge ke mona nde mambu ya nge ke tanga na site Internet na beto to na baservice na beto ke fwa banswa na nge, nge (to muntu yina ke twadisaka nge) lenda tindila beto mukanda sambu na kulomba nde beto katula yo to kukanga nzila na nge ya kusadila yo.']
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['5) na nima ya kupesa nzikisa na mukanda yina nge me sonika, nge fwete ndima nde mambu yina nge me tuba kele ya kieleka mpi nde nge kele ti nswa ya kusadila banswa yina bo me bebisa.']
['mpi (6) kidimbu ya muntu yina kele ti nswa ya kubasisa yo to ya muntu yina kele ti nswa ya kusala mambu na zina na yandi. ']
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How is prostate cancer diagnosed?
Prostate cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel the prostate for any abnormalities.
2. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: This is a blood test that measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate gland.
Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of prostate cancer.
3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): A small probe is inserted into the rectum to create an image of the prostate using sound waves.
This can help identify any abnormalities in the prostate gland.
4. Biopsy: A small sample of prostate tissue is removed and examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells.
This is the only definitive way to diagnose prostate cancer.
5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI scan of the prostate can help identify any abnormalities and guide the biopsy procedure.
6. Genomic Testing: Some doctors may use genomic tests to help determine the aggressiveness of the cancer and guide treatment decisions.
7. Bone Scan: A bone scan may be performed to check if the cancer has spread to the bones.
8. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan may be used to check if the cancer has spread to other organs or tissues.
It is important to note that not all men with elevated PSA levels or abnormal DRE results will have prostate cancer, and not all prostate cancers will cause elevated PSA levels.
Therefore, a biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Additionally, the decision to undergo a biopsy is made after considering the results of these tests and the individual's risk factors and preferences.
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