Un attacco de cheu o ven diagnosticou pe mezo de unna combinaçion de stöia da mouttia do paçiente, de un exame fixico e de de preuve diagnostiche.
I test diagnostichi ciù commun deuviæ pe diagnosticâ un attacco de cheu comprendan:
1. L'elettrocardiogramma (ECG): sto exame o misura l'attivitæ elettrica do cheu e o peu individuâ de anomalie che peuan indicâ un attacco de cheu.
2. exami do sangue: i exami do sangue peuan mesuâ i livelli de çerti enzimi e proteiñe che vëgnan rilasciæ into sangue quande o muscolo do cheu o l"é danneggiou.
E reçerche do sangue ciù commun deuviæ pe diagnosticâ un attacco cardiaco son e reçerche da troponina e da creatinchinasi (CK-MB).
3. l'ecocardiografia: sto exame o deuvia e onde sonore pe creâ unn'imagine in movimento do cheu, ch'a peu aggiuttâ i meghi à astimmâ a fonçion do cheu e à identificâ tutte e aree de danno.
4. angiografia coronäia: sto exame o comprende l'inieçion de un colorante inte arterie coronäie e a reçita de imagini à raggi X pe identificâ ògni blocco ò restringimento de arterie.
5. CT cardiaco ò MRI: Sti exami de imaging peuan fornî de imagini dettaggiæ do cheu e di seu vasoin sanguigni, che peuan aggiuttâ i meghi à identificâ de poscibile danni ò blocchi.
6. test de stress: sto test o consciste inte fâ de eserciçioin in sciô tapis roulant ò in sciâ bicicletta ferma tanto che o cheu o vëgne controllou pe vedde comme o responde a-o stress.
O peu aggiuttâ à identificâ de anomalie inta fonçion do cheu.
7. cateterismo cardiaco: sto exame invasivo o consciste inte l'intrâ un catetere inte un vaso sanguigno do brasso ò da gamba e gh'andâ drento into cheu.
Dapeu se inietta un colorante inte l'arteria coronäia pe identificâ ògni blocco ò restringimento.
Unna combinaçion de sti exami, insemme a-i scintomi do paçiente e a-a stöia da sanitæ, a peu aggiuttâ i meghi à diagnosticâ un attacco de cheu e determinâ a megio mainea de trattâlo.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
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How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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