A patofixiologia de un attacco cardiaco, conosciuo ascì comme infarto do miocardio, o comporta l'interruçion do flusso sanguigno à unna parte do muscolo do cheu, ch'o pòrta a-a mòrte de çellole do cheu.
Questo o l'avvëgne pe commun apreuvo à l'ostruçion de unn'arteria coronäia da un coagulo de sangue, ch'o l'é de spesso o resultato de l'aterosclerosi, unna condiçion donde a placca a s'accumula inte l'arteria.
A placca a l'é fæta de colesterolo, sostanse grasse, scarti de çellole, calcio e fibrina.
Quande unna placca a se rompe, a peu caxonâ a formaçion de un groppo de sangue, ch'o peu bloccâ l'artëia e impedî che o sangue ricco d'oscigeno o vagghe a-o muscolo do cheu.
Sta mancansa d'oscigeno a fa moî e çellole do muscolo do cheu, con portâ à un attacco cardiaco.
L'estenscion do danno a depende da-a dimenscion da zöna servia da l'artëa bloccâ e da-o tempo tra l'attacco e o trattamento.
I scintomi de un attacco de cheu peuan comprende do dô ò do malessere into petto, de difficortæ a respirâ, nausea, stordimento e do dô inte brasse, o còllo, a mascella ò a schena.
A cura pe un attacco de cheu pe commun a comprende o repiggio do flusso sanguigno a-o muscolo do cheu o ciù a-a lesta poscibile, ò pe mezo de di farmachi ò de proçedue comme l'angioplastia e o stent ò a chirurgia de bypass de l'arteria coronäia.
L"é importante notâ che a patofisiologia de un attacco de cheu a l"é complessa e a coinvòlze tanti fattoî, compreiso quello genetico, quello do stile de vitta e quello ambientale.
I fattoî de reisego pe l'attacco de cheu comprendan l'ipertension, o colesterolo erto, o fumme, o diabete, l'obescitæ, a farta d'attivitæ fixica e unna stöia de famiggia de mouttie do cheu.
O contròllo de sti fattoî de reisego o peu aggiuttâ à redue a probabilitæ de avei un attacco de cheu.
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What is pathophysiology of heart attack?
The pathophysiology of a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, involves the disruption of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to the death of heart cells.
This typically occurs due to the obstruction of a coronary artery by a blood clot, which is often the result of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries.
The plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.
When a plaque ruptures, it can cause a blood clot to form, which can block the artery and prevent oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart muscle.
This lack of oxygen causes the heart muscle cells to die, leading to a heart attack.
The extent of the damage depends on the size of the area supplied by the blocked artery and the time between the attack and treatment.
Symptoms of a heart attack can include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
Treatment for a heart attack usually involves restoring blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible, either through medication or procedures such as angioplasty and stenting or coronary artery bypass surgery.
It is important to note that the pathophysiology of a heart attack is complex and involves multiple factors, including genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors.
Risk factors for heart attack include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical activity, and a family history of heart disease.
Managing these risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack.
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