De pathofysiologie vaan 'n hartaanval, ouch wel miokardiale infarct geneump, behels de oontwèrking vaan de bloodstrouming nao 'n deil vaan de hartspier, wat tot de doed vaan hartcelle leijt.
Dit kump typisch veur door de obstructie vaan 'n kransslagader door 'n bloodklonter, wat dèks 't gevolg is vaan atherosclerose, 'n toestand boe plaque opbouwt in de slagaders.
De plaque besteit oet cholesterol, vètstoffe, cellulair aafvalprodukte, calcium en fibrine.
Es 'n plaque scheurt, kin 't 'n bloodklump vörme, die de ader kan blokkere en zuurstofriek blood kin verhindere de hartspier te bereike.
Dit gebrek aon zuurstof zörg d'r veur tot de hartspiercelle doedgeit, wat tot 'n hartaanval leidt.
De umvaank vaan de sjaoj hingk aof vaan de groete vaan 't gebeed wat door de geblokkeerde ader weurt gevoed en de tied tösse de aanval en de behandeling.
Symptome vaan 'n hartaanval kinne pijn of ongemak in de bors zien, kortademigheid, misselikheid, duizeligheid en pijn in de erm, nek, kaak of rug.
De behandeling veur 'n hartaanval behels miestal 't herstèlle vaan de bloodstroum nao de hartspier zoe snel meugelik, door middel vaan mediciene of procedures wie angioplastiek en stenting of coronaire bypassoperatie.
't Is belangriek te merke dat de pathofysiologie vaan 'n hartaanval complex is en väölfactoren behels, boe-oonder genetische, leefstijl en milieufactoren.
Risicofactoren veur 'n hartaanval zien hoeg bloeddruk, hoeg cholesterol, rouke, diabetes, euvergewigheid, gebrek aon lichameleke activiteit en 'n familiegesjiedenis vaan hartkrenkdes.
't Beheersje vaan dees risicofactoren kin de kans op 'n hartaanval helpe vermindere.
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Liu Chung Ming C, Sesperez K, Ben-Sefer E, Arpon D, McGrath K, McClements L, Gentile C: Considerations to Model Heart Disease in Women with Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells. 2021, 10 (4): .
Hansen J, Victor RG: Direct measurement of sympathetic activity: new insights into disordered blood pressure regulation in chronic renal failure. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1994, 3 (6): 636-43.
LaMacchia JC, Roth MB: Aquaporins-2 and -4 regulate glycogen metabolism and survival during hyposmotic-anoxic stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015, 309 (2): C92-6.
Tham YK, Bernardo BC, Ooi JY, Weeks KL, McMullen JR: Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: signaling pathways and novel therapeutic targets. Arch Toxicol. 2015, 89 (9): 1401-38.
Lonn E: The clinical relevance of pharmacological blood pressure lowering mechanisms. Can J Cardiol. 2004, 20 Suppl B (): 83B-88B.
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What is pathophysiology of heart attack?
The pathophysiology of a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, involves the disruption of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to the death of heart cells.
This typically occurs due to the obstruction of a coronary artery by a blood clot, which is often the result of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries.
The plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.
When a plaque ruptures, it can cause a blood clot to form, which can block the artery and prevent oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart muscle.
This lack of oxygen causes the heart muscle cells to die, leading to a heart attack.
The extent of the damage depends on the size of the area supplied by the blocked artery and the time between the attack and treatment.
Symptoms of a heart attack can include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
Treatment for a heart attack usually involves restoring blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible, either through medication or procedures such as angioplasty and stenting or coronary artery bypass surgery.
It is important to note that the pathophysiology of a heart attack is complex and involves multiple factors, including genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors.
Risk factors for heart attack include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical activity, and a family history of heart disease.
Managing these risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack.
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