Plaušu vieža diagnoze teik veikta, izmontojūt vairuokus testus i metodis, kuru vydā var byut:
1. Medicinys viesture i fiziskuo izpiete: uorsts vaicos par jiusu simptomim, dūmuošonys viesturi i plaušu vieža saimis viesturi.
Jī izpietej ari uorsteibu, kab nūskaidruotu kaidu slimeibu pazeimi.
2. attāluošonys testi: plaušu i apleik asūšūs strukturu detalizātūs attāluošonai parostai izmontoj krūškurvja rentgena attālus i datorizātū tomografeju (DT).
Ituos puorbaudis var paleidzēt atkluot taidus patoloģiskus procesus kai audzieji voi dzynumi, kas var nūruodeit iz plaušu vieža asameibu.
3. Sputuma citologeja: sputuma paraugs (audu, kas izkuss nu plaušu) teik izstuodeits mikroskopā, kab varātu meklēt vieža šyunys.
4. Biopseja: teik pajimts plaušu audu paraugs i apsavārts mikroskopā, kab nūsaceitu, voi tymā ir vieža šyunys.
Tū var izdareit ar bronhoskopeju, adata biopseju voi ķirurģisku biopsiju.
5. Bronhoskopeja: cauri deguna voi mutes dobā i lejā rīklē īlīk pluonu, apgaismuotu cauruli ar fotoaparatu, kab varātu izpieteit elpuošonys ceļus i plaušus.
Itū procesu var izmontuot ari, kab pajimtu audu paraugus biopsejai.
7. Torakenteze: ar adatu pajem škidrumu nu tukšuma storp plaušim i krūšu sīnu, piec tuo škidrumu pietej, voi tymā nav vieža šyunu.
8. Asins puorbaudis: Koč i asūšuos ašņa vieža diagnozi navar atkluot ar asūšom ašņa vieža puorbaudem, tuos var paleidzēt nūsaceit pacienta veseleibu kūpumā i identificēt vysys patmainis, kas varātu nūruodeit iz vieža asameibu.
Kaulu skeniešona, MR skeniešona, PET skeniešona i cytys puorbaudis: var izmontuot ituos metodis, kab nūsaceitu, voi vieža metastazis ir izaplatejušys ari iz cytom kermiņa daļom.
Kod plaušu vieža diagnoze ir īstyprynuota, var veikt papyldu testus, kab nūsaceitu vieža stadiju, kas paleidz nūsaceit zuoļu terapejis lāmumus.
Ituos izpietis var īkļaut vairuokys attāluošonys testis, par pīmāru, smedziņu tomografeju, kaulu tomografeju voi pozitronu emisejis tomografeju (PET).
Zhou P, Lu F, Wang J, Wang K, Liu B, Li N, Tang B: A portable point-of-care testing system to diagnose lung cancer through the detection of exosomal miRNA in urine and saliva. Chem Commun (Camb). 2020, 56 (63): 8968-8971.
Ni J, Guo Z, Zhang L: [The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016, 55 (1): 25-30.
Nishiyama N, Nakatani S, Iwasa R, Taguchi S, Inoue K, Kinoshita H: [Differential diagnosis between peripheral lung cancer invading the chest wall and chest-wall tumors]. Kyobu Geka. 1997, 50 (10): 893-7.
Kang C, Wang D, Zhang X, Wang L, Wang F, Chen J: Construction and Validation of a Lung Cancer Diagnostic Model Based on 6-Gene Methylation Frequency in Blood, Clinical Features, and Serum Tumor Markers. Comput Math Methods Med. 2021, 2021 (): 9987067.
Heydari F, Rafsanjani MK: A Review on Lung Cancer Diagnosis Using Data Mining Algorithms. Curr Med Imaging. 2021, 17 (1): 16-26.
Li L, Feng T, Zhang W, Gao S, Wang R, Lv W, Zhu T, Yu H, Qian B: MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics. 2020, 2020 (): 7415909.
Li B, Yuan Q, Zou YT, Su T, Lin Q, Zhang YQ, Shi WQ, Liang RB, Ge QM, Li QY, Shao Y: CA-125, CA-153, and CYFRA21-1 as clinical indicators in male lung cancer with ocular metastasis. J Cancer. 2020, 11 (10): 2730-2736.
Magee ND, Villaumie JS, Marple ET, Ennis M, Elborn JS, McGarvey JJ: Ex vivo diagnosis of lung cancer using a Raman miniprobe. J Phys Chem B. 2009, 113 (23): 8137-41.
['Atsaceišona nu: medicinys']
['Itei interneta vītne ir dūmuota tikai izgleiteibys i informacejis īmeslim, i tei nateik skaiteita par medicinys pīduovuojumu voi profesionalu pakolpuojumu.']
['Pīduovuotū informaceju nadreikst lītuot, kab diagnosticātu voi izuorstātu kaidu slimeibu, i tim, kas meklej personeigu mediciniskū padūmu, juosazynoj ar licencātu uorstu.']
['Juopīzeist, ka neironu teikls, kas generej atbiļdis iz vaicuojumim, ir eipaši napareizs, kod runoj par skaitliskū saturu, par pīmāru, par konkretu slimeibu diagnozātūs cylvāku skaitu.']
['Vysod meklejit padumu nu sova uorsta voi cyta kvalificāta uorsta, kab saprostu jiusu slimeibu. Nikod naatsakuortojit profesionalū uorsta padumu voi aizkavejit tū mekliešonu deļtuo, ka esat koč kū izlasiejs itamā interneta vītnē. Ka jiusim ruodīs, ka jiusim var byut uorsteibys uorkuortys situaceja, zvaniet 911 voi īīt tyvuokajā uorstnīceibys centrā.']
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['Paziņuojumi ir juonūsyuta e-postā (vērtīs sadaļu "Kontakti" e-posta adresei).']
['DMCA prasej, kab jiusu paziņuojumā par īspiejamu autortiesību puorkuopumu byutu īkļauta itei informaceja: (1) ar autortiesībām aizsorguotuo dorba aproksts, kas ir īspiejamuos puorkuopuma objekts; (2) īspiejamuos puorkuopuma satura aproksts i informaceja, kas ir pīteikama, kab ļautu mums atrast saturu; (3) jiusu kontaktinformaceja, tymā skaitā adrese, telefona numurs i e-posta adrese; (4) apstyprynuojums, ka jius asat puorlīcynuots, ka saturs tai, kai ir ībyldts, nav atļauts ar autortiesību eipašnīka voi juo aģenta voi kaida lykuma atbolstu; ']
['5. aplīcynuojumu, ka jiusu informaceja ir pareiza i ka jiusim ir tīseibys izmontuot autortīseibys, kuruos ir nūlīgts lītuot;']
['i 6) fizisks voi elektronisks autortīseibu turātuoja voi personas, kas ir pilnvarota dorbuotīs autortīseibu turātuoja vuordā, paraksts.']
['Lyudzu, syutiet mums e-postu ar sevkuru vaicuojumu/ieteikumu.']
How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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