Il- kanċer tal- pulmun jiġi dijanjostikat permezz taʼ kombinazzjoni taʼ testijiet u proċeduri, li jistgħu jinkludu:
1. L- istorja medika u l- eżami fiżiku: It- tabib se jistaqsi dwar is- sintomi tiegħek, l- istorja tat- tipjip, u l- istorja tal- familja taʼ kanċer tal- pulmun.
Huma se jwettqu wkoll eżami fiżiku biex jiċċekkjaw għal kwalunkwe sinjal tal- marda.
2. Testijiet tal- immaġini: X- raġġi tas- sider u l- tomografija kompjuterizzata (CT) jintużaw b'mod komuni biex jinħolqu stampi dettaljati tal- pulmun u l- strutturi tal- madwar.
Dawn it- testijiet jistgħu jgħinu biex jinstabu anormalitajiet, bħal tumuri jew noduli, li jistgħu jindikaw il- preżenza ta ' kanċer tal- pulmun.
3. Ċitoloġija tal- sputum: Kampjun tal- sputum tiegħek (mucus li jintefaʼ mill- pulmun) jiġi eżaminat taħt mikroskopju biex jinstabu ċelloli tal- kanċer.
4. Biopsja: Huwa meħud kampjun tat- tessut tal- pulmun u jiġi eżaminat taħt il- mikroskopju biex jiġi ddeterminat jekk hemmx ċelloli tal- kanċer.
Dan jista ' jsir permezz ta ' bronkoskopija, bijopsija bil- labra, jew bijopsija kirurġika.
5. Bronkoskopija: Tubu rqiq, imdawwal b'kamera jiddaħħal minn ġol-imnieħer jew mill-ħalq u 'l isfel fil-gerżuma biex jiġu eżaminati l-mogħdijiet tan-nifs u l-pulmun.
Din il-proċedura tista' tintuża wkoll biex jinġabru kampjuni tat-tessut għall-bijopsija.
6. Aspirazzjoni b' labra fina (FNA): Labra rqiqa tiddaħħal fil- nodulu jew il- massa tal- pulmun biex jinġabar kampjun taʼ ċelloli għall- eżami.
7. Thoracentesis: Il- fluwidu jitneħħa mill- spazju bejn il- pulmuni u l- ħajt tas- sider bl- użu taʼ labra, u mbagħad il- fluwidu jiġi eżaminat għal ċelloli tal- kanċer.
8. Testijiet tad- demm: Filwaqt li t- testijiet tad- demm waħedhom ma jistgħux jiddijanjostifikaw il- kanċer tal- pulmun, jistgħu jgħinu biex jiddeterminaw is- saħħa ġenerali tal- pazjent u jidentifikaw kwalunkwe anormalità li tistaʼ tindika l- preżenza taʼ kanċer.
9. Skenn tal- għadam, MRI, skenn tal- annimali domestiċi, u testijiet oħra: Dawn it- testijiet jistgħu jintużaw biex jiddeterminaw jekk il- kanċerxx mifruxx għal partijiet oħra tal- ġisem.
Ladarba jiġi dijanjostikat il- kanċer tal- pulmun, jistgħu jsiru testijiet addizzjonali biex jiġi ddeterminat l- istadju tal- kanċer, li jgħin fid- deċiżjonijiet dwar it- trattament.
Dawn it- testijiet jistgħu jinkludu aktar testijiet tal- immaġini, bħal CT scan tal- moħħ, bone scan, jew positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
Zhou P, Lu F, Wang J, Wang K, Liu B, Li N, Tang B: A portable point-of-care testing system to diagnose lung cancer through the detection of exosomal miRNA in urine and saliva. Chem Commun (Camb). 2020, 56 (63): 8968-8971.
Ni J, Guo Z, Zhang L: [The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016, 55 (1): 25-30.
Nishiyama N, Nakatani S, Iwasa R, Taguchi S, Inoue K, Kinoshita H: [Differential diagnosis between peripheral lung cancer invading the chest wall and chest-wall tumors]. Kyobu Geka. 1997, 50 (10): 893-7.
Kang C, Wang D, Zhang X, Wang L, Wang F, Chen J: Construction and Validation of a Lung Cancer Diagnostic Model Based on 6-Gene Methylation Frequency in Blood, Clinical Features, and Serum Tumor Markers. Comput Math Methods Med. 2021, 2021 (): 9987067.
Heydari F, Rafsanjani MK: A Review on Lung Cancer Diagnosis Using Data Mining Algorithms. Curr Med Imaging. 2021, 17 (1): 16-26.
Li L, Feng T, Zhang W, Gao S, Wang R, Lv W, Zhu T, Yu H, Qian B: MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics. 2020, 2020 (): 7415909.
Li B, Yuan Q, Zou YT, Su T, Lin Q, Zhang YQ, Shi WQ, Liang RB, Ge QM, Li QY, Shao Y: CA-125, CA-153, and CYFRA21-1 as clinical indicators in male lung cancer with ocular metastasis. J Cancer. 2020, 11 (10): 2730-2736.
Magee ND, Villaumie JS, Marple ET, Ennis M, Elborn JS, McGarvey JJ: Ex vivo diagnosis of lung cancer using a Raman miniprobe. J Phys Chem B. 2009, 113 (23): 8137-41.
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Riżerva ta' responsabbiltà: drittijiet tal-awtur
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Jekk temmen b'bona fidi li kwalunkwe kontenut jew materjal magħmul disponibbli b'rabta mal-websajt jew is-servizzi tagħna jikser id-drittijiet tal-awtur tiegħek, inti (jew l-aġent tiegħek) tista' tibgħatilna avviż li jitlob li l-kontenut jew il-materjal jitneħħa, jew li l-aċċess għalih jiġi mblukkat.
Id-DMCA teħtieġ li n-notifika tiegħek ta' ksur allegat tad-drittijiet tal-awtur tinkludi l-informazzjoni li ġejja: (1) deskrizzjoni tax-xogħol protett bid-drittijiet tal-awtur li huwa s-suġġett ta' ksur allegat; (2) deskrizzjoni tal-kontenut allegatament li jikser id-drittijiet tal-awtur u informazzjoni suffiċjenti biex inkunu nistgħu nsibu l-kontenut; (3) informazzjoni ta' kuntatt għalik, inkluż l-indirizz tiegħek, in-numru tat-telefon u l-indirizz tal-email; (4) dikjarazzjoni minnek li għandek twemmin ta' fidi tajba li l-kontenut bil-mod li dwaru l-ilment ġie ppreżentat mhuwiex awtorizzat mid-detentur tad-drittijiet tal-awtur, jew mill-aġent tiegħu, jew mill-operazzjoni ta' kwalunkwe liġi;
(5) stqarrija minnek, iffirmata taħt il-piena ta' perjuri, li l-informazzjoni fin-notifika hija preċiża u li għandek l-awtorità li tinforza d-drittijiet tal-awtur li huma ddikjarati li ġew miksura;
u (6) firma fiżika jew elettronika tas-sid tad-drittijiet tal-awtur jew ta' persuna awtorizzata li taġixxi f'isem is-sid tad-drittijiet tal-awtur.
In-nuqqas li tinkludi l-informazzjoni kollha ta' hawn fuq jista' jwassal għal dewmien fit-trattament tal-ilment tiegħek.
Kuntatt
Jekk jogħġbok ibgħatilna email b'kull mistoqsija / suġġeriment.
How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
Disclaimer: medical
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The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.
Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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