Bãadã bãag kʋdemd sẽn yaa to-to wã, a yĩngã vaeesgo, la b sẽn maan vaeesg n bãng bãagã sã n sɩd tara nedã n kɩt tɩ b bãng a sã n bẽeda sũur bãaga.
Makr nins b sẽn wae n maand n bãngd ned sã n bẽeda sũur bãagã yaa:
1. Sũurã tʋʋlem magbo (ECG): Mak-kãngã makda sũurã tʋʋlem sẽn yaa to-to wã, la a tõe n wilga bũmb sã n pa zems tɩ tõe n yaa sũur bãaga.
2. Zɩɩm vaeesgo: Zɩɩm vaeesg tõe n maka bũmb kẽer b sẽn boond tɩ enzyme rãmb la porotɛn dãmb sẽn yit n kẽed zɩɩmã pʋgẽ, sũur yĩngã sã n sãamã.
Zɩɩm vaeesg b sẽn wae n maand n na n bãng sũur bãag yaa troponin la creatine kinase (CK- MB) vaeesgo.
3. Sũurã sẽn maand to-to: B sã n maan woto, b tũnugda ne bũmb ning b sẽn boond tɩ échocardiogramme wã n get sũurã sẽn maand to-to wã.
4. Sũyã bãas gesgo: B sã n na n ges bãasã, b ningda bũmb sẽn ningd zɩɩmã sũyã pʋsẽ, la b rɩkd fot-rãmb n na n ges sã n pa gɩdgr n be, wall sã n yaa sũyã sẽn boogdẽ.
5. Sũurã CT bɩ MRI: B tõe n maana wopeere, n ges sũur la zɩɩm da-pɩgsã sõma, tɩ rẽ tõe n sõng logtoɛɛmbã tɩ b bãng sã n pa sãamame, wall sã n pa gɩdgame.
6. Yõ-wɩsgrã: Mak-kãngã baoodame tɩ f maan yĩn-wɩsgr ne nao-kẽndr bɩ ne weef sẽn yas yĩngri, tɩ b get f sũurã sẽn maand to-to, yɩɩrã yĩnga.
A tõe n sõngame tɩ b bãng bũmb sã n pa zems ne sũur tʋʋmã.
7. Sũurã katetɛɛr ningr: Mak-kãngã sẽn pa baood tɩ b maan woperasɩõ wã baoodame tɩ b ning katetɛɛr zɩɩm-koglg pʋgẽ, nugẽ bɩ kargẽ, n tall-a n kẽng sũurã zĩigẽ.
Rẽ poore, b ningda bũmb sẽn na n ning zɩɩmã kõab pʋsẽ, sẽn na yɩl n bãng bãas nins sẽn be wã.
Logtoɛɛmbã sã n vaees bãadã, n paas a bãagã sẽn wilgd bũmb ninsã, n bãng a sã n bẽeda sũur bãaga, b tõe n bãnga bãagã sẽn namsd-a to-to, la b bãng tɩbsg ning sẽn yaa sõma n yɩɩdã.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
['Bãngr-gomde: logtoeemdã']
['Yaa zãmsg la kibay kũun yĩng bal la b yiisd sit kãngã, la pa logtoeemdã wɛɛngẽ sagls bɩ tʋʋm-sõng maaneg yĩng ye.']
['B pa segd n tũnug ne kɩbay nins b sẽn kõ wã n bao bãag bɩ zu-loɛɛg tɩɩm ye. Sẽn dat-b tɩbsg b toor segd n tɩ yãa logtor sẽn tar sor n tõe n tɩp-ba.']
['D tẽeg tɩ b sẽn maand to-to n leokd sogsgã to-to wã pa zems ye.']
['Y sã n wa karemd bũmb sẽn be sɩtã pʋgẽ, bɩ y ra tol n yĩm tɩ y segd n tɩ gesa logtor ye. Y sã n tagsdẽ tɩ y tara yĩn-wɩsgr yell bɩ y bool 911 wall y kẽng logtor yirã.']
['Bas-m-yam: sɛbã zãab wɛɛngẽ']
['Digital Millennium Copyright Act sẽn yaa yʋʋmd 1998 soabã, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) kõta sor tɩ ned sã n tẽed tɩ bũmb sẽn be ẽntɛrnetã pʋgẽ kɩɩsda a sẽn tar sor n tõe n maan bũmb ninsã, a tõe n tɩ kos n paam n lebse.']
['Yãmb sã n tẽed ne pʋ-peelem tɩ bũmb sẽn be tõnd sɩt wɛɛbã pʋgẽ bɩ tõnd tʋʋm-noyã pʋsẽ n sãamd yãmb dʋrwa wã, yãmb (bɩ y tʋʋm-tʋmdã) tõe n toola tõnd koɛɛg n kos tɩ d yiis bũmbã wall d gɩdg tɩ y ra paam n kẽ ye.']
['B segd n tʋma koees ne ẽtɛrnetã (Ges-y ẽtɛrnetã adɛrs sẽn be babg ning sẽn yet tɩ "Tõnd sõsg zĩigã").']
['DMCA wã baoodame tɩ yãmb sẽn na n togs ned tɩ b maan-a-la bũmb sẽn kɩɩsd a sẽn tar sor n tõe n maan bũmb ningã, bɩ y wilg-a bũmb nins sẽn pʋgdã: 1) bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b maan-a bũmb ningã, 2) bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b maan-a bũmb ningã, la y wilg-d bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ d tõe n bãng a sẽn be zĩig ninga. 3) y sẽn tõe n paam ned n gom ne-a to-to, n paas y adɛrsã, telefõnnã nimero, la y e-mailã. 4) y sã n yeel tɩ y kɩsa sɩd tɩ bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ y maan bũmb ningã pa ned ning sẽn tar sor n tõe n maan bũmbã, bɩ a tʋm-tʋmdã, bɩ laloa wã sẽn kõ sor tɩ y maan ye.']
['5) Y sã n wa rat n wilg tɩ y pa tar sor n na n kɩɩs ned a to, bɩ y gʋls sebr n wilg tɩ y sẽn togsã yaa sɩda, la tɩ y tara sor n na n wilg tɩ nedã sẽn maan bũmb ning n kɩɩs yãmb dʋrwa rãmbã yaa sɩda.']
['La (6) sɛb nins sẽn tar-b sor n na n yiis sɛbã, bɩ ned sẽn tar sor n na n tʋm sɛbã yiisg yĩngã.']
['Y sã n pa gʋls kibay nins sẽn be yĩngrã, tõe n kɩtame tɩ y yẽgengã kaoos n pa sa ye.']
['Sõsg ne neda']
['Y sã n tar sokr bɩ y sẽn dat n bãnge, bɩ y gʋls-d lɛtr n tool-do.']
How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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