Ko te pathophysiology o te whakaeke ngakau, e mohiotia ana ko te myocardial infarction, ko te aukati i te rere o te toto ki tetahi waahanga o te uaua o te ngakau, ka mate nga pūtau o te ngakau.
Ko te tikanga ka puta tenei na te aukati o te taatai karauna e te toto toto, he maha nga hua o te atherosclerosis, he ahuatanga ka hanga te papa i roto i nga uaua.
Ko te papa he mea hanga i te cholesterol, i nga mea momona, i nga hua o te pūtau, i te konupūmā, i te fibrin.
Ina pakaru te papa, ka taea e ia te hanga i tētahi toto, ka ārai i te pūkaha me te ārai i te toto hāora-nui kia tae atu ki te uaua o te ngakau.
Mā tēnei kore hāora e mate ai ngā pūtau uaua o te ngākau, e ahu atu ana ki te whakaeke ngakau.
Ko te whānuitanga o te kino e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi o te rohe e tukuna ana e te arawhata kati me te wā i waenganui i te whakaeke me te maimoatanga.
Ko ngā tohu o te whakaeke ngakau ko te mamae, te mamae rānei o te uma, te manawa poto, te pōuri, te pōuri, me te mamae i ngā ringa, i te kaki, i te kauae, i te tuara rānei.
Ko te maimoatanga mo te whakaeke ngakau ko te whakahoki wawe i te rere o te toto ki te uaua o te ngakau, ma te rongoa, ma nga tikanga ranei penei i te angioplasty me te stenting, te pokanga coronary artery bypass ranei.
He mea nui kia mōhio ko te pathophysiology o te whakaeke ngakau he matatini, ā, he maha ngā take, tae atu ki te ira, te āhua noho, me ngā āhuatanga taiao.
Ko ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te whakaeke ngakau ko te pēhanga toto tiketike, te cholesterol tiketike, te kai paipa, te mate huka, te mōmona, te kore mahi tinana, me te hītori whānau o te mate ngakau.
Mā te whakahaere i ēnei āhuatanga mōrearea ka āwhina ki te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pāngia e te whakaeke ngakau.
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Liu Chung Ming C, Sesperez K, Ben-Sefer E, Arpon D, McGrath K, McClements L, Gentile C: Considerations to Model Heart Disease in Women with Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells. 2021, 10 (4): .
Hansen J, Victor RG: Direct measurement of sympathetic activity: new insights into disordered blood pressure regulation in chronic renal failure. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1994, 3 (6): 636-43.
LaMacchia JC, Roth MB: Aquaporins-2 and -4 regulate glycogen metabolism and survival during hyposmotic-anoxic stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015, 309 (2): C92-6.
Tham YK, Bernardo BC, Ooi JY, Weeks KL, McMullen JR: Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: signaling pathways and novel therapeutic targets. Arch Toxicol. 2015, 89 (9): 1401-38.
Lonn E: The clinical relevance of pharmacological blood pressure lowering mechanisms. Can J Cardiol. 2004, 20 Suppl B (): 83B-88B.
['Whakakahoretanga: hauora']
['Ko tenei paetukutuku e whakaratohia ana mo nga kaupapa ako me nga korero anake, kaore hoki e whakarato i nga tohutohu hauora, i nga ratonga ngaio ranei.']
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['Whakakahoretanga: mana pupuri']
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["Me tuku ngā whakamōhiotanga ā-tuhi mā te īmēra (tirohia te wāhanga 'Whakapā' mō te wāhitau īmēra). "]
['E hiahiatia ana e te DMCA kia whakaurua ki tō whakamōhiotanga mō te whakawātea mana pupuri i ngā mōhiohio e whai ake nei: (1) whakaahuatanga o te mahi mana pupuri e pā ana ki te whakawātea e whakapaetia ana; (2) whakaahuatanga o te ihirangi e whakapaetia ana e takahi ana me ngā mōhiohio e tika ana kia taea ai e mātou te kimi i te ihirangi; (3) mōhiohio whakapā mōu, tae atu ki tō wāhitau, tau waea me tō wāhitau īmēra; (4) he tauākī nāu e whakapono pono ana koe kāore te ihirangi i te āhua e amuamutia ana i whakamanahia e te kaipupuri mana pupuri, e tana māngai rānei, e te whakahaerenga rānei o tētahi ture; ']
['(5) he tauākī nāu i haina, i raro i te whiu o te whakapae teka, e tika ana ngā mōhiohio i roto i te whakamōhiotanga, ā, kei a koe te mana ki te whakatinana i ngā mana pupuri e kīia ana kua takahia;']
['me te (6) he waitohu ā-tinana, ā-rorohiko rānei a te kaipupuri mana pupuri, a tētahi tangata rānei kua whakamanahia ki te mahi mō te kaipupuri mana pupuri. ']
['Ki te kore e whakaurua ngā mōhiohio katoa i runga ake nei, ka whakaroa pea te tukatuka o tō amuamu.']
['Whakapā']
['Tena koa tukuna mai he imeera ki a maatau me tetahi patai / whakaaro.']
What is pathophysiology of heart attack?
The pathophysiology of a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, involves the disruption of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to the death of heart cells.
This typically occurs due to the obstruction of a coronary artery by a blood clot, which is often the result of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries.
The plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.
When a plaque ruptures, it can cause a blood clot to form, which can block the artery and prevent oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart muscle.
This lack of oxygen causes the heart muscle cells to die, leading to a heart attack.
The extent of the damage depends on the size of the area supplied by the blocked artery and the time between the attack and treatment.
Symptoms of a heart attack can include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
Treatment for a heart attack usually involves restoring blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible, either through medication or procedures such as angioplasty and stenting or coronary artery bypass surgery.
It is important to note that the pathophysiology of a heart attack is complex and involves multiple factors, including genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors.
Risk factors for heart attack include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical activity, and a family history of heart disease.
Managing these risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack.
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