How is Diabetes diagnosed?

Bolwetši bja swikiri bo lemogwa bjang?

Bolwetši bja swikiri bo lemogwa ka go dira diteko tše mmalwa tša madi tšeo di elago tekanyo ya swikiri (glucose) mading.

Diteko tše di tlwaelegilego tšeo di dirišwago go hwetša bolwetši bja swikiri ke:

1. Teko ya Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG): Teko ye e ela boemo bja swikiri ya madi ka morago ga go ikona dijo ka diiri tše 8.

Tekanyo ya swikiri ya madi ya 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) goba go feta moo e bontšha gore motho o na le bolwetši bja swikiri.

Teko ya go Kgotlelela Glucose ka Molomo (OGTT): Teko ye e ela tekanyo ya glucose ya madi pele le diiri tše 2 ka morago ga go nwa seela se se nago le swikiri.

Tekanyo ya swikiri ya madi ya 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) goba go feta moo e bontšha bolwetši bja swikiri.

3. Teko ya Glucose ya Plasma ka go se be gona ga nako: Teko ye e ka dirwa ka nako le ge e le efe gomme ga e nyake gore motho a ikone dijo.

Tekanyo ya swikiri ya madi ya 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) goba go feta moo e bontšha bolwetši bja swikiri.

4. Teko ya Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C): Teko ye e ela tekanyo ya kakaretšo ya swikiri ya madi dikgweding tše 2-3 tše di fetilego.

Tekanyo ya A1C ya 6,5% goba go feta moo e bontšha bolwetši bja swikiri.

Go bohlokwa go lemoga gore diteko tše di swanetše go boeletšwa ka letšatši le lengwe go tiišetša tlhahlobo.

Go oketša moo, mabaka a mangwe a bjalo ka maswao, histori ya tša kalafo le tlhahlobo ya mmele le ona a ka elwa hloko ge go dirwa tlhahlobo.

Ge e ba o na le dipelaelo goba dipotšišo mabapi le go hlahlobja ga bolwetši bja swikiri, go bohlokwa gore o boledišane le setsebi sa tša kalafo.

['Ditšhupetšo']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Ding L, Xu Y, Liu S, Bi Y, Xu Y: Hemoglobin A1c and diagnosis of diabetes. J Diabetes. 2018, 10 (5): 365-372.

Kalra S, Gupta Y: Diagnosis of diabetes. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015, 65 (3): 336-7.

Higgins T: HbA1c for screening and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Endocrine. 2013, 43 (2): 266-73.

Ko GT: Diagnosing diabetes mellitus in the Asian population. Hong Kong Med J. 2000, 6 (1): 53-9.

Li HY, Ma WY, Wei JN, Lin MS, Shih SR, Hung CS, Hua CH, Chuang LM: Hemoglobin A1c for the diagnosis of diabetes: To replace or to guide oral glucose tolerance tests? J Diabetes Investig. 2012, 3 (3): 259-65.

Hill J: How to diagnose diabetes. Nurs Times. , 101 (16): 28-30.

Hessler KL, Dunemn K: Laboratory diagnosis of overt type 2 diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2017, 29 (9): 521-526.

['Boikano: bja tša kalafo']

['Wepesaete ye e neetšwe feela bakeng sa go ruta le go nea tsebišo gomme ga e nee keletšo ya tša kalafo goba ditirelo tša tša kalafo.']

['Tsebišo yeo e neilwego ga se ya swanela go dirišwa bakeng sa go hlahloba goba go alafa bothata bja tša maphelo goba bolwetši, gomme bao ba nyakago keletšo ya tša kalafo ya motho ka noši ba swanetše go boledišana le ngaka yeo e nago le tumelelo.']

['Ka kgopelo lemoga gore netweke ya methapo yeo e tšweletšago dikarabo tša dipotšišo, ga e nepagale kudu ge go tliwa go diteng tša dinomoro. Ka mohlala, palo ya batho bao ba hweditšwego ba na le bolwetši bjo bo itšego.']

['Ka mehla nyaka keletšo ya ngaka ya gago goba mofani yo mongwe wa tlhokomelo ya tša maphelo yo a nago le bokgoni mabapi le boemo bja tša kalafo. Le ka mohla o se ke wa hlokomologa keletšo ya tša kalafo goba wa diega go e nyaka ka baka la selo seo o se badilego wepesaeteng ye. Ge e ba o nagana gore o ka ba o le boemong bja tšhoganetšo bja tša kalafo, leletša 911 goba o ye phapošing ya tšhoganetšo ya kgauswi le wena kapejana. Ga go na tswalano ya ngaka le molwetši yeo e bopšago ke wepesaete ye goba go e diriša. BioMedLib goba bašomi ba yona, goba motho le ge e le ofe yo a tsenyago letsogo wepesaeteng ye, ga ba dire ditshepišo le ge e le dife, e ka ba tše di boletšwego ka go lebanya goba tše di sa hlaloswago gabotse, mabapi le tsebišo yeo e neilwego mo goba go e diriša.']

['Go se tšee karolo: tokelo ya ngwalollo']

['Molao wa Digital Millennium Copyright wa 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) o nea baamogedi ba tokelo ya ngwalollo bao ba dumelago gore dilo tšeo di tšwelelago ka go Inthanete di tshwenyana le ditokelo tša bona ka tlase ga molao wa U.S. wa tokelo ya ngwalollo. ']

['Ge e ba o dumela ka potego gore diteng goba dilo tšeo di lego mabapi le wepesaete ya rena goba ditirelo di tshwenyana le tokelo ya gago ya go gatiša, wena (goba moemedi wa gago) o ka re romela tsebišo ya gore o kgopele gore diteng goba dilo tšeo di tlošwe goba gore o thibelwe go di fihlelela. ']

["Ditsebišo di swanetše go romelwa ka go ngwala ka emeile (lebelela karolo ya 'Kgokagano' go hwetša aterese ya emeile). "]

['DMCA e nyaka gore tsebišo ya gago ya go pharwa ga molao wa tokelo ya ngwalollo e akaretše tshedimošo ye e latelago: (1) tlhaloso ya mošomo wa tokelo ya ngwalollo wo o pharwago ka molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa go pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao wa pharwa ga molao.']

['(5) setatamente sa gago, seo se saennwego ka tlase ga kotlo ya go bolela maaka, gore tshedimošo yeo e lego tsebišong e nepagetše le gore o na le maatla a go phethagatša ditokelo tša mongwadi tšeo go thwego di a gatakelwa; ']

['le (6) tshaeno ya kgonthe goba ya elektroniki ya mong wa tokelo ya ngwalollo goba motho yo a dumeletšwego go dira legatong la mong wa tokelo ya ngwalollo. ']

['Go palelwa ke go akaretša tshedimošo ka moka ya ka godimo go ka dira gore go šongwa ga ngongorego ya gago go diege.']

['Go Ikgokaganya']

['Re romele imeile ka kgopelo le ge e le efe goba tšhišinyo.']

How is diabetes diagnosed?

Diabetes is diagnosed through a series of blood tests that measure the levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

The most common tests used to diagnose diabetes are:

1. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) test: This test measures the blood glucose level after fasting for at least 8 hours.

A blood glucose level of 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

2. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): This test measures blood glucose levels before and 2 hours after drinking a sweet liquid.

A blood glucose level of 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

3. Random Plasma Glucose test: This test can be done at any time and does not require fasting.

A blood glucose level of 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

4. Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C) test: This test measures the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months.

An A1C level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.

It is important to note that these tests should be repeated on a different day to confirm the diagnosis.

Additionally, other factors such as symptoms, medical history, and physical examination may also be considered in making a diagnosis.

If you have any concerns or questions about diabetes diagnosis, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional.

Disclaimer: medical

This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.

The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.

Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.

Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. No physician-patient relationship is created by this web site or its use. Neither BioMedLib nor its employees, nor any contributor to this web site, makes any representations, express or implied, with respect to the information provided herein or to its use.

Disclaimer: copyright

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the “DMCA”) provides recourse for copyright owners who believe that material appearing on the Internet infringes their rights under U.S. copyright law. If you believe in good faith that any content or material made available in connection with our website or services infringes your copyright, you (or your agent) may send us a notice requesting that the content or material be removed, or access to it blocked. Notices must be sent in writing by email (see 'Contact' section for email address) . The DMCA requires that your notice of alleged copyright infringement include the following information: (1) description of the copyrighted work that is the subject of claimed infringement; (2) description of the alleged infringing content and information sufficient to permit us to locate the content; (3) contact information for you, including your address, telephone number and email address; (4) a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the content in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, or its agent, or by the operation of any law; (5) a statement by you, signed under penalty of perjury, that the information in the notification is accurate and that you have the authority to enforce the copyrights that are claimed to be infringed; and (6) a physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf. Failure to include all of the above information may result in the delay of the processing of your complaint.