How is Heart attack diagnosed?

Ɛŋu mi̱ la ŋa̱ckɛ jɛ ɛn ɣöö ɛ juey lɔc?

Mi̱ ci̱ raan tekɛ juey lɔaac ba jɛ ŋic kɛ guäcdɛ kɛ wal tëë ci̱ tuɔɔk ni̱ wal, kɛ guäc pua̱a̱nydɛ, kɛnɛ thëm in görkɛ.

Kä thëm in di̱tni̱ jɛn in laa la̱tkɛ kɛ kui̱ kä ɣöö ba ŋa̱c i̱ ɛ juey lɔc ɛ:

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): Ɛn thɛm ɛmɛ laa jɛ laa thɛmkɛ ni̱ la̱t in lät lɔcdɛ, kä derɛ jɛ luäŋ kɛ ɣöö bɛ ta̱a̱dɛ mi̱ /ci̱ rɔ lot jek, min bi̱ jɛ jakä ŋa̱ckɛ ɛn ɣöö ci̱ lɔcdɛ dɔ̱ŋ tɛɛth.

2. Thɛm riɛm: Thɛm riɛm derɛ pek enji̱mɛni̱ kɛnɛ pröti̱i̱ni̱ tin laa wä rɛy riɛm thɛm mi̱ ci̱ puɔ̱ny lɔaac cu jiääk.

Kä thëm riɛm min ŋa̱ckɛ ɛlɔ̱ŋ mi̱ la̱tkɛ kɛ ɣöö ba jiek ɛ la mi̱ ci̱ lɔcdɛ yiathpiny ɛ thëm tröpönin kɛnɛ thëm kreatin ki̱na̱th (CK-MB).

3. Ɛkökɔardiɔgam: Ɛn thɛm ɛmɛ lätdɛ kɛ jɔw mi̱ di̱i̱t kɛ ɣöö bɛ cäät lɔaac mi̱ jäl nööŋ, min luäk ji̱äkni̱ kɛ ɣöö ba la̱t lɔaac ŋa̱c kɛnɛ ɣöö ba gua̱th tin ci̱ lɔc jiäk ŋa̱c.

4. Korönari̱ angi̱gi̱ögi̱ra̱pi̱: Ɛn ɣɔ̱n ɛmɛ laa matkɛ mi̱ laa yiɛthkɛ mi̱ laa täthkɛ rɛy riɛm kä laa naŋkɛ ni̱ thurbiɛli̱ ti̱ laa guɛckɛ ni̱ riɛm kɛ ɣöö baa duɔ̱ɔ̱p in laa yiɛthkɛ riɛm thi̱n ŋa̱c.

5. Kɔntar CT kiɛ MRI: Kɛn thɛmni̱ ti̱ti̱ laa kɛn a nööŋkɛ thurɛ ti̱ ŋuan ti̱ laa nyothɛ ta̱a̱ lɔaac kɛnɛ riɛm, tin dee ji̱äk luäk kɛ ɣöö bi̱ kɛn tin ci̱ duɔth kiɛ tin ci̱ rɔ̱ gäk ŋa̱c.

6. Thɛm mi̱ la̱tkɛ kɛ buɔ̱m: Thɛm ɛmɛ laa matɛ ni̱ la̱t mi̱ laa la̱tkɛ kɛ buɔ̱m kiɛ mi̱ laa la̱tkɛ kɛ buɔ̱m mi̱ laa guɛckɛ ni̱ ta̱a̱ in laa lo̱ckiɛn laa lät kɛ buɔ̱m.

Jɛn derɛ luäk kɛ ɣöö ba tin /ci̱ rɔ̱ lot rɛy läätdä lɔaacdɛ ŋa̱c.

7. Cardiac catheterization: Nɛmɛ ɛ mi̱ la̱tkɛ kɛ thëm mi̱ laa naŋkɛ ni̱ riɛm kä laa naŋkɛ ni̱ riɛm rɛy pua̱a̱ny ran mi̱ te tetä kiɛ ciök kä laa naŋkɛ ni̱ jɛ rɛy lo̱cni̱ ran.

Kä bi̱ dääkdɛ cu wä rɛy arteri̱ni̱ kɛ ɣöö bɛ cu ŋa̱c mi̱ ci̱ duɔ̱ɔ̱r gäk kiɛ ci̱ duɔ̱ɔ̱r cu thia̱k.

Mi̱ ca thɛmni̱ ti̱ti̱ mat kɛɛl, kɛ nyuuthni̱ jua̱th kɛnɛ tëë ci̱ tuɔɔk ni̱ wal, derɛ luäk ji̱äkni̱ ɛn ɣöö ba cu ŋa̱c ɛn ɣöö ɛ juey lo̱c kɛnɛ ɣöö ba jiek kɛ ca̱p in gɔaa ni̱ jɛn kɛ kui̱ jua̱th.

['Kuënɛ']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.

Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.

Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.

New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.

Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.

Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.

['Lät kɛ kui̱i̱ jua̱thni̱']

['Ɛn wɛbthaay ɛmɛ ca la̱th lät kɛ kui̱ ŋi̱i̱cä kɛnɛ läri kä /cɛ lot ni ɣöö ba ji̱ moc kɛ luäk ki̱mä kiɛ lät ti̱ gööl.']

['Lät kɛ läri tin ca ŋun /ca kɛ bi̱ lät kɛ ɣöö ba jua̱th jek kiɛ ba kɛ ciɛŋ, kä nɛy tin görkɛ luäk ki̱mädiɛn kärɔ̱ ba kɛ thiec kä ki̱m mi̱ tekɛ luäk ki̱mä.']

['Guic ɛ gɔaa ɛn ɣöö ɛn neural net min jak luɔc kä thie̱cni̱, /cɛ thuɔ̱k ɛlɔ̱ŋ mi̱ ci̱ ben kä nämbäri̱ tin te thi̱n. cetkɛ pek nath tin ca jek kɛ juey mi̱ rɛlrɔ.']

['Ni ciaŋ go̱ri ruac kä ki̱mdu kiɛ ram in kɔ̱ŋ mi ŋäc luäk pua̱a̱ny kɛ kui̱ jua̱thdu. /Cu ruac ki̱mdu car kiɛ jääny kɛ go̱ri kɛ kui̱ kä mi ci kuɛn kä wɛbthaay ɛmɛ. Mi caari jɛ ɛn ɣöö deri tekɛ juey mi go̱o̱ri luäk, cɔl 911 kiɛ wër guäth in thia̱k kɛ ji kɛ pɛ̈th. /Thilɛ maar kam ki̱m kɛnɛ juey mi bi̱ tuɔɔk kɛ kui̱ kä wɛbthaay ɛmɛ kiɛ la̱tdɛ. /Ci̱ BioMedLib kiɛ la̱a̱tkɛ, kiɛ ram in gɔ̱a̱r kɛ kui̱ kä wɛbthaay ɛmɛ, bi̱ ruac lat, kiɛ bi̱ ruac lat, kɛ kui̱ läri tin ca ka̱m raar rɛydɛ kiɛ la̱tdɛ.']

['Lät kɛ: ŋuɔ̱t']

['Ɛn Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (ɛ DMCA) ɛ ŋuɔ̱t mi̱ ŋun ji̱ cuŋni̱ tin ŋääth kɛn ɣöö ci̱ ŋɔaani̱ tin te kä intɛrnɛt ŋuɔ̱tkiɛn to̱l kɛ kui̱ ŋuɔ̱tni̱ cuŋni̱ tin te kä U.S.']

['Mi ca ji̱ ŋäth kɛ thuɔ̱k ɛn ɣöö tëëkɛ mi̱ ca gɔ̱r kiɛ mi̱ ca ka̱m ji̱ rɛy wɛbthaayäda kiɛ lät tin kɔ̱ŋ tin ci̱ ŋuɔ̱t tin ca gɔ̱r ya̱r, ji̱n (kiɛ ram in lät kɛ kui̱du) deri̱ kɔ jäk kä warɛgak mi̱ bi̱ ji̱ thiec ɛn ɣöö ba min ca gɔ̱r kiɛ min ca gɔ̱r woc, kiɛ ba duɔ̱ɔ̱r la̱t kɛ ɣöö bi̱ ji̱ cop thi̱n.']

['Kɛn läri̱ ba kɛ jäk kɛ wargak ɛ la i̱thtäm (guic ni̱ gua̱th in ci̱ i̱thtäm in ca gɔ̱r "Kɔntak" kɛ kui̱ i̱thtäm in ci̱ jäk).']

['DMCA go̱o̱rɛ ɣöö bi̱ ji̱n warɛgakdu lat kɛ kui̱ kä tin ca lar i̱ ci̱ ŋuɔ̱t gɛr kɛ kui̱i̱ ŋuɔ̱tni̱ gɔ̱rä mat thi̱n kɛ läär ti̱ti̱: (1) latdɛ kɛ kui̱i̱ la̱t in ca gɛr kɛ kui̱i̱ ŋuɔ̱tni̱ gɔ̱rä min ca lar i̱ ca gɛr; (2) latdɛ kɛ kui̱i̱ kä tin ca lar i̱ ci̱ ŋuɔ̱t gɛr kɛnɛ läär ti̱ ro̱ŋ kɛ ɣöö bi̱ kɔn kɛ jek; (3) läri̱ kɛ kui̱i̱ kä min dëë ji̱ luäk kɛ jek, amäni̱ ci̱ötdu, nämbärɛ kä tin ci̱ ji̱ luäk kɛ jek, kɛnɛ emaildu; (4) latdu kɛ ɣöö ci̱ ji̱n ɛ ŋa̱c ɛn ɣöö min ca gɔ̱r kɛ kui̱i̱ kä tin ca lar /ci̱kɛ bi̱ lät kɛ luäkdɛ ɛ gua̱n ŋuɔ̱tni̱ gɔ̱rä, kiɛ ɛ la̱tdɛ, kiɛ kɛ luäk ŋuɔ̱tni̱; ']

['(5) mi ci ji gɔr piny kɛ kuic kä ɣöö bi ji ruac kɛ thuɔ̱k, ɛn ɣöö läri tin ca gɔr ɛ thuɔ̱k kä te ji kɛ lua̱ŋ kɛ ɣöö bi yiöw tin ca gɔr piny tin ca lar ɛ ji̱n ka̱m raar;']

['kɛnɛ (6) mi̱ ca gɔ̱r piny ɛ gua̱n ŋuɔ̱tni̱ kiɛ ram mi̱ tekɛ lua̱ŋ kɛ lät kɛ kui̱dɛ.']

['Mi /kenɛ läri tin ca lat nhial diaal mat thi̱n dɔ̱ŋ derɛ ku lɛ wɔ̱ jɔ̱ɔ̱r kɛ lätni̱ kɛ kɛ.']

['Röm kɛ jɛ']

['Thiecɛ kɔ kɛ email kɛ thiecni kiɛ cär.']

How is heart attack diagnosed?

A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.

The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.

2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.

The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.

3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.

4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.

5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.

6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.

It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.

7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.

Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.

A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.

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