Lo càncer del palmon se diagnostica mejans una combinason de tèsts e procediments, que pòdon inclure:
1. Istoric medical e examèn fisic: Lo mètge vos demandarà sus vòstres simptòmas, istòria de tabagisme, e istòria familiala de càncer de palmon.
Tanben realizarà un examèn fisic per verificar los signes de la malautiá.
2. examèns d'imatges: los rais X del pitre e la tomografia computada (TC) son mai sovent utilizats per crear d'imatges detalhadas dels palmons e estructuras a l'entorn.
Aqueles tèsts pòdon ajudar a detectar las anomalias, coma las tumors o los noduls, que pòdon indicar la preséncia de càncer de palmon.
3. Citologia de l'escut: Una mòstra de l'escut (mucus cossit dels palmons) es examinada jos un microscòpi per cercar las cellulas cancerosas.
4. Biopsia: Una mòstra de teissut pulmonar es levada e examinada jos un microscòpi per determinar se i a de cellulas cancerosas.
Aquò se pòt far per broncoscopia, biopsia amb agulha, o biopsia quirurgicala.
5. Broncoscopia: Un tub prim, luminós amb una camèra es inserit pel nas o la boca e jos la garganta per examinar las vias respiratòrias e los palmons.
Aqueste procediment pòt tanben èsser utilizat per prene de mòstras de teissuts per biopsia.
6. Aspiracion amb agulha prima (FNA): Una agulha prima es inserida dins lo nodul o la massa pulmonara per prene un escapolon de cellulas per l'examen.
7.Toracentèsi: Lo fluid es levat de l'espaci entre los palmons e la paret del pitre amb una agulha, e lo fluid es enseguida examinat per las cellulas cancerosas.
8. Analisis sanguinas: Alara que los analisis sanguins sols pòdon pas diagnosticar lo càncer de palmon, pòdon ajudar a determinar l'estat general de santat del pacient e identificar las anomalias que poirián indicar la preséncia de càncer.
9. Teste osse, TME, PET, e d'autres tèsts: Aquestes tèsts pòdon èsser utilizats per determinar se lo càncer s'espandiguèt a d'autras partidas del còrs.
Un còp lo càncer del palmon diagnosticat, de tèsts addicionals pòdon èsser realizats per determinar l'estadi del càncer, çò qu'ajuda a orientar las decisions de tractament.
Aqueles tèsts pòdon inclure mai d'imatges, coma una tomografia computerizada del cervèl, una tomografia ossa o una tomografia d'emission de positron (PET).
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How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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