Say urticaria, a kabkabat met bilang hives, et sakit ed baog a pakabidbiran na saray ambalanga, mansasakit, tan linmarag a piglat ed baog.
Nayarin lapud nanduruman rason, singa say allergy, impeksion, tan pigaran tambal.
Say pan-diagnose ed urticaria et mangilalanor ed kombinasyon na awaran na sakit, pisikal ya eksaminasyon, tan no maminsan et diad saray eksamin ed laboratoryo.
1. Medikal ya awaran: Tepetan na doktor so pasyente nipaakar ed medikal ya awaran to, pati saray allergy to, agano nin impansakit to, tan saray inusar ton tambal.
Tepetan da ka met no kapigan ginmapo iray sintomas, kabayag la iratan, tan anto ray posiblin rason.
2. Panangusisa ed laman: Usisaen na doktor so baog pian nanengneng to no wala ray piglat, kabaleg, tan inkaapag na saratan.
Nayarin nengnengen da met no wala ni arum a pakapatnagan na allergy, a singa say intagey na lupa, bibil, odino dila.
3. Saray eksamin ed laboratoryo: Diad arum a kaso, nayarin ipaeksamin na doktor so dala pian naseguro no wala ray allergy odino impeksion.
Nayarin gawaen met iray skin test, a singa say skin prick test odino patch test, pian naamtaan iray allergen.
4. Allergy test: No say doktor et panduaruwaan ton walay allergy na pasyente, nayarin ipaarap to ed sakey ya allergist pian manpa-test.
Nayarin laktipen na saya so pan-prick test, patch test, odino blood test pian naamtaan iray allergen.
5. Pangibiig ed sakit: Konsideraen met na doktor so arum niran posiblin sengegan na saray sintomas, a singa say arum a sakit ed baog odino arum nin medikal a kondisyon, tan nayarin manggawa na kaaruman iran eksamin pian ekalen iratan.
6. Provocation tests: Diad saray kaso na pisikal ya urticaria, a saray bigis et lapud pisikal a pakaseseg a singa say petang, betel, odino pakakadetdet, nayarin gawaen na doktor so provocation test pian nakompirma so diagnosis.
Pian naamtaan no antoy reaksion na laman, i-expose so laman ed posiblin panlalapuan na sakit.
7. Autoimmune tests: Diad saray kaso na chronic urticaria, nayarin ipa-test na doktor pian nasuri no wala ray sakit ya epekto na immune system, lapud no maminsan et saratan so pansesengegan na satan.
8. Imaging tests: Diad mataltalag iran kaso, nayarin ipa-X ray odino CT scan pian naamtaan no wala ni arum a sakit a nayarin pansengegan na ontan iran sintomas.
Diad inkalapagan, say pan-diagnose na urticaria et mangilalanor ed kombinasyon na medical history, pisikal ya eksamin, tan no maminsan et diad saray laboratory test.
Say gagala et pian naamtaan so manunan sengegan tan naamtaan so sankaabigan ya paraan na pantambal ed pasyente.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
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How is urticaria diagnosed?
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
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