Kanser di pulmon ta keda diagnostiká dor di un kombinashon di tèst i prosedura, ku por inkluí:
1. Historia médiko i eksamen físiko: e dòkter lo puntra bo tokante bo síntoma, historia di humamentu i historia familiar di kanser di pulmon.
Tambe nan ta hasi un eksamen físiko pa wak si tin señal di e malesa.
2. tèstnan di imágen: ta hasi uso di radiografia di pechu i tomografia komputá (CT) pa saka imágennan di pulmon i e struktura rondó di esaki.
E tèstnan akí por yuda detektá anomalía, manera tumor òf nódulo, ku por indiká kanser di pulmon.
3. Sitologia di sputum: Un muestra di bo sputum (mukus ku bo a skupi for di pulmon) ta ser eksaminá bou di un mikroskopo pa wak si tin sèlnan di kanser.
4. Biopsia: Ta saka un muestra di e tehido pulmonar i ta eksamin'é bou di un mikroskopo pa determiná si tin sèlnan di kanser.
Esaki por sosodé via di un bronkoskopia, biopsia ku angua òf biopsia ku sirugia.
5. Bronkoskopia: Un tubo fini ku lus i un kámara ta wòrdu hinka dor di nanishi òf boka i bai abou den garganta pa eksaminá e kanalnan di rosea i pulmon.
E prosedura aki por wòrdu uzá tambe pa kolektá muestra di tehido pa biopsia.
6. Aspirashon ku angua fini (FNA): Ta hinka un angua fini den e nodu òf masa di pulmon pa kolektá un muestra di sèl pa eksaminashon.
7. Thoracentesis: Ta saka likido for di e espasio entre pulmon i e muraya di pechu ku un angua, i despues ta analisá e likido pa wak si tin sèlnan di kanser.
8. Análisis di sanger: Aunke un análisis di sanger so no por diagnostiká kanser di pulmon, e por yuda determiná e salú general di e pashènt i identifiká kualke anomalia ku por indiká kanser.
9. Bone scan, MRI, PET scan i otro tèst: Por hasi uso di e tèstnan akí pa determiná si kanser a plama na otro parti di kurpa.
Ora diagnostica cancer di pulmon, por haci test adicional pa determina e etapa di e cancer, cu ta yuda guia decisionnan di tratamento.
E tèstnan aki por inkluí mas tèst di imágen, manera un CT scan di e serebro, un bone scan, òf un positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
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