Sɛ obi nya komayare a, nea wɔde hu ne sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ ne yare ho nsɛm mu, wɔbɛhwɛ no mu, na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahu nea ɛhaw no.
Nneɛma a wɔtaa yɛ de hwehwɛ komayare mu no bi ne:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): Saa nhwehwɛmu yi susuw sɛnea koma no mu anyinam ahoɔden yɛ adwuma no ho, na ebetumi ama wɔahu sɛ ebia komayare bi na ɛrehaw no.
2. Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu betumi ama wɔahu nnuru ne ahoɔdennuru bi a ɛba mogya mu bere a komayare bi ayɛ komayare no.
Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔtaa yɛ de hu komayare ne troponin ne creatine kinase (CK-MB) mu nhwehwɛmu.
3. Echocardiogram: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi de nnyigyei a ano yɛ den yɛ adwuma de twa koma no mfonini, na etumi boa nnuruyɛfo ma wohu sɛnea koma no yɛ adwuma ne baabi a asɛe.
4. Ahon ntini mu mogya a wɔhwehwɛ: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde aduru bi hyɛ ntini no mu na wɔde X-ray twa ho mfonini de hu sɛ ntini no mu ayɛ den anaa asiw.
5. Koma CT anaa MRI: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi betumi ama wɔanya koma no ne ne ntini ahorow ho mfonini pii, na ebetumi aboa nnuruyɛfo ma wɔahu sɛ biribi asɛe anaa ɛretwa.
6. Adwennwen ho sɔhwɛ: Saa sɔhwɛ yi hwehwɛ sɛ obi de afiri a wɔde nantew anaa sakre a esi hɔ yɛ adwuma bere a wɔhwɛ sɛnea koma no yɛ n'ade wɔ adwennwen ho no.
Ebetumi aboa ma wɔahu sɛ koma no nyɛ adwuma yiye.
7. Koma mu ade a wɔde fa ntini mu: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde ntini bi fa ntini bi a mogya fa mu wɔ nsa anaa nan mu mu de kɔ koma no mu.
Afei wɔde aduru gu mogya ntini no mu de hwɛ sɛ biribi asi anaa emu ayɛ ketewa anaa.
Sɛ nnuruyɛfo hwehwɛ nneɛma yi nyinaa mu, na wɔhwɛ nea ɛrehaw ɔyarefo no ne sɛnea ne yare no te a, ebetumi aboa wɔn ma wɔahu sɛ komayare bi na abɔ no, na wɔahu ayaresa a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ma no.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
['Nsɛm a Ɛnsɛ sɛ Wɔka:']
['Wɔayɛ wɛbsaet yi sɛ wɔmfa nkyerɛkyerɛ na wɔmfa nkyerɛkyerɛ afoforo, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔde rema aduruyɛ ho afotu anaa wɔde rema adwuma.']
['Ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde nsɛm a wɔde ama no di dwuma de hwehwɛ yare bi ho yare anaa wɔde sa yare, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔrehwehwɛ ayaresa ho afotu no kohu oduruyɛfo a ɔwɔ tumi krataa.']
['Yɛsrɛ wo hyɛ no nsow sɛ, sɛnea wɔhwɛ nsɛmmisa no so no, sɛ ɛba sɛ wɔrekyerɛw nnipa dodow a wɔanya yare bi ho asɛm a, ɛntaa nsi yiye.']
['Hwehwɛ afotu fi wo duruyɛfo anaa ɔyaresafo foforo a ɔfata hɔ bere biara wɔ yare bi ho. Nnya adwene sɛ wo nsa bɛka oduruyɛfo afotu anaasɛ wubetwa so esiane biribi a woakenkan wɔ wɛbsaet yi so nti. Sɛ wususuw sɛ ebia wo ho behia wo wɔ ayaresa mu a, frɛ 911 anaa kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo paa ntɛm ara.']
['Nsɛm a wɔmmɔ ho ban:']
['Digital Millennium Copyright Act a wɔhyɛe wɔ afe 1998 mu, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) no ma wɔn a wɔwɔ hokwan sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn nneɛma no kwan sɛ wɔyɛ nea wɔpɛ biara.']
["Sɛ wugye di sɛ nsɛm anaa nneɛma a ɛwɔ yɛn wɛbsaet anaa yɛn dwumadibea no mu bi to wo mmara a wode bɔɔ nneɛma ho ban no a, wo (anaa w'ananmusifo) betumi de krataa akɔma yɛn de aka sɛ yɛnyi nsɛm anaa nneɛma no, anaa yɛmmɔ kwan mma wonnya bi."]
["Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde krataa ne email na ɛbɔ amanneɛ (hwɛ 'Contact' afã hɔ na wubehu email address)."]
['DMCA hwehwɛ sɛ wo amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa nea wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ mmara a wobu so ho no de nsɛm a edidi so yi ka ho: (1) adwuma a mmara bɔ ho ban a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔadi so no ho asɛm; (2) nsɛm a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔadi so no ho asɛm ne nsɛm a ɛbɛboa yɛn ma yɛahu baabi a ɛwɔ; (3) wo ho nsɛm a yɛde bedi nkitaho, a wo address, telefon nɔma ne email address ka ho; (4) wo nsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wugye di sɛ nea wɔabɔ ho sobo no nyɛ nea mmara ma ho kwan; ']
['(5) wo nsahyɛ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nsɛm a ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu yɛ nokware, na wowɔ tumi sɛ wode nea wɔkyerɛ sɛ woadi ho dwuma no bedi dwuma; ']
['ne (6) nea ɔwɔ tumi sɛ ɔyɛ biribi ma obi a ɔwɔ tumi sɛ ɔyɛ biribi ma no no nsaano nkyerɛwee.']
['Sɛ woamfa nsɛm a yɛaka yi nyinaa anka ho a, ebetumi ama wo ka no akyɛ.']
['Nkitahodi']
['Yɛsrɛ wo, fa nsɛmmisa anaa nyansahyɛ biara a wowɔ brɛ yɛn wɔ e-mail so.']
How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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