Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa ahoɔmmerɛw kotoku mu kokoram?
Ayaresa pii wɔ hɔ a wobetumi de asa obi kokoram, na egyina kokoram no mu a wanya ne sɛnea ɛyɛ den no so, na egyina ɔyarefo no akwahosan ne n'ankasa apɛde so.
Ayaresa ahorow a wɔtaa de ma no bi ne:
1. Akwanhwɛ a wɔyɛ no ntɛm: Saa kwan yi fa so hwɛ kokoram no yiye denam nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa so sen sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ ase asa no yare ntɛm ara.
Ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛfata ma mmarima a wɔwɔ ahoɔmmerɛw mu kokoram a enni mu pii.
2. Ayaresa: Obi a wɔyɛ no oprehyɛn yi ahobae kotoku no fi ne nipadua mu.
Wotumi yɛ oprehyɛn a wɔmmue no mu anaa laparoscopically (wɔfa kwan a wɔatwa no kakraa bi so de nnwinnade soronko yɛ).
3. Radiation therapy: Saa ayaresa yi de ahoɔden a ano yɛ den a ano yɛ den na ekum kokoram nkwammoaa.
Wobetumi de ama no wɔ baabi foforo (wɔ afiri bi a ɛwɔ nipadua no akyi) anaa wɔ ne mu (wɔ biribi a wɔde hyɛ ne mu a wɔde to baabi a kokoram no wɔ no).
4. Ayaresa a wɔde nkwammoaa mu nnuru yɛ: Saa ayaresa yi ma mmarima nkwammoaa mu nnuru (androgen) a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu so tew, na ebetumi ama ahobae kotoku mu kokoram no anyin brɛ ase anaa agyae.
Wobetumi de adi dwuma nkutoo anaa wɔaka nnuru afoforo ho.
5. Chemotherapy: Saa ayaresa yi de nnuru di dwuma de kunkum kokoram nkwammoaa.
Wobetumi de adi dwuma wɔ ahobae kotoku mu kokoram a atu atrɛw akɔ nipadua no afã foforo no ho.
6. Akwahosan a wɔde ko tia nyarewa: Saa ayaresa yi boa nipadua no akwahosan ma ko tia kokoram.
Wobetumi de adi dwuma wɔ ahobae kotoku mu kokoram a ɛrekɔ n'anim a nnuru foforo ntumi nsa no ho.
7. Ayaresa a wɔde di dwuma pɔtee: Saa ayaresa yi de di dwuma pɔtee wɔ awosu anaa protein ahorow a ɛboa ma kokoram nkwammoaa nyin na ɛtra nkwa mu no ho.
Wobetumi de adi dwuma wɔ ahobae kotoku mu kokoram a ɛrekɔ n'anim a nnuru foforo ntumi nsa no ho.
8. Cryotherapy: Saa ayaresa yi de awɔw a ano yɛ den na ɛma kokoram nkwammoaa mu yɛ nwini na ekum.
Ebetumi ayɛ obi a wanya kokoram a ɛwɔ ne dwensɔtwaa mu a ne yare no afi ase anaa kokoram a asan ayi ne ti bere a wɔafa akwan foforo so asa no yare.
9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): Saa aduru yi de nnyigyei a ano yɛ den na ɛhyew kokoram nkwammoaa no na ɛsɛe.
Ebetumi ayɛ obi a wanya kokoram a ɛwɔ ne dwensɔtwaa mu a ne yare no afi ase anaa kokoram a asan ayi ne ti bere a wɔafa akwan foforo so asa no yare.
10. Hwɛ a wɔhwɛ no yiye: Saa kwan yi fa so hwɛ kokoram no yiye denam nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa so, nanso wɔmfa nni dwuma gye sɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne no da adi anaa ɛsakra ansa.
Ebetumi ayɛ papa ama mmarima a wɔn mfe akɔ anim a wɔwɔ ahobae kotoku mu kokoram a enyin nkakrankakra ne nyarewa foforo a emu yɛ den.
Ɛho hia sɛ wo ne ayaresa kuw no susuw ayaresa ho akwan a wobetumi afa so no ho na ama wɔahu nea eye paa a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wɔ asɛm biara ho.
Wang Y, Chen J, Wu Z, Ding W, Gao S, Gao Y, Xu C: Mechanisms of enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer and therapeutic strategies to overcome it. Br J Pharmacol. 2021, 178 (2): 239-261.
Talkar SS, Patravale VB: Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021, 21 (3): 385-396.
Šamija I, Fröbe A: CHALLENGES IN MANIPULATING IMMUNE SYSTEM TO TREAT PROSTATE CANCER. Acta Clin Croat. 2019, 58 (Suppl 2): 76-81.
Akaza H, Hinotsu S, Usami M, Ogawa O, Kagawa S, Kitamura T, Tsukamoto T, Naito S, Hirao Y, Murai M, Yamanaka H, Namiki M: The case for androgen deprivation as primary therapy for early stage disease: results from J-CaP and CaPSURE. J Urol. 2006, 176 (6 Pt 2): S47-9.
Abraham-Miranda J, Awasthi S, Yamoah K: Immunologic disparities in prostate cancer between American men of African and European descent. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2021, 164 (): 103426.
de Vrij J, Willemsen RA, Lindholm L, Hoeben RC, Bangma CH, Barber C, Behr JP, Briggs S, Carlisle R, Cheng WS, Dautzenberg IJ, de Ridder C, Dzojic H, Erbacher P, Essand M, Fisher K, Frazier A, Georgopoulos LJ, Jennings I, Kochanek S, Koppers-Lalic D, Kraaij R, Kreppel F, Magnusson M, Maitland N, Neuberg P, Nugent R, Ogris M, Remy JS, Scaife M, Schenk-Braat E, Schooten E, Seymour L, Slade M, Szyjanowicz P, Totterman T, Uil TG, Ulbrich K, van der Weel L, van Weerden W, Wagner E, Zuber G: Adenovirus-derived vectors for prostate cancer gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 2010, 21 (7): 795-805.
Lee E, Ha S, Logan SK: Divergent Androgen Receptor and Beta-Catenin Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One. 2015, 10 (10): e0141589.
['Nsɛm a Ɛnsɛ sɛ Wɔka:']
['Wɔayɛ wɛbsaet yi sɛ wɔmfa nkyerɛkyerɛ na wɔmfa nkyerɛkyerɛ afoforo, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔde rema aduruyɛ ho afotu anaa wɔde rema adwuma.']
['Ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde nsɛm a wɔde ama no di dwuma de hwehwɛ yare bi ho yare anaa wɔde sa yare, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔrehwehwɛ ayaresa ho afotu no kohu oduruyɛfo a ɔwɔ tumi krataa.']
['Yɛsrɛ wo hyɛ no nsow sɛ, sɛnea wɔhwɛ nsɛmmisa no so no, sɛ ɛba sɛ wɔrekyerɛw nnipa dodow a wɔanya yare bi ho asɛm a, ɛntaa nsi yiye.']
['Hwehwɛ afotu fi wo duruyɛfo anaa ɔyaresafo foforo a ɔfata hɔ bere biara wɔ yare bi ho. Nnya adwene sɛ wo nsa bɛka oduruyɛfo afotu anaasɛ wubetwa so esiane biribi a woakenkan wɔ wɛbsaet yi so nti. Sɛ wususuw sɛ ebia wo ho behia wo wɔ ayaresa mu a, frɛ 911 anaa kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo paa ntɛm ara.']
['Nsɛm a wɔmmɔ ho ban:']
['Digital Millennium Copyright Act a wɔhyɛe wɔ afe 1998 mu, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (DMCA) no ma wɔn a wɔwɔ hokwan sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn nneɛma no kwan sɛ wɔyɛ nea wɔpɛ biara.']
["Sɛ wugye di sɛ nsɛm anaa nneɛma a ɛwɔ yɛn wɛbsaet anaa yɛn dwumadibea no mu bi to wo mmara a wode bɔɔ nneɛma ho ban no a, wo (anaa w'ananmusifo) betumi de krataa akɔma yɛn de aka sɛ yɛnyi nsɛm anaa nneɛma no, anaa yɛmmɔ kwan mma wonnya bi."]
["Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde krataa ne email na ɛbɔ amanneɛ (hwɛ 'Contact' afã hɔ na wubehu email address)."]
['DMCA hwehwɛ sɛ wo amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa nea wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ mmara a wobu so ho no de nsɛm a edidi so yi ka ho: (1) adwuma a mmara bɔ ho ban a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔadi so no ho asɛm; (2) nsɛm a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔadi so no ho asɛm ne nsɛm a ɛbɛboa yɛn ma yɛahu baabi a ɛwɔ; (3) wo ho nsɛm a yɛde bedi nkitaho, a wo address, telefon nɔma ne email address ka ho; (4) wo nsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wugye di sɛ nea wɔabɔ ho sobo no nyɛ nea mmara ma ho kwan; ']
['(5) wo nsahyɛ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nsɛm a ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu yɛ nokware, na wowɔ tumi sɛ wode nea wɔkyerɛ sɛ woadi ho dwuma no bedi dwuma; ']
['ne (6) nea ɔwɔ tumi sɛ ɔyɛ biribi ma obi a ɔwɔ tumi sɛ ɔyɛ biribi ma no no nsaano nkyerɛwee.']
['Sɛ woamfa nsɛm a yɛaka yi nyinaa anka ho a, ebetumi ama wo ka no akyɛ.']
['Nkitahodi']
['Yɛsrɛ wo, fa nsɛmmisa anaa nyansahyɛ biara a wowɔ brɛ yɛn wɔ e-mail so.']
How to treat prostate cancer?
There are several treatment options available for prostate cancer, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and personal preferences.
Some common treatments include:
1. Active surveillance: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, rather than immediately starting treatment.
It may be suitable for men with low-risk prostate cancer.
2. Surgery: A prostatectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the prostate gland.
It can be done through open surgery or laparoscopically (using small incisions and specialized tools).
3. Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.
It can be delivered externally (from a machine outside the body) or internally (through implants placed near the tumor).
4. Hormone therapy: This treatment reduces the levels of male hormones (androgens) in the body, which can slow or stop the growth of prostate cancer.
It can be used alone or in combination with other treatments.
5. Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
6. Immunotherapy: This treatment helps the immune system fight cancer.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
7. Targeted therapy: This treatment targets specific genes or proteins that help cancer cells grow and survive.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
8. Cryotherapy: This treatment uses extreme cold to freeze and kill cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): This treatment uses high-frequency sound waves to heat and destroy cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
10. Watchful waiting: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, but not starting treatment unless symptoms appear or change.
It may be suitable for older men with slow-growing prostate cancer and other serious health conditions.
It is important to discuss all treatment options with a healthcare team to determine the best course of action for each individual case.
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['Ɛfa ho']
['BioMedLib de kɔmputa a wɔde di dwuma (mfidie a wɔde sua ade) na ɛma nsɛmmisa ne mmuae.']
['Yɛde nhoma ahorow a ɛfa nnuruyɛ mu ɔpepem 35 a ɛwɔ PubMed/Medline ne RefinedWeb mu na efii ase.']
