Penyakit Alzheimer inggih punika kelainan neurodegeneratif progresif sané utaminnyané nglalahang otak, ngawinang ingatan ical, kognitif sayan ngreredang, miwah parilaksana sayan ngrubah.
Penyebab sané pastika saking penyakit Alzheimer durung prasida karesepang, nanging kasengguh mawit saking kombinasi faktor genetik, lingkungan, miwah gaya hidup.
Makudang-kudang faktor sane prasida ngawetuang panglimbak penyakit Alzheimer minakadi:
1. Genetika: Gen-gen tertentu sampun kauningin sane nincapang risiko nglimbak penyakit Alzheimer, utaminnyane gen apolipoprotein E (APOE).
2. Umur: Risiko ngamolihang penyakit Alzheimer sayan nincap nganutin yusa, antuk katahan anake sané keni penyakit puniki sasampun mayusa 65 warsa.
3. Sejarah kulawarga: madué riwayat kulawarga antuk penyakit Alzheimer prasida nincapang risiko nglimbakang kahanan punika.
4. Luka ring sirah: Sejarah luka ring sirah, utaminnyané sané ngawinang ipun éling, prasida nincapang baya ngamolihang penyakit Alzheimer.
5. Faktor risiko kardiovaskular: Kahanan sakadi tekanan darah tinggi, kolesterol tinggi, miwah diabetes prasida nincapang risiko nglimbakang penyakit Alzheimer.
6. Gaya hidup: Gaya hidup sane nenten aktif, diet sane nenten becik, miwah kirang stimulasi mental prasida nincapang risiko penyakit Alzheimer.
7. Peradangan: Peradangan kronis ring otak prasida ngawinang panglimbak penyakit Alzheimer.
8. Stress oksidatif: Ketimpangan pantaraning produksi radikal bebas miwah kemampuan awak anggen detoksifikasi prasida ngawinang panglimbak penyakit Alzheimer.
9. Plak amiloid miwah kusut neurofibrillary: Akumulasi plak amiloid miwah kusut neurofibrillary ring otak inggih punika cihna saking penyakit Alzheimer, nanging peran ipun ring panglimbak kawentenan punika durung karesepang.
Penting pisan mangda uning indik panyebab penyakit Alzheimer punika kompleks miwah minab ngeranayang kombinasi saking faktor-faktor puniki.
Vellas B, Andrieu S, Cantet C, Dartigues JF, Gauthier S: Long-term changes in ADAS-cog: what is clinically relevant for disease modifying trials in Alzheimer? J Nutr Health Aging. , 11 (4): 338-41.
Braak E, Griffing K, Arai K, Bohl J, Bratzke H, Braak H: Neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease: what is new since A. Alzheimer? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1999, 249 Suppl 3 (): 14-22.
Kovacs GG: Can Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease unravel the mysteries of Alzheimer? Prion. 2016, 10 (5): 369-376.
Cankurtaran M, Yavuz BB, Cankurtaran ES, Halil M, Ulger Z, Ariogul S: Risk factors and type of dementia: vascular or Alzheimer? Arch Gerontol Geriatr. , 47 (1): 25-34.
Mahami-Oskouei M, Hamidi F, Talebi M, Farhoudi M, Taheraghdam AA, Kazemi T, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Fallah E: Toxoplasmosis and Alzheimer: can Toxoplasma gondii really be introduced as a risk factor in etiology of Alzheimer? Parasitol Res. 2016, 115 (8): 3169-74.
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What causes alzheimer?
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the brain, causing memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes.
The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
Some of the factors that may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease include:
1. Genetics: Certain genes have been identified that increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, particularly the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene.
2. Age: The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease increases with age, with most people being diagnosed after the age of 65.
3. Family history: Having a family history of Alzheimer's disease may increase the risk of developing the condition.
4. Head injuries: A history of head injuries, particularly those that result in loss of consciousness, may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
5. Cardiovascular risk factors: Conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
6. Lifestyle factors: A sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, and lack of mental stimulation may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
7. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the brain may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
8. Oxidative stress: An imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's ability to detoxify them may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
9. Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles: The accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, but the role they play in the development of the condition is not fully understood.
It is important to note that the cause of Alzheimer's disease is complex and likely involves a combination of these factors.
Research is ongoing to better understand the underlying mechanisms and develop effective treatments for this devastating condition.
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