Bushe ubulwele bwa kansa ya ku bapwapwa bwishibikwa shani?
Kansa ya kuli bapwapwa baishiba ukupitila mu kupima kwalekanalekana no kucitapo fimo pamo nga:
1. Ubulwele mwalilwala kale no kumupima: Dokota akamwipusha pa fyo muleumfwa, nga mwalitala amuponyapo fwaka, e lyo na balupwa lwenu abakwata kansa ya kuli bapwapwa.
Kabili bakalamupima no kumona nga kuti amoneka ifishibilo fya bulwele.
2. Ukufwailisha ifikope: Ukubomfya ifya kupima ifyaba mu cifuba ukubomfya X-ray na CT (computed tomography) e filenga umuntu ukumona bwino bwino ifipuma ne fyaba mupepi.
Uku kuceeceeta kuti kwalenga umuntu ukwishiba ifilundwa fya mubili ifingalenga umuntu aba no bulwele bwa kansa.
3. Ukufwailisha pa fyo ifumo lya muntu lyapangwa: Ukufwailisha pa fyo ifumo lya muntu lyapangwa (umuti wa mu bapwapwa) kulapimwa ukubomfya microscope pa kuti bamone nga muli insandesande sha kansa.
4. Ukubuula: Ukubuula icilundwa ca mu bapwapwa no kuciceeceeta pa microscope pa kuti bamone nga muli kansa.
5. Bronchoscopy: Umuti unono, uwaba na kamera baubika mu myona nelyo mu kanwa no kuubika mu kanwa pa kuti bamone ifyaba mu mwela ne fyaba mu bapwapwa.
Iyi nshila kuti yabomfiwa no kusenda ifilundwa fya mubili pa kuti bapime.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): Insandesande sha mu bapwapwa shilasangwa mu mushishi pa kuti bashikame.
7. Thoracentesis: Bafumya amenshi mu kati ka bapwapwa na pa cifuba ukubomfya inindamu, kabili bayaceeceeta amenshi pa kuti bamone nga mwaliba insandesande sha kansa.
8. Ukupimwa umulopa: Nangu ca kuti ukupimwa fye umulopa te kuti kwishibe kansa ya ku bapwapwa, kuti kwafwa ukwishiba ubumi bwa mulwele no kwishiba ifishibilo fya kuti alikwata kansa.
9. Ukufwailisha kwa mafupa, MRI, PET scan, na fimbipo: Uku kufwailisha kuti kwabomfiwa pa kwishiba nga ca kuti kansa yasalanganina ku filundwa fimbi ifya mubili.
Nga ca kuti basanga ukuti balilwala kansa ya kuli bapwapwa, kuti bacita fimbi pa kuti beshibe ifyo ubulwele bwaba.
Muli aya masambililo kuti mwaba ukufwailisha kwa kupashanya, pamo nga CT scan ya kuli bongobongo, ukupashanya kwa mafupa, nelyo ukupashanya kwa positron emission tomography (PET).
Zhou P, Lu F, Wang J, Wang K, Liu B, Li N, Tang B: A portable point-of-care testing system to diagnose lung cancer through the detection of exosomal miRNA in urine and saliva. Chem Commun (Camb). 2020, 56 (63): 8968-8971.
Ni J, Guo Z, Zhang L: [The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016, 55 (1): 25-30.
Nishiyama N, Nakatani S, Iwasa R, Taguchi S, Inoue K, Kinoshita H: [Differential diagnosis between peripheral lung cancer invading the chest wall and chest-wall tumors]. Kyobu Geka. 1997, 50 (10): 893-7.
Kang C, Wang D, Zhang X, Wang L, Wang F, Chen J: Construction and Validation of a Lung Cancer Diagnostic Model Based on 6-Gene Methylation Frequency in Blood, Clinical Features, and Serum Tumor Markers. Comput Math Methods Med. 2021, 2021 (): 9987067.
Heydari F, Rafsanjani MK: A Review on Lung Cancer Diagnosis Using Data Mining Algorithms. Curr Med Imaging. 2021, 17 (1): 16-26.
Li L, Feng T, Zhang W, Gao S, Wang R, Lv W, Zhu T, Yu H, Qian B: MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics. 2020, 2020 (): 7415909.
Li B, Yuan Q, Zou YT, Su T, Lin Q, Zhang YQ, Shi WQ, Liang RB, Ge QM, Li QY, Shao Y: CA-125, CA-153, and CYFRA21-1 as clinical indicators in male lung cancer with ocular metastasis. J Cancer. 2020, 11 (10): 2730-2736.
Magee ND, Villaumie JS, Marple ET, Ennis M, Elborn JS, McGarvey JJ: Ex vivo diagnosis of lung cancer using a Raman miniprobe. J Phys Chem B. 2009, 113 (23): 8137-41.
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How is lung cancer diagnosed?
Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.
They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.
2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.
These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.
3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.
5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.
This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.
6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.
7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.
8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.
9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
Disclaimer: medical
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Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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