1. Ulupwa: Nga ca kuti abafyashi nelyo aba mu lupwa lwenu balilwala ubulwele bwa shuga, kuti mwaleka ukulwala.
2. Imyaka: Ubulwele bwa shuga bwaba pa misango ibili bwakulilako fye nga wakula, maka maka nga wafika imyaka 45 nelyo ukucilapo.
3. Ukufina: Ukufina sana nelyo ukufina sana kuti kwalenga mwafwa.
4. Ukukanabomba imilimo ya mubili: Ukukanabomba imilimo ya mubili kuti kwalenga mwafwa bwangu.
5. Uluko: Abantu bamo pamo nga aba mu Africa, aba ku America abafuma ku Spain, aba ku America abafyalilwe ku America, na ba ku Asia, ilingi line balalwala ubulwele bwa shuga.
6. Ubulwele bwa shuga bwaba pa banakashi abaimita: Abanakashi abakwata ubulwele bwa shuga bwaba pa banakashi abaimita balaba sana na mafya ya kuba no bulwele bwa shuga ubwaba pa banakashi abaimita.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Abanakashi abakwata ubu bulwele balaba sana na mafya ya kulwala ubulwele bwa shuga.
8. Ubulwele bwa metabolic syndrome: Ubulwele bwaba mu mulopa ubulenga umulopa ukulatinta sana, ukukwata sana cholesterol, no kukwata sana umusana, e bulenga umuntu ukukwata ubulwele bwa shuga ubwaba mu musango wa 2.
13. Ama cholesterol na triglycerides ayabipa: Ama triglycerides ayabipa na cholesterol yabipa (iisuma) filalenga umuntu ukulwala ubulwele bwa shuga ubwaba pa misango ibili.
14. Ukuleka ukupeema ilyo umuntu aleele: Abantu abaleka ukupeema ilyo baleele balaba sana na mafya ya kuba no bulwele bwa shuga.
23. Ubulwele bwa ku fiponshi: Ubulwele bwa ku fiponshi fimo pamo nga hepatitis C, kuti bwalenga umuntu ukukwata ubulwele bwa shuga ubwaba pa misango ibili.
24. Ubulwele bwa shuga bwaba mu mulopa: Ubulwele bwa shuga bwaba mu mulopa bwaba mu mulopa.
25. Uric acid nga yafula: Uric acid nga yafula, kuti yalenga umuntu alwala ubulwele bwa shuga.
26. Amaprotini ayaba sana mu mulopa: Amaprotini ayaba sana mu mulopa, ayalenga umuntu ukukalipwa, kuti yalenga umuntu ukukwata ubulwele bwa shuga ubwaba pa misango ibili.
King WM, Saseen JJ, Anderson SL: Characterization of diabetes risk factors in patients prescribed chronic statin therapy. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2014, 5 (5): 206-11.
Bielinski SJ, Pankow JS, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Bailey K, Li M, Selvin E, Couper D, Vazquez G, Brancati F: Strength of association for incident diabetes risk factors according to diabetes case definitions: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2012, 175 (5): 466-72.
Gangwisch JE, Gross R, Malaspina D: Differential Associations Between Depression, Risk Factors for Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Incidence in a Large U.S. Sample. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2015, 52 (2): 85-90.
Leiva AM, Martínez MA, Petermann F, Garrido-Méndez A, Poblete-Valderrama F, Díaz-Martínez X, Celis-Morales C: [Risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes in Chile]. Nutr Hosp. 2018, 35 (2): 400-407.
Chatterjee R, Maruthur NM, Edelman D: Novel Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in African-Americans. Curr Diab Rep. 2015, 15 (12): 103.
Higa S, Maesato A, Ishigaki S, Suenari K, Chen YJ, Chen SA: Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders (Hyperthyroidism/Hypothyroidism) as Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2021, 13 (1): 63-75.
Brodalko B: [Diabetes risk factors in the Regional Railway Hospital in Lublin, described on the basis of medical documentation]. Wiad Lek. 2000, 53 (5-6): 255-61.
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What are the risk factors for diabetes?
There are several risk factors for diabetes, including:
1. Family history: Having a parent or sibling with diabetes increases your risk.
2. Age: The risk of type 2 diabetes increases as you get older, especially after age 45.
3. Weight: Being overweight or obese increases your risk.
4. Physical inactivity: Lack of exercise can increase your risk.
5. Race or ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans, have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
6. Gestational diabetes: Women who have had gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Women with this condition have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
8. Metabolic syndrome: This cluster of conditions, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and large waist circumference, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.
9. Smoking: Smoking can increase insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes.
10. Prediabetes: Having prediabetes, or higher than normal blood sugar levels, increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
11. Low birth weight: Babies with low birth weight have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
12. High blood pressure: Having high blood pressure increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
13. Abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels: High levels of triglycerides and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
14. Sleep apnea: People with sleep apnea have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
15. Stress: Chronic stress can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
16. Certain medications: Some medications, such as steroids and antipsychotics, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
17. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
18. Sedentary lifestyle: A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
19. High-fat, high-calorie diet: Consuming a diet high in unhealthy fats and calories can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
20. Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
21. Sleep deprivation: Inadequate sleep can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
22. Air pollution: Exposure to air pollution can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
23. Certain infections: Certain infections, such as hepatitis C, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
24. High levels of homocysteine: High levels of homocysteine, an amino acid, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
25. High levels of uric acid: High levels of uric acid, a waste product, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
26. High levels of C-reactive protein: High levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
27. High levels of fibrinogen: High levels of fibrinogen, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
28. High levels of PAI-1: High levels of PAI-1, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
29. High levels of leptin: High levels of leptin, a hormone involved in appetite regulation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
30. High levels of resistin: High levels of resistin, a hormone involved in insulin resistance, can increase the risk of developing
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