Ada babarapa faktor risiko gasan panyakit Alzheimer, tamasuk:
1. Umur: Risiko terkena penyakit Alzheimer meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia, kebanyakan orang didiagnosis setelah usia 65 tahun.
2. Genetika: Memiliki riwayat keluarga penyakit Alzheimer atau membawa gen tertentu, seperti gen APOE-e4, kawa meningkatkan risiko mengembangkan penyakit.
3. Luka di kapala: Sejarah trauma kepala parah atau beberapa gegar otak kawa maningkatakan risiko penyakit Alzheimer.
4. Kesehatan jantung: Kondisi nang mempengaruhi jantung wan pembuluh darah, kaya tekanan darah tinggi, kolesterol tinggi, diabetes, wan obesitas, kawa maningkatakan risiko penyakit Alzheimer.
5. Faktor gaya hidup: Merokok, konsumsi alkohol nang berlebihan, wan kurangnya latihan fisik kawa maningkatakan risiko penyakit Alzheimer.
6. Kurang aktifitas kognitif: Kurangnya stimulasi mental dan tingkat pendidikan rendah mungkin meningkatkan risiko penyakit Alzheimer.
7. Gangguan tidur: Gangguan tidur, kayak sleep apnea, bisa maningkatakan resiko penyakit Alzheimer.
8. Faktor psikologis: Depresi, stres, dan isolasi sosial dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit Alzheimer.
Penting gasan dicatat bahwa baisi satu atawa labih dari faktor risiko ini kada harus berarti seseorang akan mengidap penyakit Alzheimer, wan beberapa urang tanpa faktor risiko nang diketahui masih kawa mengidap penyakit.
Namun, pamahaman faktor risiko ini kawa membantu individu maambil langkah gasan mengurangi risiko buhannya wan mempromosikan kesehatan otak.
Pansari K, Gupta A, Thomas P: Alzheimer's disease and vascular factors: facts and theories. Int J Clin Pract. 2002, 56 (3): 197-203.
Kivipelto M, Helkala EL, Laakso MP, Hänninen T, Hallikainen M, Alhainen K, Iivonen S, Mannermaa A, Tuomilehto J, Nissinen A, Soininen H: Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele, elevated midlife total cholesterol level, and high midlife systolic blood pressure are independent risk factors for late-life Alzheimer disease. Ann Intern Med. 2002, 137 (3): 149-55.
Bidzan L: [Initial symptoms and risk factors in Alzheimer's dementia]. Psychiatr Pol. , 28 (2): 207-19.
Gorelick PB: Risk factors for vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease. Stroke. 2004, 35 (11 Suppl 1): 2620-2.
Kummer BR, Diaz I, Wu X, Aaroe AE, Chen ML, Iadecola C, Kamel H, Navi BB: Associations between cerebrovascular risk factors and parkinson disease. Ann Neurol. 2019, 86 (4): 572-581.
Luchsinger JA, Reitz C, Honig LS, Tang MX, Shea S, Mayeux R: Aggregation of vascular risk factors and risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2005, 65 (4): 545-51.
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What are the risk factors for alzheimer?
There are several risk factors for Alzheimer's disease, including:
1. Age: The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease increases with age, with most people being diagnosed after the age of 65.
2. Genetics: Having a family history of Alzheimer's disease or carrying certain genes, such as the APOE-e4 gene, can increase the risk of developing the disease.
3. Head injury: A history of severe head trauma or multiple concussions may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
4. Cardiovascular health: Conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and obesity, may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
5. Lifestyle factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and lack of physical exercise may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
6. Cognitive inactivity: A lack of mental stimulation and low levels of education may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
7. Sleep disorders: Sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
8. Psychological factors: Depression, stress, and social isolation may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean that a person will develop Alzheimer's disease, and some people with no known risk factors may still develop the disease.
However, understanding these risk factors can help individuals take steps to reduce their risk and promote brain health.
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