Penyakit Alzheimer adalah gangguan neurodegeneratif progresif nang terutama mempengaruhi otak, menyebabkan kehilangan memori, penurunan kognitif, dan perubahan perilaku.
Penyebab pasti penyakit Alzheimer kada dipahami secara lengkap, tapi diyakini akibat kombinasi faktor genetik, lingkungan, dan gaya hidup.
Beberapa faktor nang kawa bakontribusi gasan perkembangan penyakit Alzheimer termasuk:
1. Genetika: Gen tertentu telah diidentifikasi nang meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit Alzheimer, khususnya gen apolipoprotein E (APOE).
2. Umur: Risiko terkena penyakit Alzheimer meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia, dengan kebanyakan orang didiagnosis setelah usia 65 tahun.
3. Riwayat keluarga: Memiliki riwayat keluarga penyakit Alzheimer kawa meningkatkan risiko mengembangkan kondisi ini.
4. Luka di kapala: Sejarah luka di kepala, khususnya nang mengakibatkan hilangnya kesadaran, kawa maningkatakan risiko penyakit Alzheimer.
5. Faktor risiko kardiovaskular: Kondisi kaya tekanan darah tinggi, kolesterol tinggi, wan diabetes kawa maningkatakan risiko terkena penyakit Alzheimer.
6. Faktor gaya hidup: Gaya hidup nang kurang aktif, pola makan nang kurang baik, wan kurangnya stimulasi mental kawa maningkatakan risiko penyakit Alzheimer.
7. Peradangan: Peradangan kronis di otak kawa bakontribusi gasan perkembangan penyakit Alzheimer.
8. Stres oksidatif: Ketidakseimbangan antara produksi radikal bebas dan kemampuan tubuh untuk mendetoksifikasi mereka mungkin berkontribusi pada perkembangan penyakit Alzheimer.
9. Plak amiloid wan kusut neurofibrilari: Akumulasi plak amiloid wan kusut neurofibrilari di otak adalah ciri khas penyakit Alzheimer, tagal peran buhannya dalam parkambangan kondisi ngitu balum dipahami sepenuhnya.
Penting gasan dicatat bahwa panyabab penyakit Alzheimer tuh rumit wan kamungkinan malibatakan kombinasi dari faktor-faktor ngini.
Penelitian lagi dilanjutakan gasan lebih memahami mekanisme nang mendasarinya wan mengembangkan perawatan nang efektif gasan kondisi nang marusak ini.
Vellas B, Andrieu S, Cantet C, Dartigues JF, Gauthier S: Long-term changes in ADAS-cog: what is clinically relevant for disease modifying trials in Alzheimer? J Nutr Health Aging. , 11 (4): 338-41.
Braak E, Griffing K, Arai K, Bohl J, Bratzke H, Braak H: Neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease: what is new since A. Alzheimer? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1999, 249 Suppl 3 (): 14-22.
Kovacs GG: Can Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease unravel the mysteries of Alzheimer? Prion. 2016, 10 (5): 369-376.
Cankurtaran M, Yavuz BB, Cankurtaran ES, Halil M, Ulger Z, Ariogul S: Risk factors and type of dementia: vascular or Alzheimer? Arch Gerontol Geriatr. , 47 (1): 25-34.
Mahami-Oskouei M, Hamidi F, Talebi M, Farhoudi M, Taheraghdam AA, Kazemi T, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Fallah E: Toxoplasmosis and Alzheimer: can Toxoplasma gondii really be introduced as a risk factor in etiology of Alzheimer? Parasitol Res. 2016, 115 (8): 3169-74.
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What causes alzheimer?
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the brain, causing memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes.
The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
Some of the factors that may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease include:
1. Genetics: Certain genes have been identified that increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, particularly the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene.
2. Age: The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease increases with age, with most people being diagnosed after the age of 65.
3. Family history: Having a family history of Alzheimer's disease may increase the risk of developing the condition.
4. Head injuries: A history of head injuries, particularly those that result in loss of consciousness, may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
5. Cardiovascular risk factors: Conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
6. Lifestyle factors: A sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, and lack of mental stimulation may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
7. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the brain may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
8. Oxidative stress: An imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's ability to detoxify them may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
9. Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles: The accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, but the role they play in the development of the condition is not fully understood.
It is important to note that the cause of Alzheimer's disease is complex and likely involves a combination of these factors.
Research is ongoing to better understand the underlying mechanisms and develop effective treatments for this devastating condition.
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