Kuli yuma yinji yize yakuneha kansa ya mavele, yimwe kuyitongola alioze yikwo kuyitongola ko.
Yino yili yimwe yuma yize yakuneha yikola yacho:
1. Mushinakaji: Uhashi wa kupwa ni kansa unoka chinji muze mutu anakukola, kanji-kanji wakupwa ni kansa yacho muze mutu hanahichi miaka 50.
2. Usoko: Nyi umwe wa ku usoko we, ngwe naye, nyi ndumbu, nyi mwanakwo wa pwo, kali ni yikola yacho, chino chakuneha yikola yacho.
3. Mutações genéticas: Mutações genéticas amwe waze akupwa ku yisemuka, ngwe BRCA1 ni BRCA2, kakusa yikola ya cancer ya mavele.
4. Kulela: Nyi mutu mapwa ni ufumba shimbu kanda apwe ni ufumba, nyi mapwa ni chilimwe, nyi keshi kupwa ni ana hanji mapwa ni ana muze hanahichi miaka 30, chino muchihasa kumulingisa apwe ni ufumba.
5. Kuchiza ni ma hormone: Kukalakala mashimbu anji ni ma hormone a estrogen ni progesterone muze mutu hanahete ku chihemba chakwamba ngwo menopause muchihasa kuchingisa ufumba.
6. Kunwa walwa: Kunwa walwa chakuneha kansa ya mavele.
7. Kuvula chinji: Kupwa ni yifwo yinji hanji kuvula chinji mu mujimba che chakuneha yikola yacho, chinji-chiwe muze mutu apwa ni kukinda cha mujimba.
9. Kufwa ni mwishi: Nyi mutu mamona mwishi unji, chinji-chize muze achili kanuke, chino muchihasa kumusa mu ponde.
10. Mbolo jinji: Mapwo waze ali ni mbolo jinji kakupwa ni kansere wa ku mbolo.
11. Kuchina ku manyinga: Mapwo waze aputukile kupwa ni manyinga muze te uchili kanuke ( shimbu kanda ahete miaka 12) hanji waze apwile ni kulisa ha miaka (ha miaka 55) kali ni ufwatulo unji.
12. Kuyamwisa ana: Mapwo waze kanda achiyamwisa ana kakupwa ni ufwatulo unji wa kupwa ni kansa.
Chili chilemu kunyingika ngwo kupwa ni chimwe hanji yuma yinji yize yakuneha yikola yacho kuchalumbunuka ngwo mutu mamuka ni kansa ya mavele, nawa kupwa ni yuma yacho kuchalumbunuka ngwo mutu kechi kupwa ni kansa ya mavele.
Chipwe chocho, kunyingika yuma yino muyihasa kukwasa atu hanga akwate yiyulo ya mana hakutwala ku yikola yo ni kuhona kufwa.
Wung SF, Hepworth JT, Sparenga D, Merkle CJ: Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Pilot Study. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2015, 42 (5): E330-8.
Frankl G: Risk factors in breast cancer: are they important, are they the same in pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer patients? Oncology. 1980, 37 (1): 41-5.
Ho PJ, Lau HSH, Ho WK, Wong FY, Yang Q, Tan KW, Tan MH, Chay WY, Chia KS, Hartman M, Li J: Incidence of breast cancer attributable to breast density, modifiable and non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors in Singapore. Sci Rep. 2020, 10 (1): 503.
Barnard ME, Boeke CE, Tamimi RM: Established breast cancer risk factors and risk of intrinsic tumor subtypes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015, 1856 (1): 73-85.
Hines LM, Risendal B, Slattery ML, Baumgartner KB, Giuliano AR, Sweeney C, Rollison DE, Byers T: Comparative analysis of breast cancer risk factors among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. Cancer. 2010, 116 (13): 3215-23.
Rosner B, Glynn RJ, Eliassen AH, Hankinson SE, Tamimi RM, Chen WY, Holmes MD, Mu Y, Peng C, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Tworoger SS: A Multi-State Survival Model for Time to Breast Cancer Mortality among a Cohort of Initially Disease-Free Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022, 31 (8): 1582-1592.
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['Uhashi wa akwa-kusoneka']
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['Nyi unafuliela ni mbunge yeswe ngwo yikuma yeswe yize akuzachisa ha site yino yinapinjisa shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka, yena (mba yoze wakuzachisa) muhasa kututumina mukanda hanga ututuhwise yikuma yacho hanji kuhona kuyimona.']
['Sango jacho katamba kujituma ha mukanda ha email (tala ha chihanda cha "Contact" ha email).']
['Shimbi ya DMCA yinambe ngwo, sango je ha yize akuhanjika ngwo yapinjisa shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka yili ni sango jacho: (1) kulumbununa mulimo uze uli ni shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka uze anazangamisa; (2) kulumbununa yikuma yize anazangamisa ni sango jize jinahase kutukwasa hanga tuwane yikuma yacho; (3) kulweza yoze mutuhasa kumuheta, ngwe adresi, numero ya telefone ni email; (4) maliji waze yena musolola ngwo, yuma yize anazangamisa kuyishi ni utayizo wa mwene wa shimbi ja akwa-kusoneka, hanji yoze akuzachisa, hanji ni shimbi jize anazangamisa; ']
['(5) Sango jize yena musoneka, ni shimbi jize makahana, ngwo sango jize jili ha mukanda jili ja umwenemwene nawa uli ni ulite wakukwasa hanga akwa-kusoneka afunge shimbi jize anakwambulula ngwo jinalitepulula;']
['nawa (6) chijimbikilo cha mwata wa shindakenyo ya ulite wa yuma hanji cha muthu yoze uli ni ulite wa kulinga yuma ha jina lia mwata wa shindakenyo ya yuma.']
There are several risk factors for breast cancer, some of which are modifiable and others that are not.
Here are some of the most common risk factors:
1. Age: The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in women over the age of 50.
2. Family history: Having a close relative, such as a mother, sister, or daughter, with breast cancer increases your risk.
3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
4. Reproductive history: Early menarche (start of menstruation), late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk.
5. Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of combined estrogen and progesterone hormone therapy after menopause can increase the risk.
6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk, especially after menopause.
8. Physical activity: Lack of physical activity can increase the risk.
9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk.
10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of developing breast cancer.
11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early (before age 12) or went through menopause late (after age 55) have a slightly higher risk.
12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more risk factors does not mean that a person will definitely develop breast cancer, and not having any risk factors does not guarantee that a person will not develop breast cancer.
However, understanding these risk factors can help individuals make informed decisions about their health and potentially reduce their risk.
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