What causes Breast cancer?

['Se axa sia']

Nukae hea no me dɔdzẽ vɛ?

Menye nu ɖeka aɖe koe nana no me kansa hona o, gake nu geɖe ate ŋu ana wòate ŋu adzɔ bɔbɔe.

Nu siawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

1. Tsitsi: Aɖulãdɔ ƒe afɔkua dzina ɖe edzi ne nyɔnu le tsitsim.

2. Ƒomea me dɔdzẽ: Ne no me dɔdzẽ le nyɔnu aɖe ƒe ƒometɔ kplikplikpli aɖe (dada, nɔvinyɔnu, alo vianyɔnu) ŋu la, ekema no me dɔdzẽ ate ŋu adze edzi bɔbɔe nɛ wu.

3. Domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe tɔtrɔ: Domenyiŋusẽfianu aɖewo ƒe tɔtrɔ si ƒe dome ame nyi, abe BRCA1 kple BRCA2 ene, naa no me dɔdzẽ tea ŋu dzea edzi bɔbɔe.

4. Vidzidzi ƒe ŋutinya: Ne èkpɔ dzinu kaba, ètsi gbɔtotsotso nu, eye mèdzi vi o alo nèdzi vi gbãtɔ esi nèxɔ ƒe 30 megbe la, ate ŋu ana no me kansa nadze dziwò bɔbɔe.

5. Lãmetsiwo tsɔtsɔ ɖɔ li dɔlékuiwo: Aɖulãdɔ ate ŋu adze nyɔnu siwo zãa lãmetsiwo tsɔ ɖɔ li woƒe gbɔtotsotso ƒe dɔ la dzi bɔbɔe wu.

6. Aha Muamewo nono: Aha muamewo nono naa no me dɔdzẽ te ŋu dzea ame dzi bɔbɔe.

7. Lolo akpa: Ne ame lolo akpa alo lolo akpa la, ate ŋu alé no me dɔdzẽ.

8. Kamedede fũu akpa: Anyinɔnɔ atraɖii ate ŋu ana no me kansa nadze ame dzi.

9. Nukeklẽ: Nukeklẽ si nu sẽ, vevietɔ le ɖevime, ate ŋu ana no me kansa nadze ame dzi.

10. No ƒe lolome: No me kansa ate ŋu adze nyɔnu siwo ƒe no lolo la dzi bɔbɔe wu.

11. Nyɔnu ƒe asiɖoɖo anyi: Ele bɔbɔe be no me dɔdzẽ nadze nyɔnu siwo ƒe asiɖoɖo anyi dze egɔme kaba alo esiwo ƒe asiɖoɖo anyi tsi megbe la dzi.

12. Vidzidede: Aʋatsokaka ƒe afɔku le nyɔnu siwo medzi vi kpɔ o la me vie wu.

13. Vidzidzixexe: Aɖulãdɔ ate ŋu adze nyɔnu siwo zãa mɔxexeɖefufɔfɔnu ƒe atikewo dzi vie wu.

Ele vevie be míade dzesii be afɔku siawo dometɔ ɖeka alo esi wu ema ƒe anyinɔnɔ mefia be nyɔnu aɖe ava lé no me dɔdzẽ godoo o, eye afɔku aɖeke mele nyɔnu geɖe siwo lé no me dɔdzẽ la ŋu o.

Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, womate ŋu atrɔ nu siwo gbɔ dɔlélea tsona la dometɔ aɖewo o, abe ƒe si ame xɔ kple nu siwo dzɔ ɖe edzi le eƒe ƒometɔwo dome ene, gake woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nu bubuwo ŋu, abe ale si wònɔa agbee ene, be wòana dɔlélea dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ.

['Nyatakakawo']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Yoneda T: Cellular and molecular basis of preferential metastasis of breast cancer to bone. J Orthop Sci. 2000, 5 (1): 75-81.

Demirci S, Eser E, Ozsaran Z, Tankisi D, Aras AB, Ozaydemir G, Anacak Y: Validation of the Turkish versions of EORTC QLQ-C30 and BR23 modules in breast cancer patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011, 12 (5): 1283-7.

Kluttig A, Schmidt-Pokrzywniak A: Established and Suspected Risk Factors in Breast Cancer Aetiology. Breast Care (Basel). , 4 (2): 82-87.

Tabar L, Duffy SW, Yen MF, Warwick J, Vitak B, Chen HH, Smith RA: All-cause mortality among breast cancer patients in a screening trial: support for breast cancer mortality as an end point. J Med Screen. 2002, 9 (4): 159-62.

Gonzalez P, Lim JW, Wang-Letzkus M, Flores KF, Allen KM, Castañeda SF, Talavera GA: Breast Cancer Cause Beliefs: Chinese, Korean, and Mexican American Breast Cancer Survivors. West J Nurs Res. 2015, 37 (8): 1081-99.

['Mɔxeɖenu: atikewɔwɔ']

['Taɖodzinu siwo nye nufiafia kple nyatakaka koe le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe sia ŋu eye menye atikewɔwɔ ŋuti ɖaŋuɖoɖo alo dɔwɔnawo ƒe nya gblɔm wole o.']

['Mele be woazã nyatakaka siwo wona la atsɔ ada dɔléle alo dɔ aɖe o, eye ele be amesiwo di be yewoakpɔ atikewɔwɔ ŋuti ɖaŋuɖoɖo na yewo la nabia ɖɔkta si xɔ mɔɖegbalẽ.']

['De dzesii be neural network si wɔa nyabiabiawo ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo la meɖia o vevietɔ ne wotsɔ xexlẽdzesiwo wɔe. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne wotsɔ ame siwo ŋu dɔléle aɖe le ƒe xexlẽme wɔ dɔe.']

['Bia wò ɖɔkta alo lãmesẽdɔwɔla bubu si dze ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo ɣesiaɣi le lãmesẽkuxi aɖe ŋu. Mègaŋe aɖaba ƒu aɖaŋuɖoɖo si ɖɔktawo ɖo na wò alo gbɔ dzi ɖi le exexlẽ me le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe sia ta o. Ne èsusu be ɖewohĩ lãmesẽkuxi aɖe le fu ɖem na ye la, ke yɔ 911 alo yi ɖe afisi wokpɔa nɔnɔme kpatawo gbɔ le.']

['Copyright: Copyright']

['Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) na mɔ siwo dzi copyright ƒe nunɔlawo ate ŋu ato awɔ nu ɖe nu siwo wo xɔ se be wo le Internet dzi la ŋu.']

['Ne èxɔe se kple kakaɖedzi be nyatakakadzraɖoƒe alo dɔwɔnu aɖe si míetsɔ wɔ míaƒe nyatakakadzraɖoƒea alo dɔwɔnawo la nye dada le wò gome la, wò ŋutɔ (alo wò dɔtɔ) ate ŋu aŋlɔ agbalẽ aɖo ɖe mí abia be míaɖe nyatakakadzraɖoƒea alo dɔwɔnua ɖa alo axe mɔ ɖe ezazã nu.']

['Ele be woana nyatakakawo to e-mail dzi (kpɔ "Kpekpeɖeŋunaƒe" ƒe akpa si nye e-mail adrɛs). ']

['DMCA bia be nàŋlɔ nyatakaka siwo gbɔna ɖe wò nyatakaka si nèŋlɔ be woada le copyright dzi la me: (1) nuŋɔŋlɔ si fia be copyright le dɔ si ŋu wole nu ƒom le la ŋu; (2) nyatakaka si fia be nuŋɔŋlɔa le eme eye wòade mía nu be míake ɖe eŋu; (3) nyatakaka siwo ana míake ɖe ŋuwò, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye wò adrɛs, kaƒodzesi kple e-mail adrɛs; (4) wò nya si fia be èxɔe se kple kakaɖedzi be copyright ƒe ame si tɔe nyatakakaa nye, alo eƒe dɔtɔ, alo se aɖeke meɖe mɔ ɖe eŋu o; ']

['(5) Wò ŋutɔ nàŋlɔ agbalẽ si dzi nàde asii, si me nàde se be ne mèwɔe o la, àda alakpa, atsɔ aɖo kpe edzi be nyatakaka siwo le nyatakakaa me la de pɛpɛpɛ eye be ŋusẽ le asiwò be nàʋli agbalẽ siwo ŋu wogblɔ le be woda le la ta.']

['Eye (6) ame si tɔe agbalẽa nye alo ame si wona ŋusẽe be wòawɔ dɔ le ame si tɔ ŋkɔ me la ƒe asinuŋɔŋlɔ alo eƒe asinuŋɔŋlɔ si le mɔ̃ dzi. ']

['Ne mèŋlɔ nyatakaka siwo katã le etame ɖe agbalẽa me o la, ate ŋu ana be wò nyatoƒoe me dzodzro natsi megbe.']

['Kadodo']

['Taflatse ɖo email ɖe mí ne nyabiabia alo aɖaŋuɖoɖo aɖe le asiwò.']

What causes breast cancer?

There is no single cause of breast cancer, but several factors can increase the risk of developing the disease.

Some of these factors include:

1. Age: The risk of breast cancer increases as a woman gets older.

2. Family history: A woman's risk of breast cancer is higher if she has a close relative (mother, sister, or daughter) who has had breast cancer.

3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of breast cancer.

4. Reproductive history: Early menstruation, late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk of breast cancer.

5. Hormone replacement therapy: Women who take hormone replacement therapy for menopause have a higher risk of breast cancer.

6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.

7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of breast cancer.

8. Physical inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of breast cancer.

9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk of breast cancer.

10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of breast cancer.

11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early or went through menopause late have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

13. Birth control: Women who use oral contraceptives have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not mean that a woman will definitely develop breast cancer, and many women who develop breast cancer have no known risk factors.

Additionally, some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, while others, such as lifestyle factors, can be modified to reduce the risk.

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['Míedze egɔme kple atikeŋutinunya ŋuti agbalẽ siwo ade miliɔn 35 siwo le PubMed/Medline. Hekpe ɖe eŋu la, RefinedWeb ƒe nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo.']

['Kpɔ "References" kple "Disclaimer".']