A son diviers fatôrs di risi pal atac di cûr, cjapant dentri:
1 Etât: il risi di vê un atac di cûr al aumente cun l'etât, specialmentri daspò i 45 agns pai oms e i 55 pai oms.
2. nivei alts di colesterôl: nivei alts di colesterôl LDL (mal) e nivei bas di colesterôl HDL (bon) a puedin aumentâ il risi di un atac di cûr.
3. Alte pression: la alte pression no controlade e pues danegjâ lis arteris e aumentâ il risi di infarto.
4 Diabete: I diabets a son plui a risi di vê un atac di cûr par vie dai dams che il zucar alt al cause ai vasions.
5 - Jessi in sovrappeso o obês: il jessi in sovrappeso al pues aumentâ il risi di un atac di cûr contribuint a altris fatôrs di risi come la pression alte e il diabete.
6 Mancjance di esercizi: La mancjance di ativitât fisiche e pues contribuî al svilup di malatiis dal cûr e a aumentâ il risi di un atac di cûr.
7. Fumâ: il fumâ al è un fatôr di risi impuartant pal atac di cûr, parcè che al fâs dam ai vasions e al aumente il risi di coagui di sanc.
8. Storie di famee: une storie di famee di malatie cardiache e pues aumentâ il risi di atac di cûr.
9. Fibrillazion atriâl: al è un ritmi cardiac iregolâr che al pues aumentâ il risi di un atac di cûr e di un ictus.
10. Atac di cûr o ictus di prin: Lis personis che a àn vût un atac di cûr o un ictus di prin a son plui a risi di vê un altri.
11. Stress: il stress cronic al pues contribuî al svilup di malatiis cardiachis e aumentâ il risi di un atac di cûr.
12. malatiis autoimunis: malatiis come il lupus e la artrite reumatoide a puedin aumentâ il risi di malatiis dal cûr tes feminis.
13. Problemis di salût leâts ae gravidance: lis feminis che a àn il diabete o la ipertension dilunc la gravidance a son plui a risi di vê malatiis dal cûr plui indenant te vite.
14. Bas nivei di estrogjen: lis feminis che a àn passât la menopause o a àn vût un intervent chirurgjic di isterectomie a àn nivei di estrogjen plui bas, che a puedin aumentâ il risi di malatiis dal cûr, in confront a lis feminis che no lu àn fat.
Al è impuartant notâ che ancje se cualchi fatôr di risi, come la etât e la storie di famee, a no puedin jessi cambiâts, tancj altris a puedin jessi gjestîts cun cambiaments intal mût di vivi e intervent medic.
Controls regolârs, mantignî une diete sane, fâ esercizi cun regolaritât, molâ il fumâ e vuarî malatiis cronichis come la pression alte e il diabete a puedin judâ a ridusi il risi di un atac di cûr.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
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What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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