How is Prostate cancer diagnosed?

Cén chaoi a ndéantar ailse prostata a dhiagnóisiú?

Déantar ailse prostata a dhiagnóisiú trí chomhcheangal de thástálacha agus nósanna imeachta, a d'fhéadfadh a bheith san áireamh:

1. Scrúdú Rectal Digiteach (DRE): Cuireann dochtúir méar gloved, lubricated isteach sa rectum chun an próstata a bhraitheann le haghaidh aon neamhghnácha.

2. Tástáil Antigen Speisialta Prostate (PSA): Is tástáil fola é seo a thomhas ar leibhéal PSA, próitéin a tháirgeann an gland prostata.

D'fhéadfadh leibhéil ardaithe PSA a léiriú go bhfuil ailse próstatach ann.

3. Ultrasound transrectal (TRUS): Cuirtear sonda beag isteach sa rectum chun íomhá den próstata a chruthú ag baint úsáide as tonnta fuaime.

Is féidir leis seo cabhrú le aon neamhghnácha sa gland prostata a shainaithint.

4. Biopsy: Tógtar sampla beag de fíochán próstatach agus déantar é a scrúdú faoi mhicreascóp chun cealla ailse a fháil.

Is é seo an t-aon bhealach cinntitheach chun ailse próstatach a dhiagnóisiú.

5. Imaging Magnetic Resonance (MRI): Is féidir le scanadh MRI den próstata aon neamhghnácha a shainaithint agus treoir a thabhairt don nós imeachta biopsy.

6. tástáil géineamach: D'fhéadfadh roinnt dochtúirí tástálacha géineamacha a úsáid chun cabhrú le ionsaitheacht an ailse a chinneadh agus cinntí cóireála a threorú.

7. Scan cnámh: D'fhéadfaí scan cnámh a dhéanamh chun a sheiceáil an bhfuil an ailse scaipthe go dtí na cnámha.

8. Scan tomagrafaíochta ríomhaireachta (CT): D'fhéadfaí scan tomagrafaíochta ríomhaireachta a úsáid chun a sheiceáil an bhfuil an ailse scaipthe go n-orgáin nó go fíocháin eile.

Tá sé tábhachtach a thabhairt faoi deara nach mbeidh ailse próstatach ag gach fear a bhfuil leibhéil arda PSA nó torthaí neamhghnácha DRE acu, agus nach mbeidh leibhéil arda PSA mar thoradh ar gach ailse próstatach.

Dá bhrí sin, is gá biopsy a dhéanamh chun an diagnóis a dhearbhú.

Ina theannta sin, déantar an cinneadh biopsy a dhéanamh tar éis aird a thabhairt ar thorthaí na dtástálacha seo agus ar ghnéithe riosca agus ar roghanna an duine aonair.

Tagairtí

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

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Marenco J, Kasivisvanathan V, Emberton M: New standards in prostate biopsy. Arch Esp Urol. 2019, 72 (2): 142-149.

Moradi M, Mousavi P, Abolmaesumi P: Computer-aided diagnosis of prostate cancer with emphasis on ultrasound-based approaches: a review. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2007, 33 (7): 1010-28.

Cuperlovic-Culf M, Belacel N, Davey M, Ouellette RJ: Multi-gene biomarker panel for reference free prostate cancer diagnosis: determination and independent validation. Biomarkers. 2010, 15 (8): 693-706.

McGrath SE, Michael A, Morgan R, Pandha H: EN2: a novel prostate cancer biomarker. Biomark Med. 2013, 7 (6): 893-901.

An Y, Chang W, Wang W, Wu H, Pu K, Wu A, Qin Z, Tao Y, Yue Z, Wang P, Wang Z: A novel tetrapeptide fluorescence sensor for early diagnosis of prostate cancer based on imaging Zn²⁺ in healthy versus cancerous cells. J Adv Res. 2020, 24 (): 363-370.

[Consensus of Chinese experts on the application of molecular imaging targeting prostate specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2018, 56 (2): 91-94.

Zhong WD, He HC, Bi XC, Ou RB, Jiang SA, Liu LS: cDNA macroarray for analysis of gene expression profiles in prostate cancer. Chin Med J (Engl). 2006, 119 (7): 570-3.

Diúltú freagrachta: leighis

Cuirtear an suíomh gréasáin seo ar fáil chun críocha oideachais agus faisnéise amháin agus ní sholáthraíonn sé comhairle leighis nó seirbhísí gairmiúla.

Níor cheart an t-eolas a chuirtear ar fáil a úsáid chun fadhb sláinte nó galar a dhiagnóisiú nó a chóireáil, agus ba cheart dóibh siúd atá ag lorg comhairle leighis phearsanta dul i gcomhairle le dochtúir ceadúnaithe.

Tabhair faoi deara le do thoil go bhfuil an líonra néarónach a ghineann freagraí ar na ceisteanna, míchruinn go háirithe nuair a bhaineann sé le hábhar uimhriúil. Mar shampla, líon na ndaoine a ndearnadh diagnóis orthu le galar ar leith.

Déan comhairle do dhochtúir nó do sholáthraí sláinte cáilithe eile i gcónaí maidir le riocht leighis. Ná déan neamhaird ar chomhairle leighis ghairmiúil ná déileáil leis mar gheall ar rud éigin a léigh tú ar an suíomh Gréasáin seo. Má cheapann tú go bhféadfadh éigeandáil leighis a bheith agat, glaoigh ar 911 nó téigh go dtí an seomra éigeandála is gaire láithreach. Ní chruthaíonn an suíomh Gréasáin seo ná a úsáid aon chaidreamh dochtúir-othar. Ní dhéanann BioMedLib ná a chuid fostaithe, ná aon ranníocóir leis an suíomh Gréasáin seo aon ionadaíochtaí, sainráite nó intuigthe, maidir leis an bhfaisnéis a sholáthraítear anseo ná a úsáid.

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(5) ráiteas uait, arna shíniú faoi phionós perjury, go bhfuil an t-eolas sa fhógra cruinn agus go bhfuil an t-údarás agat na cóipchearta a éilítear a shárú a fhorfheidhmiú;

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Cumarsáid

Seol ríomhphost dúinn le haon cheist / moladh le do thoil.

How is prostate cancer diagnosed?

Prostate cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:

1. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel the prostate for any abnormalities.

2. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: This is a blood test that measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate gland.

Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of prostate cancer.

3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): A small probe is inserted into the rectum to create an image of the prostate using sound waves.

This can help identify any abnormalities in the prostate gland.

4. Biopsy: A small sample of prostate tissue is removed and examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells.

This is the only definitive way to diagnose prostate cancer.

5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI scan of the prostate can help identify any abnormalities and guide the biopsy procedure.

6. Genomic Testing: Some doctors may use genomic tests to help determine the aggressiveness of the cancer and guide treatment decisions.

7. Bone Scan: A bone scan may be performed to check if the cancer has spread to the bones.

8. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan may be used to check if the cancer has spread to other organs or tissues.

It is important to note that not all men with elevated PSA levels or abnormal DRE results will have prostate cancer, and not all prostate cancers will cause elevated PSA levels.

Therefore, a biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

Additionally, the decision to undergo a biopsy is made after considering the results of these tests and the individual's risk factors and preferences.

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