What are the risk factors for Lung cancer?

Cad iad na fachtóirí riosca le haghaidh ailse scamhóige?

I measc na ngnéithe riosca le haghaidh ailse scamhóg tá:

1. Caitheamh tobac: Is é caitheamh tobac an príomhchúis do ailse scamhóg.

Méadaíonn an baol leis an líon tobac a chaitheann duine in aghaidh an lae agus leis an líon blianta a chaitheann sé tobac.

2. Caitheamh tobac ó dhaoine eile: Is féidir le nochtadh do chaitheamh tobac ó dhaoine eile an baol ailse scamhóg a mhéadú i measc daoine nach caitheann tobac.

3. Gás radón: Is féidir le nochtadh do leibhéil arda gáis radón, gáis radaighníomhach a tharlaíonn go nádúrtha, an baol ailse scamhóg a mhéadú.

4. Asbestos agus carcinogens eile: Is féidir le nochtadh do asbestos, arsenic, cróimiam, nicil, soot, tar, agus substaintí eile ailse scamhóg a chur faoi deara.

5. truailliú aeir: D'fhéadfadh nochtadh fadtéarmach do thruailliú aeir, go háirithe i gceantair uirbeacha, an baol ailse scamhóige a mhéadú beagán.

6. Stair theaghlaigh: D'fhéadfadh stair theaghlaigh de ailse scamhóige riosca duine a mhéadú.

7. Stair pheata pearsanta: D'fhéadfadh go mbeadh riosca méadaithe ailse scamhóige ag daoine a bhfuil stair ghalar scamhóige acu mar galar scamhóige obstrutive ainsealach (COPD) nó tobac.

8. Aois: Méadaíonn an baol go dtarlóidh ailse scamhóg leis an aois, agus tarlaíonn an chuid is mó de na cásanna i ndaoine os cionn 65 bliain d'aois.

9. Gnéas: Tá fir níos dóchúla ailse scamhóige a fhorbairt ná mná.

10. Teiripe radaíochta: Is féidir le teiripe radaíochta roimhe seo chuig an gcraiceann le haghaidh ailse eile an baol ailse scamhóg a mhéadú.

11. Aiste bia: D'fhéadfadh aiste bia íseal i dtorthaí agus glasraí an baol ailse scamhóg a mhéadú.

12. Tomhaltas alcóil: D'fhéadfadh tomhaltas trom alcóil an baol ailse scamhóg a mhéadú.

13. Géineolaíocht: D'fhéadfadh mutations géineolaíocha áirithe an baol ailse scamhóg a mhéadú.

Tá sé tábhachtach a thabhairt faoi deara nach gciallaíonn ceann amháin nó níos mó de na fachtóirí riosca seo go ndéanfaidh duine ailse scamhóige a fhorbairt, agus b'fhéidir nach bhfuil aon fachtóirí riosca ar eolas ag roinnt daoine a d'fhorbair ailse scamhóige.

Mar sin féin, is féidir leis an nochtadh do na fachtóirí riosca seo a laghdú nó a sheachaint cabhrú le seansanna ailse scamhóige a fhorbairt a laghdú.

Tagairtí

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Jin YJ, Tang W, Huang Y, Wang JW, Hou DH, Qi LL, Zhao SJ, Wu N: [Risk factors for lung cancer based on low-dose computed tomography screening]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2020, 42 (3): 222-227.

Hosseini M, Naghan PA, Karimi S, SeyedAlinaghi S, Bahadori M, Khodadad K, Mohammadi F, Kaynama K, Keynama K, Masjedi MR: Environmental risk factors for lung cancer in Iran: a case-control study. Int J Epidemiol. 2009, 38 (4): 989-96.

Zhou X, Hu J, Zhang C, Zhan Y, Song Y, Fan W, Hu Z, Yang H, Yang Q, Wu D, Li F, Li D, Nie R: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for in-hospital mortality of lung cancer patients with COVID-19: A multicenter, retrospective, cohort study. Thorac Cancer. 2021, 12 (1): 57-65.

Liu X, Fan Y, Jiang Y, Xiang J, Wang J, Sun Z, Ren G, Yao S, Chang R, Zhao Y, Qiao Y, Zhou Q: [A cohort study on risk factors of lung cancer in Yunnan tin miners]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2013, 16 (4): 184-90.

Aoun J, Saleh N, Waked M, Salamé J, Salameh P: Lung cancer correlates in Lebanese adults: a pilot case--control study. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2013, 3 (4): 235-44.

Chan-Yeung M, Koo LC, Ho JC, Tsang KW, Chau WS, Chiu SW, Ip MS, Lam WK: Risk factors associated with lung cancer in Hong Kong. Lung Cancer. 2003, 40 (2): 131-40.

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What are the risk factors for lung cancer?

The risk factors for lung cancer include:

1. Smoking: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer.

The risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the number of years a person has smoked.

2. Secondhand smoke: Exposure to secondhand smoke can increase the risk of lung cancer in non-smokers.

3. Radon gas: Exposure to high levels of radon gas, a naturally occurring radioactive gas, can increase the risk of lung cancer.

4. Asbestos and other carcinogens: Exposure to asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, soot, tar, and other substances can cause lung cancer.

5. Air pollution: Long-term exposure to air pollution, particularly in urban areas, may slightly increase the risk of lung cancer.

6. Family history: A family history of lung cancer may increase a person's risk.

7. Personal history of lung disease: People with a history of lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or tuberculosis may have an increased risk of lung cancer.

8. Age: The risk of lung cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 65.

9. Gender: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.

10. Radiation therapy: Previous radiation therapy to the chest for other cancers can increase the risk of lung cancer.

11. Diet: A diet low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of lung cancer.

12. Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol consumption may increase the risk of lung cancer.

13. Genetics: Certain genetic mutations may increase the risk of lung cancer.

It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean a person will develop lung cancer, and some people who develop lung cancer may not have any known risk factors.

However, reducing or avoiding exposure to these risk factors can help lower the chances of developing lung cancer.

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