Kansè kolon dyagnostike atravè yon konbinezon tès ak pwosedi, ki ka gen ladan:
1. Egzamen fizik: Yon doktè ap egzamine w pou l wè si w gen nenpòt pwoblèm oswa si w gen siy maladi.
2. Egzamen san: Egzamen san ka ede nou wè si gen yon bagay ki pa nòmal nan san an ki ka endike kansè.
3. Egzamen pou konnen si gen san nan poupou a: Yon egzamen pou konnen si gen san nan poupou a kapab yon siy kansè nan kolon.
4. Kolonoskopi: Se yon pwosedi kote yo mete yon tib mens, ki fleksib, ki gen yon limyè ak yon kamera nan bout li, nan rektòm nan pou egzamine kolon an.
Pandan yon kolonoskopi, doktè a ka pran echantiyon tisi (biopsi) pou egzamine si selil kansè yo pa ladan.
5. Sigmoidoskopi: Menm jan ak kolonoskopi, sigmoidoskopi egzamine pati anba kolon an.
6. Kolonoskopi vityèl: Se yon CT scan kolon ki kreye yon imaj 3D kolon ak rektòm.
7. Egzamen pou wè si gen san ki pa parèt nan poupou a: Egzamen sa a fè konnen si gen san nan poupou a, sa ki ka endike kansè.
8. Enema bawonik ki gen de kalite kontras: Se yon egzamen radyografi kolon ak rektòm, kote yo itilize yon materyèl ki gen kontras pou montre si gen yon bagay ki pa nòmal.
9. Biopsi: Yon biopsi se retire yon ti kantite tisi nan kolon an pou egzamine anba yon mikwoskòp pou detèmine si selil kansè yo prezan.
10. Egzamen ki fèt pou wè si kansè a gaye nan lòt pati nan kò a: Yo ka fè CT, MRI ak radyografi nan pwatrin pou yo wè si kansè a gaye nan lòt pati nan kò a.
Yon fwa yo fin fè yon dyagnostik kansè nan kolon, doktè a ap detèmine etap kansè a, ki ede detèmine pi bon tretman an.
Yo konn detèmine etap maladi a selon gwosè l ak kote l ye, e yo konn detèmine si l gaye nan lòt pati nan kò a.
Su Y, Tian X, Gao R, Guo W, Chen C, Chen C, Jia D, Li H, Lv X: Colon cancer diagnosis and staging classification based on machine learning and bioinformatics analysis. Comput Biol Med. 2022, 145 (): 105409.
Khan FA, Albalawi R, Pottoo FH: Trends in targeted delivery of nanomaterials in colon cancer diagnosis and treatment. Med Res Rev. 2022, 42 (1): 227-258.
Shi J, Fei J, Yi Q, Shen L, Wan B, Chen Y, Chang Q: Treatment of colon cancer in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report. BMC Cancer. 2018, 18 (1): 961.
Ren QG, Huang T, Yang SL, Hu JL: Colon cancer metastasis to the mandibular gingiva with partial occult squamous differentiation: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol. 2017, 6 (2): 189-192.
Feng HT, Zou S, Chen M, Xiong F, Lee MH, Fang L, Tang BZ: Tuning Push-Pull Electronic Effects of AIEgens to Boost the Theranostic Efficacy for Colon Cancer. J Am Chem Soc. 2020, 142 (26): 11442-11450.
Slattery ML, Kerber RA: The impact of family history of colon cancer on survival after diagnosis with colon cancer. Int J Epidemiol. 1995, 24 (5): 888-96.
Tada M: [Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer]. Rinsho Byori. 1990, 38 (4): 403-6.
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How is colon cancer diagnosed?
Colon cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Physical examination: A doctor will perform a physical examination to check for any abnormalities or signs of illness.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can help determine if there are any abnormalities in the blood that may indicate the presence of cancer.
3. Stool tests: A stool test can detect the presence of blood in the stool, which may be a sign of colon cancer.
4. Colonoscopy: This is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end is inserted into the rectum to examine the colon.
During a colonoscopy, the doctor can also take tissue samples (biopsies) to be examined for cancer cells.
5. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy, a sigmoidoscopy examines the lower part of the colon.
6. Virtual colonoscopy: This is a CT scan of the colon that creates a 3D image of the colon and rectum.
7. Fecal occult blood test: This test checks for the presence of blood in the stool, which may indicate the presence of cancer.
8. Double-contrast barium enema: This is an x-ray examination of the colon and rectum, in which a contrast material is used to highlight any abnormalities.
9. Biopsy: A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue from the colon for examination under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
10. Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and chest x-rays may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of colon cancer is made, the doctor will determine the stage of the cancer, which helps determine the best course of treatment.
Staging is based on the size and location of the tumor, as well as whether it has spread to other parts of the body.
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