1. Laj: Risk pou yon moun gen yon atak kè ogmante avèk laj, sitou apre l gen 45 an pou gason e 55 an pou fi.
2. Nivo kolestewòl ki wo: Nivo kolestewòl LDL (move) ki wo ak nivo kolestewòl HDL (bon) ki ba ka ogmante risk pou yon moun gen yon atak kè.
3. Tansyon wo: Tansyon wo ki pa kontwole ka domaje atè yo e sa ka fè moun nan gen plis chans pou l gen yon atak kè.
4. Dyabèt: Moun ki gen dyabèt gen plis risk pou yo gen yon atak kè akòz domaj sik nan san ki wo ka lakòz nan veso sangen yo.
5. Si ou twò gwo oswa ou twò gra: Si ou twò gwo, sa ka ogmante risk pou ou gen yon atak kè paske li ka lakòz lòt bagay tankou tansyon wo ak dyabèt.
6. Pa fè egzèsis: Si yon moun pa fè egzèsis, sa ka fè l gen maladi kè e sa ka fè l gen plis chans pou l fè yon kriz kadyak.
7. Fimen: Fimen se yon gwo faktè ki ka fè moun gen yon atak kè, paske li domaje veso sangen yo e li fè gen plis chans pou san yo vin boul.
8. Istwa fanmi: Si gen yon fanmi ki gen maladi kè, sa ka ogmante risk pou yon moun gen yon atak kè.
9. Fibrillation auriculaire: Sa se yon ritm kè ki pa nòmal ki ka ogmante risk pou yon moun fè yon kriz kadyak ak yon kriz tansyon.
10. Yon atak kè oswa yon konjesyon serebral ki te deja fèt: Moun ki te deja fè yon atak kè oswa yon konjesyon serebral gen plis chans pou yo fè yon lòt atak ankò.
11. Estrès: Estrès ki pa sispann ka fè moun gen maladi kè e sa ka fè moun gen plis chans pou yo gen yon atak kè.
12. Maladi otoiminitè: Maladi tankou lupus ak atrit rimatoyid kapab ogmante risk pou fanm gen maladi kè.
13. Pwoblèm sante ki gen rapò ak gwosès: Fi ki gen dyabèt oswa tansyon wo pandan gwosès yo gen plis chans pou yo gen maladi kè lè yo vin granmoun.
14. Nivo estwojèn ki ba: Fi ki te pase nan menopoz oswa ki te fè yon isterektomi gen nivo estwojèn ki ba, sa ki ka ogmante risk pou yo gen maladi kè konpare ak fanm ki pa t fè sa.
Li enpòtan pou note ke pandan ke kèk faktè risk, tankou laj ak istwa fanmi, pa ka chanje, anpil lòt moun ka jere pa chanjman nan vi ak entèvansyon medikal.
Regilye tchèkòp, kenbe yon rejim alimantè ki an sante, fè egzèsis regilyèman, kite fimen, ak jere kondisyon kwonik tankou tansyon wo ak dyabèt ka ede diminye risk pou atak kè.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
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What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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