Olee otú e si achọpụta na mmadụ na-arịa ọrịa cancer?
A na-achọpụta ọrịa kansa afọ site n'iji ule na usoro dị iche iche eme ihe, bụ́ ndị pụrụ ịgụnye:
1. Nnyocha ahụ́: Dọkịta ga-eme nnyocha ahụ́ iji chọpụta ma è nwere ihe na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ ihe àmà nke ọrịa.
2. Nnyocha ọbara: Nnyocha ọbara pụrụ inye aka ịchọpụta ma è nwere ihe ndị na-adịghị mma n'ọbara bụ́ ndị pụrụ igosi na e nwere ọrịa cancer.
3. Nnyocha nsị: Nnyocha nsị pụrụ ịchọpụta ọnụnọ nke ọbara n'ime nsị, bụ́ nke pụrụ ịbụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa cancer afọ.
4. Colonoscopy: Nke a bụ usoro e ji etinye ọkpọkọ dị gịrịgịrị, nke na-agbanwe agbanwe nke nwere ìhè na igwefoto n'akụkụ ya n'ime rectum iji nyochaa afọ.
N'oge a na-eme colonoscopy, dọkịta ahụ pụkwara iwere ihe nlele anụ ahụ (biopsies) iji nyochaa ma è nwere mkpụrụ ndụ kansa.
5. Sigmoidoscopy: Dị ka colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy na-enyocha akụkụ dị n'okpuru nke colon.
6. Virtual colonoscopy: Nke a bụ CT scan nke colon nke na-emepụta ihe oyiyi 3D nke colon na rectum.
7. Nnyocha ọbara zoro ezo n'ime nsị: Nnyocha a na-enyocha ọnụnọ ọbara n'ime nsị, bụ́ nke pụrụ igosi ọnụnọ nke ọrịa cancer.
8. Enema barium nwere ọdịiche abụọ: Nke a bụ nyocha ụzarị ọkụ nke colon na rectum, bụ́ nke a na-eji ihe na-emegide ihe eme iji mee ka ihe ọ bụla na-adịghị mma pụta ìhè.
9. Biopsy: Biopsy bụ iwepụ obere anụ ahụ site n'akwara ukwu iji nyochaa ya n'okpuru microscope iji chọpụta ma mkpụrụ ndụ kansa hà dị.
10. Nnyocha ihe oyiyi: A pụrụ iji CT scans, MRI scans, na chest x-rays mee ihe iji chọpụta ma ọrịa cancer ọ̀ agbasawo n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ahụ.
Ozugbo a chọpụtara na ọ na-arịa ọrịa cancer, dọkịta ga-ekpebi ụdị ọrịa cancer ọ bụ, nke a ga-enyekwara ya aka ikpebi otú a ga-esi gwọọ ya.
A na-adabere n'otú akụrụngwa ahụ hà na ebe ọ dị, nakwa ma ọ̀ gbasara n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ahụ́.
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Khan FA, Albalawi R, Pottoo FH: Trends in targeted delivery of nanomaterials in colon cancer diagnosis and treatment. Med Res Rev. 2022, 42 (1): 227-258.
Shi J, Fei J, Yi Q, Shen L, Wan B, Chen Y, Chang Q: Treatment of colon cancer in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report. BMC Cancer. 2018, 18 (1): 961.
Ren QG, Huang T, Yang SL, Hu JL: Colon cancer metastasis to the mandibular gingiva with partial occult squamous differentiation: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol. 2017, 6 (2): 189-192.
Feng HT, Zou S, Chen M, Xiong F, Lee MH, Fang L, Tang BZ: Tuning Push-Pull Electronic Effects of AIEgens to Boost the Theranostic Efficacy for Colon Cancer. J Am Chem Soc. 2020, 142 (26): 11442-11450.
Slattery ML, Kerber RA: The impact of family history of colon cancer on survival after diagnosis with colon cancer. Int J Epidemiol. 1995, 24 (5): 888-96.
Tada M: [Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer]. Rinsho Byori. 1990, 38 (4): 403-6.
Nkwupụta: ọgwụgwọ
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Biko rịba ama na netwọkụ akwara nke na-emepụta azịza nye ajụjụ ndị ahụ, bụ ihe na-ezighi ezi mgbe ọ na-abịa na ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọnụọgụ ndị mmadụ chọpụtara na ọrịa akọwapụtara.
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How is colon cancer diagnosed?
Colon cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Physical examination: A doctor will perform a physical examination to check for any abnormalities or signs of illness.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can help determine if there are any abnormalities in the blood that may indicate the presence of cancer.
3. Stool tests: A stool test can detect the presence of blood in the stool, which may be a sign of colon cancer.
4. Colonoscopy: This is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end is inserted into the rectum to examine the colon.
During a colonoscopy, the doctor can also take tissue samples (biopsies) to be examined for cancer cells.
5. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy, a sigmoidoscopy examines the lower part of the colon.
6. Virtual colonoscopy: This is a CT scan of the colon that creates a 3D image of the colon and rectum.
7. Fecal occult blood test: This test checks for the presence of blood in the stool, which may indicate the presence of cancer.
8. Double-contrast barium enema: This is an x-ray examination of the colon and rectum, in which a contrast material is used to highlight any abnormalities.
9. Biopsy: A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue from the colon for examination under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
10. Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and chest x-rays may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of colon cancer is made, the doctor will determine the stage of the cancer, which helps determine the best course of treatment.
Staging is based on the size and location of the tumor, as well as whether it has spread to other parts of the body.
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