Hkum shan nra hta ana byin ai shaloi, ana byin ai madang hte machyi ai lam hpe madung tawn nna, machyi masha a hkamja lam hte shi ra sharawng ai lam hpe madung tawn nna tsi lajang mai ai lam law law nga ai.
Dai hta lawm ai lawu na tsi ni gaw:
1. Active surveillance: Ndai ladat hta, ana hpe kalang ta tsi lajang ai lam n galaw ai sha, chyahkring hkring sawk jep nna ana hpe atsawm sha yu ai lam lawm ai.
Dai gaw, n hkrit tsang ra ai prostate cancer ana lu ai la ni a matu akyu nga ai.
2. Hkamja lam: Lawu shan hpe shaw kau ai lam (prostatectomy) ngu ai gaw, lawu shan hpe shaw kau ai lam re.
Dai hpe hpaw ai lam hku nna (sh) laparoscopic (n-gun kaji hte laksan arung arai ni hpe lang nna) galaw mai ai.
3. Radiation therapy: Ndai tsi gaw, cancer ana hpe sat kau lu na matu, n-gun grai ja ai radiation hpe lang ai.
Dai hpe hkum hkrang shinggan kaw na (shing nrai, hkum hkrang kata kaw na) shinggan de (shing nrai, hkum hkrang kata kaw na) htu bang ya ai.
4. Hormone tsi: Ndai tsi gaw, hkum hkrang hta nga ai lasha a hormone (androgen) ni hpe yawm shangun nna, prostate cancer galu kaba wa ai hpe jahkring kau ya ai.
Dai hpe kaga tsi ni hte rau lang mai ai.
5. Chemotherapy: Dai tsi gaw, cancer ana hpe tsi hte tsi kau ya ai.
Dai hpe hkum hkrang a kaga daw de chyam bra wa ai prostate cancer a matu jai lang mai ai.
6. Immunotherapy: Dai tsi gaw, ana ninghkap ai atsam hpe karum ya ai.
Kaga tsi ni nmai tsi ai prostate cancer hpe tsi ya ai shaloi mung mai lang ai.
7. Targeted therapy: Dai gaw, cancer ana byin ai shaloi, ana kap ai wa a sai hta rawng ai gene (sh) protein ni hpe madung tawn nna tsi lajang ai lam re.
Kaga tsi ni nmai tsi ai prostate cancer hpe tsi ya ai shaloi mung mai lang ai.
8. Cryotherapy: Dai tsi gaw, grai kahtet ai shara hta, cancer ana hpe jahkring kau nna, dai ana hpe sat kau ya ai.
Dai hpe shawng nnan byin wa ai prostate cancer (sh) kaga tsi ni hpe bai lang ai hpang bai byin wa ai cancer a matu mai lang ai.
9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): Ndai tsi gaw, ana htang maja ai lam hta, ana kap ai sai ni hpe kahtet nna jahten kau lu hkra, nsen galu kaba ni hpe lang ai.
Dai hpe shawng nnan byin wa ai prostate cancer (sh) kaga tsi ni hpe bai lang ai hpang bai byin wa ai cancer a matu mai lang ai.
10. Myit yu let la nga ai lam: Ndai ladat hta, ana hpe ayan jep yu nna, ana jep ai lam ni hte atsawm sha yu lajang ai lam lawm ai.
Asak kaba sai la ni hta, prostate cancer hte kaga ana ni loi loi byin wa yang, ndai tsi hpe lu mai ai.
Dai majaw, ana langai hpra a matu kaja htum tsi lajang ai lam hpe chye na matu, tsi sarawun hte bawngban ra ai.
Wang Y, Chen J, Wu Z, Ding W, Gao S, Gao Y, Xu C: Mechanisms of enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer and therapeutic strategies to overcome it. Br J Pharmacol. 2021, 178 (2): 239-261.
Talkar SS, Patravale VB: Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021, 21 (3): 385-396.
Šamija I, Fröbe A: CHALLENGES IN MANIPULATING IMMUNE SYSTEM TO TREAT PROSTATE CANCER. Acta Clin Croat. 2019, 58 (Suppl 2): 76-81.
Akaza H, Hinotsu S, Usami M, Ogawa O, Kagawa S, Kitamura T, Tsukamoto T, Naito S, Hirao Y, Murai M, Yamanaka H, Namiki M: The case for androgen deprivation as primary therapy for early stage disease: results from J-CaP and CaPSURE. J Urol. 2006, 176 (6 Pt 2): S47-9.
Abraham-Miranda J, Awasthi S, Yamoah K: Immunologic disparities in prostate cancer between American men of African and European descent. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2021, 164 (): 103426.
de Vrij J, Willemsen RA, Lindholm L, Hoeben RC, Bangma CH, Barber C, Behr JP, Briggs S, Carlisle R, Cheng WS, Dautzenberg IJ, de Ridder C, Dzojic H, Erbacher P, Essand M, Fisher K, Frazier A, Georgopoulos LJ, Jennings I, Kochanek S, Koppers-Lalic D, Kraaij R, Kreppel F, Magnusson M, Maitland N, Neuberg P, Nugent R, Ogris M, Remy JS, Scaife M, Schenk-Braat E, Schooten E, Seymour L, Slade M, Szyjanowicz P, Totterman T, Uil TG, Ulbrich K, van der Weel L, van Weerden W, Wagner E, Zuber G: Adenovirus-derived vectors for prostate cancer gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 2010, 21 (7): 795-805.
Lee E, Ha S, Logan SK: Divergent Androgen Receptor and Beta-Catenin Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One. 2015, 10 (10): e0141589.
['N hkap la ai lam: tsi mawan']
['Ndai website gaw hpaji jaw ai hte chye na matu sha galaw da ai.']
['Ndai laika buk hta lawm ai lam ni hpe hkamja lam hte seng nna, ana jep ai (sh) tsi ai lam hta n mai jai lang ai.']
['Ga san ni a mahtai hpe shapraw ya ai neural net gaw, ga shadawn, masha langai ngai hta ana langai ngai mu lu ai lam ni hpe madun ai shaloi, n hkrak ai.']
['Ndai website hta mu lu ai lam ni a majaw, tsi sarawun ni a hpaji jaw ga hpe galoi mung n madat ai sha, hpang hkrat ai lam n galaw u. Tsi hte seng nna, ra kadawn nga ai lam nga yang, 911 hpe shaga u. Ndai website hte dai hpe lang ai lam gaw, tsi sarawun hte machyi masha lapran hku hkau lam n nga ai. BioMedLib hte shi a bungli galaw masha ni, ndai website hta shang lawm ai ni kadai mung, ndai kaw lawm ai shiga hte seng nna, tsun mayu ai lam (sh) tsun ai hku nna, hpa ga sadi jaw ai lam n nga ai.']
['Hti na ahkang n nga ai: copyright']
['1998 ning Digital Millennium Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) gaw Internet kaw mara da ai lam ni gaw US copyright law npu na madu a ahkaw ahkang hpe tawt lai ai ngu kam ai copyright madu ni hpe ahkaw ahkang jaw da ai.']
['Anhte a website hte seng nna, (sh) anhte a magam bungli ni hte seng nna, mara shagun da ai lam ni gaw, na a copyright hpe tawt lai ai ngu nna nang kam ai nga yang, dai lam ni hpe dawm kau na matu (sh) dai ni hpe n mai lu hkra pat kau na matu, nang (sh) na a kasa gaw anhte hpe shana mai ai.']
['Dai shiga ni hpe laika hte ka nna email hte shagun ra ai (email address hpe "Contact" daw kaw mu lu na re).']
['Dai DMCA gaw, na a copyright tawt lai ai lam hpe shana ai hta lawu na lam ni lawm ra ai: (1) tawt lai ai ngu ai copyright lu ai bungli a lam; (2) tawt lai ai ngu ai lam hte seng ai lam hte dai hpe mu tam lu na matu anhte hpe karum ya ai lam; (3) na a matut mahkai lam, na a shara, phone number hte email hte seng ai lam ni; (4) nang mara shagun ai lam gaw copyright madu, shi a agent (sh) tara upadi hte n seng ai ngu ai hpe nang kam ai lam.']
['(5) N teng n man ai sakse hkam ai lam hte seng nna, nang masat da ai hte maren, shana ai lam hta lawm ai shiga ni gaw teng man ai hte, nang tawt lai ai ngu ai copyright hpe hkan sa na ahkang nga ai lam.']
['hte (6) copyright madu a mying hte galaw na ahkang lu ai wa a hkum hkrang (sh) electronic signature.']
['Lahta na lam ni hpe n ka bang ai rai yang, nang shagun ai laika hpe hpang hkrat ai hte n mai htang ai.']
['Matut Mahkai U']
['Gara hku mung san mayu yang email hte shana ya rit.']
How to treat prostate cancer?
There are several treatment options available for prostate cancer, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and personal preferences.
Some common treatments include:
1. Active surveillance: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, rather than immediately starting treatment.
It may be suitable for men with low-risk prostate cancer.
2. Surgery: A prostatectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the prostate gland.
It can be done through open surgery or laparoscopically (using small incisions and specialized tools).
3. Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.
It can be delivered externally (from a machine outside the body) or internally (through implants placed near the tumor).
4. Hormone therapy: This treatment reduces the levels of male hormones (androgens) in the body, which can slow or stop the growth of prostate cancer.
It can be used alone or in combination with other treatments.
5. Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
6. Immunotherapy: This treatment helps the immune system fight cancer.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
7. Targeted therapy: This treatment targets specific genes or proteins that help cancer cells grow and survive.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
8. Cryotherapy: This treatment uses extreme cold to freeze and kill cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): This treatment uses high-frequency sound waves to heat and destroy cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
10. Watchful waiting: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, but not starting treatment unless symptoms appear or change.
It may be suitable for older men with slow-growing prostate cancer and other serious health conditions.
It is important to discuss all treatment options with a healthcare team to determine the best course of action for each individual case.
Disclaimer: medical
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Disclaimer: copyright
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['Hkrang']
['BioMedLib gaw ga san hte mahtai yan hpe shapraw na matu computer (machine-learning algorithms) ni hpe lang ai.']
['Anhte gaw PubMed/Medline kaw na tsi hpaji hte seng ai laika buk wan 35 hte hpang ai. RefinedWeb kaw na mung re.']
