Mũrimũ wa ngoro ũrĩa wĩtagwo na rĩtwa rĩngĩ rĩa mũrimũ wa gũkua ciĩga cia ngoro (myocardial infarction), ũrehaga thĩna wa gũkinya kwa thakame ciĩga-inĩ imwe cia ngoro, na ũndũ ũcio ũgatũma tũhengereta twa ngoro tũkue.
Ũndũ ũcio wĩkĩkaga nĩ ũndũ wa kũhingĩrĩrio kwa mũkiha wa ngoro nĩ thakame kũingĩha, na kaingĩ ũndũ ũcio ũrehagwo nĩ mũrimũ wa gũthũkio gwa thakame.
Tũcunjĩ tũu tũthondeketwo na cholesterol, maguta, tũcunjĩ tũrĩa tũrutaga wĩra wa gũthondeka thakame, calcium, na fibrin.
Rĩrĩa kĩndũ kĩu kĩratũrĩka, thakame no yũmbĩke, ĩgathũkia mũkiha ũcio na ĩgatiga thakame ĩrĩ na oksijeni ĩkinye thĩinĩ wa ngoro.
Nĩ ũndũ wa kwaga rĩera rĩa kũigana thĩinĩ wa ngoro, tũhengereta twaguo tũgakua, na ũndũ ũcio ũgatũma mũndũ arũare mũrimũ wa ngoro.
Ndariri cia mũrimũ wa ngoro no ikorwo na ruo rwa gĩthũri, kũhĩahĩa, kũigua ũũru, kũhũyũka, na ruo rwa moko, ngingo, rũthĩa, kana thutha.
Ũrigitani wa mũrimũ wa ngoro kaingĩ ũkoragwo ũrĩ gũcokia thakame mwĩrĩ-inĩ wa ngoro na ihenya o ũrĩa kũngĩhoteka, kũgerera ndawa kana njĩra ingĩ ta angioplasty na stenting kana kũhũthia mũkiha wa ngoro.
Nĩ ũndũ wa bata kũmenya atĩ mũrimũ wa gũkua ngoro nĩ mũritũ mũno na ũhutĩtie maũndũ maingĩ, ta ma kĩĩmerera, mũtũũrĩre, na maũndũ mangĩ ma kũndũ kũrĩa mũndũ aikaraga.
Maũndũ marĩa mangĩtũma mũndũ anyitwo nĩ mũrimũ wa ngoro nĩ ta, kũhaica kwa thakame, cholesterol, kũnyua thigara, cukari, kũneneha, kwaga kũnogora mwĩrĩ, na gũkorũo na mũrimũ wa ngoro thĩinĩ wa famĩlĩ.
Kũhiũrania na maũndũ macio no kũgirĩrĩrie mũndũ kũgĩa na mũrimũ wa ngoro.
Scott J: Pathophysiology and biochemistry of cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2004, 14 (3): 271-9.
Liu Chung Ming C, Sesperez K, Ben-Sefer E, Arpon D, McGrath K, McClements L, Gentile C: Considerations to Model Heart Disease in Women with Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells. 2021, 10 (4): .
Hansen J, Victor RG: Direct measurement of sympathetic activity: new insights into disordered blood pressure regulation in chronic renal failure. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1994, 3 (6): 636-43.
LaMacchia JC, Roth MB: Aquaporins-2 and -4 regulate glycogen metabolism and survival during hyposmotic-anoxic stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015, 309 (2): C92-6.
Tham YK, Bernardo BC, Ooi JY, Weeks KL, McMullen JR: Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: signaling pathways and novel therapeutic targets. Arch Toxicol. 2015, 89 (9): 1401-38.
Lonn E: The clinical relevance of pharmacological blood pressure lowering mechanisms. Can J Cardiol. 2004, 20 Suppl B (): 83B-88B.
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['Ũhoro ũrĩa ũrĩ thĩinĩ wa broshua ĩyo ndwagĩrĩirũo kũhũthĩrũo gũthima kana kũrigita mũrimũ mũna, na arĩa marenda ũtaaro wa ũrigitani magĩrĩirũo gũcaria ũteithio wa ndagĩtarĩ.']
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["Marũa macio magĩrĩire gũtũmwo na njĩra ya kwandĩkwo na e-mail (rora ũhoro wa andirethi gĩcunjĩinĩ kĩa 'Maũndũ ma kwaranĩria')."]
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['(5) nĩ mwandĩkanĩire, na nĩ mũkũheo mũkaana wa kũheenania, atĩ ũhoro ũrĩa ũrĩ kĩmenyithiainĩ kĩu nĩ wa ma na atĩ mũrĩ na ũhoti wa kũhingia ihooto iria mũreganĩte nacio;']
['na (6) kĩrore kĩa mwene kĩhoto kana kĩa mũndũ wĩtĩkĩritio gwĩtongoria handũ ha mwene kĩhoto.']
['Kwaga kwandĩka ũhoro ũcio wothe no gũtũme gũtangĩka gwaku kũhĩtũke.']
['Ũhoro wa Kwaranĩria']
['Tũma ndũmĩrĩri ya kũbucia kũgerera thimũ kana thimũ ya mohoro.']
What is pathophysiology of heart attack?
The pathophysiology of a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, involves the disruption of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to the death of heart cells.
This typically occurs due to the obstruction of a coronary artery by a blood clot, which is often the result of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries.
The plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.
When a plaque ruptures, it can cause a blood clot to form, which can block the artery and prevent oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart muscle.
This lack of oxygen causes the heart muscle cells to die, leading to a heart attack.
The extent of the damage depends on the size of the area supplied by the blocked artery and the time between the attack and treatment.
Symptoms of a heart attack can include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
Treatment for a heart attack usually involves restoring blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible, either through medication or procedures such as angioplasty and stenting or coronary artery bypass surgery.
It is important to note that the pathophysiology of a heart attack is complex and involves multiple factors, including genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors.
Risk factors for heart attack include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical activity, and a family history of heart disease.
Managing these risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack.
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