Borstkanker weurt gediagnosticeerd door 'n combinatie vaan tests en procedures, die kinne oonder mie:
1. Klinisch borstonderzeuk: 'ne Geneesheer zal de borste oonderzeuke op knóppe, veranderinge in groete of vörm of aander abnormaliteite.
2. Mammogram: 'n röntgenfoto vaan de borst die abnormaliteite kin opspoore zelfs veur ze gevoonde kinne weure.
3. Ultrasone klank: 'n Test die geluidsgolve gebruuk um 'n beeld te make vaan 't borstweefsel, wat kin helpe bepaole of 'n knobbel vas is of gevöld mèt vloeistof.
4. MRI: 'n Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan gebruuk 'n magnetisch veld en radiogolve um gedetailleerde beelde vaan 't borstweefsel te make.
5. Biopsie: 'n Klein veurbeeld vaan borstweefsel weurt oetgenome en oonder 'n microscoop oonderzeuk um vas te stèlle of dao kankercelle aonwezig zien.
6. Bloedonderzeuke: Bepaolde bloodonderzeuke, wie 'n compleet bloodbeeld of tumormarkers, kinne weure gedoon um te helpe 't stadium vaan de kanker te bepaole of de behandeling te controlere.
7. Genetische teste: Es d'r 'n familiegesjiedenis vaan borstkanker is, kinne genetische teste weure gedoon um vas te stèlle of d'r 'n geërfde genmutatie is die 't risico op 't oontwikkele vaan borstkanker verhoogt.
8. Bone scan, CT scan of PET scan: Dees beeldtests kinne weure gedoon um vas te stèlle of de kanker zich heet verspreid nao aander deile vaan 't lief.
Es de diagnose vaan borstkanker is gemaak, kinne wijer teste weure gedoon um 't stadium en de graod vaan de kanker te bepaole, wat de behandelbeslissinge helpt begeleie.
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Dewar MA, Love N: Legal issues in managing breast disease. Postgrad Med. 1992, 92 (5): 137-40, 143-4, 149-51 passim.
Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan P: Breast cancer statistics and markers. J Cancer Res Ther. , 10 (3): 506-11.
Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.
Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.
Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.
Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.
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How is breast cancer diagnosed?
Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.
2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.
3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.
4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.
5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.
7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
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