La fisiopatologia del cancer del colon la se riferiss ai mecanism e ai process che g'hann de fà su el svilup e la progression del cancer del colon.
El cancher de colon, cognossüü anca cuma cancher colorettale, l"è un tipo de cancher che 'l cumincia in del colon o del retto, che hinn part de l'intestino grosso.
De solet el cumincia cuma una cressita ciamada polip, che la pœl diventar cancer in del temp.
La fisiopatologia del cancher de colon la coinvolge divèrsi fatùr, cuma i mutaziun genetich, l'infiamaziun e i fatùr ambientai.
I mutazion genetich pœden capitar ind el DNA dei cellule del colon, qe i porta a una cressida e division cellulare incontrolada.
Cheste mutaziun pœden vesser eredità o acquistade, e pœden influenzà vari geni coinvolts ind la cressida, la divisiun e la riparaziun de la cellula.
L'infiammazion del colon, che pœu vesser causada de condizion come la malattia inflamatoria del colon, pœu anca aumentar el ris'c de cancer del colon.
L'infiammazion cronica pœl portar a la liberazion de sostanze chimiche qe favorissen la cressida e la division cellulare, qe pœden portar al svilup del cancher.
I fattur ambient, cuma la dieta, el stil de vita e l'esposiziun a certi chimich, pœden anca contribuir al svilup del cancher de colon.
Una dieta rica de carni rosse e processade, per esempi, l"è stada ligada a un ris'c aumentad de cancher de colon.
Olter fattur, cuma l'obesità, el fumà e la mancanza de ativitaa fisica, pœden anca aumentà el ris'c.
Una volta qe el cancher de colon se sviluppa, el pœl progredir in vari stadi, de la fase primitiva del cancher qe l"è confinad al colon a stadie plu avanzad indove el cancher el s"è spantegad a olter part del corp.
I cellule cancerose pœden invader tessud e orghen vesin, e pœden anca spantegar-s in del sistema linfatich o del flus sanguigno a sit distant, comè el fegad o i polmon.
El tratament per el cancher de colon de solet l'implica una combinazion de chirurgia, chemioterapia e radioterapia, a segonda del stadie e de la posizion del cancher.
La rilevazion e el tratament precoz sun la ciav per migliurà i resultà, perchè el cancher de colon l"è despess curabil quand l"è rilevà in di sò prim stadi.
I control regolar, cuma la colonoscopia, pœden jutar a rilevà el cancher al colon ai prim stadi, quand l"è pussee curabil.
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Sharma SH, Thulasingam S, Nagarajan S: Terpenoids as anti-colon cancer agents - A comprehensive review on its mechanistic perspectives. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017, 795 (): 169-178.
Keshk WA, Zineldeen DH, Wasfy RE, El-Khadrawy OH: Fatty acid synthase/oxidized low-density lipoprotein as metabolic oncogenes linking obesity to colon cancer via NF-kappa B in Egyptians. Med Oncol. 2014, 31 (10): 192.
Dongfeng D, An C, Shujia P, Jikai Y, Tao Y, Rui D, Kai T, Yafeng C, Jianguo L, Xilin D: Explanation of colon cancer pathophysiology through analyzing the disrupted homeostasis of bile acids. Afr Health Sci. 2014, 14 (4): 925-8.
Tammali R, Ramana KV, Srivastava SK: Aldose reductase regulates TNF-alpha-induced PGE2 production in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2007, 252 (2): 299-306.
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What is pathophysiology of colon cancer?
The pathophysiology of colon cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of colon cancer.
Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the large intestine.
It typically starts as a growth called a polyp, which can develop into cancer over time.
The pathophysiology of colon cancer involves several factors, including genetic mutations, inflammation, and environmental factors.
Genetic mutations can occur in the DNA of colon cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and division.
These mutations can be inherited or acquired, and they can affect various genes involved in cell growth, division, and repair.
Inflammation in the colon, which can be caused by conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, can also increase the risk of colon cancer.
Chronic inflammation can lead to the release of chemicals that promote cell growth and division, potentially leading to the development of cancer.
Environmental factors, such as diet, lifestyle, and exposure to certain chemicals, can also contribute to the development of colon cancer.
A diet high in red and processed meats, for example, has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
Other factors, such as obesity, smoking, and lack of physical activity, can also increase the risk.
Once colon cancer develops, it can progress through several stages, from early-stage cancer that is confined to the colon to more advanced stages where the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
The cancer cells can invade nearby tissues and organs, and may also spread through the lymphatic system or bloodstream to distant sites, such as the liver or lungs.
Treatment for colon cancer typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depending on the stage and location of the cancer.
Early detection and treatment are key to improving outcomes, as colon cancer is often curable when caught in its early stages.
Regular screening, such as colonoscopy, can help detect colon cancer at its earliest stages, when it is most treatable.
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