Prostate cancer enkawl dân kawng hrang hrang a awm a, chu chu a cancer dinhmun leh a nat dân azirin a ni a, damlo hrisêlna leh a duhzâwng azirin a ni bawk.
A enkawl dân tlangpui chu:
1. Enkawlna ṭha: He tih dân hian inenkawlna ṭan nghâl mai aiin, cancer chu enfiah leh fiahna neih ziahna hmanga ngun taka enkawla enkawl a ni.
Hmeichhe hrisêlna ṭha lo tak nei, prostate cancer vei tân pawh a ṭha mai thei.
2. Inenkawlna: Prostatectomy chu pûktîr (prostate gland) lâk chhuahna a ni.
Chu chu inentîrna (open surgery) emaw, laparoscopic (thawlhna tê tak tê leh hmanrua hmanna bik) emaw hmanga tih theih a ni.
3. Radiation therapy: He inenkawlnaah hian cancer cells tihhlum nân radiation chakna sâng tak hman a ni.
Chu chu pâwn lam (taksa pâwna khawl hmanga) emaw, chhûng lam (tûma bula dah implant hmanga) emawa pêk theih a ni.
4. Hormone therapy: He inenkawlna hian taksa chhûnga mipa hormone (androgen) awmte a tiziaawm a, chu chuan prostate cancer ṭhan chakna chu a titâwp thei a ni.
Amah chauhvin emaw, damdawi dang nêna hman kawp emaw a ni thei a.
5. Chemotherapy: He inenkawlnaah hian cancer cells tihhlum nân damdawi hman a ni.
Taksa hmun danga a darh tawh prostate cancer nasa tak tân hman theih a ni.
6. Immunotherapy: He inenkawlna hian cancer do tûrin immune system a ṭanpui a ni.
Damdawi dang hmanga enkawlna dang dawng lo prostate cancer nasa tak enkawl nân hman theih a ni.
7. Targeted therapy: He inenkawlna hian cancer cell ṭhanglian leh dam khawchhuahna tûra ṭanpui thei gene emaw, protein emawte chu a tum ber a ni.
Damdawi dang hmanga enkawlna dang dawng lo prostate cancer nasa tak enkawl nân hman theih a ni.
8. Cryotherapy: He inenkawlna hian cancer cells-te chu a tihhlum nân a vawh lutukna chu a hmang a ni.
Chu chu prostate cancer ṭantirh lai emaw, enkawlna dang aṭanga a lo awm leh tawhna emaw tân a ni thei.
9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): He inenkawlnaah hian cancer cells-te tih lum leh tihchhiat nân ri ri tam tak hman a ni.
Chu chu prostate cancer ṭantirh lai emaw, enkawlna dang aṭanga a lo awm leh tawhna emaw tân a ni thei.
10. Enkawl uluk: He tih dân hian cancer chu enfiah leh endikna neih ziahna hmanga ngun taka ennawn a ni a, mahse, symptom a lan chhuah emaw, a danglam emaw chauhvin inenkawlna chu ṭan a ni.
Chu chu a ṭhan chak vak lo leh natna dang neite tân pawh a ṭha hle thei a ni.
Mi mal tân a ṭha ber tûr hriat nân damdawi in enkawltu pâwl nêna inenkawlna kawng hrang hrang sawiho chu a pawimawh hle.
Wang Y, Chen J, Wu Z, Ding W, Gao S, Gao Y, Xu C: Mechanisms of enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer and therapeutic strategies to overcome it. Br J Pharmacol. 2021, 178 (2): 239-261.
Talkar SS, Patravale VB: Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021, 21 (3): 385-396.
Šamija I, Fröbe A: CHALLENGES IN MANIPULATING IMMUNE SYSTEM TO TREAT PROSTATE CANCER. Acta Clin Croat. 2019, 58 (Suppl 2): 76-81.
Akaza H, Hinotsu S, Usami M, Ogawa O, Kagawa S, Kitamura T, Tsukamoto T, Naito S, Hirao Y, Murai M, Yamanaka H, Namiki M: The case for androgen deprivation as primary therapy for early stage disease: results from J-CaP and CaPSURE. J Urol. 2006, 176 (6 Pt 2): S47-9.
Abraham-Miranda J, Awasthi S, Yamoah K: Immunologic disparities in prostate cancer between American men of African and European descent. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2021, 164 (): 103426.
de Vrij J, Willemsen RA, Lindholm L, Hoeben RC, Bangma CH, Barber C, Behr JP, Briggs S, Carlisle R, Cheng WS, Dautzenberg IJ, de Ridder C, Dzojic H, Erbacher P, Essand M, Fisher K, Frazier A, Georgopoulos LJ, Jennings I, Kochanek S, Koppers-Lalic D, Kraaij R, Kreppel F, Magnusson M, Maitland N, Neuberg P, Nugent R, Ogris M, Remy JS, Scaife M, Schenk-Braat E, Schooten E, Seymour L, Slade M, Szyjanowicz P, Totterman T, Uil TG, Ulbrich K, van der Weel L, van Weerden W, Wagner E, Zuber G: Adenovirus-derived vectors for prostate cancer gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 2010, 21 (7): 795-805.
Lee E, Ha S, Logan SK: Divergent Androgen Receptor and Beta-Catenin Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One. 2015, 10 (10): e0141589.
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How to treat prostate cancer?
There are several treatment options available for prostate cancer, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and personal preferences.
Some common treatments include:
1. Active surveillance: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, rather than immediately starting treatment.
It may be suitable for men with low-risk prostate cancer.
2. Surgery: A prostatectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the prostate gland.
It can be done through open surgery or laparoscopically (using small incisions and specialized tools).
3. Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.
It can be delivered externally (from a machine outside the body) or internally (through implants placed near the tumor).
4. Hormone therapy: This treatment reduces the levels of male hormones (androgens) in the body, which can slow or stop the growth of prostate cancer.
It can be used alone or in combination with other treatments.
5. Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
6. Immunotherapy: This treatment helps the immune system fight cancer.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
7. Targeted therapy: This treatment targets specific genes or proteins that help cancer cells grow and survive.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
8. Cryotherapy: This treatment uses extreme cold to freeze and kill cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): This treatment uses high-frequency sound waves to heat and destroy cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
10. Watchful waiting: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, but not starting treatment unless symptoms appear or change.
It may be suitable for older men with slow-growing prostate cancer and other serious health conditions.
It is important to discuss all treatment options with a healthcare team to determine the best course of action for each individual case.
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