Prostate cancer natna leh taksa lam natna chu eng nge ni?
Prostate cancer natna leh a natna inkaichhawn dân chu natna lo chhuahna leh a zual chhoh dân bulthuttu thil awmte a ni.
Prostate cancer hi cancer natna ṭha lo tak a ni a, mipaah chuan a bulpui hnuai lama awm, walnut ang deuh, taksa pêng tê tak mai, prostate gland aṭangin a lo chhuak a ni.
Prostate gland chuan chi thlahtu chi (semen) a siam chhuak a, chu chuan chi thlahtute chu a châwm a, a phur chhuak bawk.
Prostate cancer awm chhan chiah chu hriat chian a ni lo va, mahse, he natna vei theihna chance tizualtu thil tam tak a awm tih hriat a ni.
Chûng zîngah chuan kum te, chhûngkaw chanchin te, chi te, leh chi inthlâk danglamna engemaw te a tel a ni.
Prostate cancer hi upa lam mipaah a hluar zâwk a, a vei tam zâwk chu kum 65 chung lam an ni.
Chu bâkah, mipa, an chhûngkaw zîngah prostate cancer vei an awm chuan an hlauhawm zual a, African American leh Caribbean rama mi pawh an hlauhawm bawk.
Prostate cancer natna chu prostate gland chhûnga cell ṭhang chak lo leh inṭhen darh chak lo vâng a ni.
Chu chu chi inthlâkna (genetic mutation) avânga ṭhan chhohna thlentu chi hrang hrang nasa taka lang chhuak emaw, tumor suppressor genes a ṭhat loh vâng emaw a ni thei.
Chûng inthlâk danglamna chuan cell ṭhan chakna chu a thunun lo va, chu chuan tumor a siam thei a ni.
Chu chu a ṭhan chhoh zêl chuan, a bul hnaia taksa pêng leh taksa pêng dangte, a nih loh leh a bul hnaia lymph node-te a luah thei a ni.
Ṭhenkhatah chuan cancer cell chu a bulpui ber aṭangin a lo inṭhen a, thisen kal tlang emaw, lymphatic system emaw hmangin taksa hmun dangah a darh thei a, chu chu metastasis an tih a ni.
Cancer chu a darh zau tawh chuan enkawl a harsa lehzual thei a.
Prostate cancer chu hormone thiltihtheihna, a bîk takin androgen hormone testosterone chuan a thunun thei bawk.
Testosterone chuan prostate cancer cell ṭhan chakna a siam thei a, prostate cancer enkawlna tam tak chuan he hormone awm zat tihhniam emaw, a nghawng dang lo tûr emaw chu a tum a ni.
A tawi zawngin, prostate cancer natna chu a thunun theih lohva a ṭhan chhoh leh a inṭhen avânga lo awm a ni a, chu chu chi inthlah chhâwn te, hormone te, leh boruak awm dânte'n a thunun thei a ni.
Natna awmtîrtu chu hriat thiam chu enkawlna ṭha siam tûr leh prostate cancer vei damlote dinhmun siam ṭha tûrin a pawimawh hle.
Zobniw CM, Causebrook A, Fong MK: Clinical use of abiraterone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Res Rep Urol. 2014, 6 (): 97-105.
Lim HY, Agarwal AM, Agarwal N, Ward JH: Recurrent epistaxis as a presenting sign of androgen-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. Singapore Med J. 2009, 50 (5): e178-80.
Kohli M, Qin R, Jimenez R, Dehm SM: Biomarker-based targeting of the androgen-androgen receptor axis in advanced prostate cancer. Adv Urol. 2012, 2012 (): 781459.
Nelson JB, Hedican SP, George DJ, Reddi AH, Piantadosi S, Eisenberger MA, Simons JW: Identification of endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (9): 944-9.
Msaouel P, Nandikolla G, Pneumaticos SG, Koutsilieris M: Bone microenvironment-targeted manipulations for the treatment of osteoblastic metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013, 22 (11): 1385-400.
Kotani K, Sekine Y, Ishikawa S, Ikpot IZ, Suzuki K, Remaley AT: High-density lipoprotein and prostate cancer: an overview. J Epidemiol. 2013, 23 (5): 313-9.
Jadvar H: Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: a concise synopsis. Mol Imaging. , 8 (2): 56-64.
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What is pathophysiology of prostate cancer?
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease.
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-shaped organ located below the bladder in men.
The prostate gland produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
The exact cause of prostate cancer is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include age, family history, race, and certain genetic mutations.
Prostate cancer is more common in older men, with the majority of cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
Additionally, men with a family history of prostate cancer are at an increased risk, as are African American men and men of Caribbean descent.
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.
This can occur due to genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of certain growth factors or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
These mutations can result in the unregulated growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor.
As the tumor grows, it can invade nearby tissues and organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and nearby lymph nodes.
In some cases, cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.
Once the cancer has spread, it can be more difficult to treat.
Prostate cancer can also be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly the androgen hormone testosterone.
Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells, and many treatments for prostate cancer aim to reduce the levels of this hormone or block its effects.
In summary, the pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland, which can be influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments and improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.
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