Urtikaria, nan biaso disabuik sabagai gatal-gatal, adolah kondisi kulik nan ditandoi jo raso gatal, bintik-bintik nan dapek muncua di bagian tubuah apo pun.
Inyo dapek disababkan dek babagai faktor, tamasuak reaksi alergi, infeksi, atau kondisi medis nan alah ado sabalunnyo.
Parawatan untuak urtikaria bagantuang pado kaadaan panyakiknyo jo panyababnyo.
Barikuik adolah babarapo pilihan pangobatan nan umum:
1. Antihistamin: ubek ko dapek mangurangi gatal jo abuak dek mamblokir efek histamin, bahan kimia nan dilapehan dek tubuah salamo reaksi alergi.
Antihistamin nan indak paralu ditagih jo dokter sarupo diphenhydramine (Benadryl) atau loratadine (Claritin) dapek efektif dalam kasus ringan.
Pado kasus nan labiah parah, dotor dapek manantukan ubek antihistamin nan labiah kuek.
2. Kortikosteroid: Pado kasus antihistamin indak efektif, kortikosteroid sarupo prednison dapek diresepkan untuak mangurangi radang jo manekan sistem imun.
Ubek-ubek ko biasonyo diminum jo muluik dan dapek maagiah lansuang cegak.
3. Imunosupresan: Pado kasus urtikaria kronis nan indak manjawab ubek lain, ubek imunosupresan sarupo siklosporin atau methotrexate dapek diresepkan untuak manekan sistem imun jo mangurangi radang.
4. Omalizumab: ubek ko adolah antibodi monoklonal suntikan nan target jo mamblokir imunoglobulin E (IgE), sabuah protein nan talibat dalam reaksi alergi.
Ubek ko biasonyo digunokan untuak urtikaria kronis nan indak mananggapi ubek lain.
5. Jauahi panyababnyo: Mengenal jo mancagah panyabab nan manyababkan urtikaria dapek mambantu mancagah panyakik.
Panyakik ko biasonyo disababkan dek makanan, ubek, digigik sarangga, paneh, dingin, atau cahayo matoari.
6. Kompres dingin: Mambasuik-an kompres dingin ka tampek nan tasasak dapek maningkekan gatal jo abuak.
Deleanu D, Nedelea I, Petricau C, Leru P, Dumitrascu D, Muntean A: Clinical impact of omalizumab in refractory chronic urticaria: One centre experience. Exp Ther Med. 2019, 18 (6): 5078-5081.
Grundmann SA, Kiefer S, Luger TA, Brehler R: Delayed pressure urticaria - dapsone heading for first-line therapy? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2011, 9 (11): 908-12.
Staumont-Sallé D, Piette F, Delaporte E: [Etiological diagnosis and treatment of chronic urticaria]. Rev Med Interne. 2003, 24 (1): 34-44.
Akashi R, Ishiguro N, Shimizu S, Kawashima M: Clinical study of the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chronic urticaria and prurigo chronica multiformis: effectiveness of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori. J Dermatol. 2011, 38 (8): 761-6.
Calogiuri G, Nettis E, Mandurino-Mirizzi A, Di Leo E, Macchia L, Foti C, Vacca A, Kounis NG: Omalizumab for the Treatment of Persistent Drug Induced Urticaria Elicited by Thienopyridines: A Case Report. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2020, 19 (3): 335-339.
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How to treat urticaria?
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by itchy, raised welts that can appear on any part of the body.
It can be caused by various factors, including allergic reactions, infections, or underlying medical conditions.
Treatment for urticaria depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause.
Here are some common treatment options:
1. Antihistamines: These medications help to reduce itching and swelling by blocking the effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction.
Over-the-counter antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or loratadine (Claritin) can be effective in mild cases.
In more severe cases, a doctor may prescribe stronger antihistamines.
2. Corticosteroids: In cases where antihistamines are not effective, corticosteroids such as prednisone may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
These medications are usually taken orally and can provide quick relief.
3. Immunosuppressants: In cases of chronic urticaria that do not respond to other treatments, immunosuppressant drugs such as cyclosporine or methotrexate may be prescribed to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation.
4. Omalizumab: This medication is an injectable monoclonal antibody that targets and blocks immunoglobulin E (IgE), a protein involved in allergic reactions.
It is typically used for chronic urticaria that does not respond to other treatments.
5. Avoid triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers that cause urticaria can help prevent outbreaks.
Common triggers include certain foods, medications, insect bites, and exposure to heat, cold, or sunlight.
6. Cold compress: Applying a cold compress to the affected area can help reduce itching and swelling.
7. Wet wraps: Wet wraps can be used to soothe itching and reduce inflammation.
A damp cloth is wrapped around the affected area, and then a dry cloth is placed over it to retain moisture.
8. Phototherapy: Exposure to ultraviolet light can help suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in some cases of chronic urticaria.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment of urticaria.
They can help determine the underlying cause and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan.
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