Il- kanċer tas- sider jiġi dijanjostikat permezz taʼ kombinazzjoni taʼ testijiet u proċeduri, li jistgħu jinkludu:
1. Eżami kliniku tas- sider: Professjonist fil- kura tas- saħħa se jeżamina s- sider għal kwalunkwe bżieżaq, bidliet fid- daqs jew fil- forma, jew anormalitajiet oħra.
2. Mammogramma: Raġġ X tas- sider li jistaʼ jiskopri anormalitajiet saħansitra qabel ma jkunu jistgħu jinħassu.
3. Ultrasound: Test li juża l- mewġ tal- ħoss biex joħloq immaġini tat- tessut tas- sider, li jistaʼ jgħin biex jiddetermina jekk il- bulla hijiex solida jew mimlija b'likwidu.
4. MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) juża qasam manjetiku u mewġ tar- radju biex joħloq stampi dettaljati tat- tessut tas- sider.
5. Biopsja: Ġie tneħħi kampjun żgħir taʼ tessut tas- sider u jiġi eżaminat taħt mikroskopju biex jiġi ddeterminat jekk hemmx ċelloli tal- kanċer.
6. Testijiet tad- demm: Ċerti testijiet tad- demm, bħal għadd sħiħ tad- demm jew markers tat- tumur, jistgħu jsiru biex jgħinu jiddeterminaw l- istadju tal- kanċer jew biex jimmonitorjaw it- trattament.
7. Testijiet ġenetiċi: Jekk hemm storja tal- familja taʼ kanċer tas- sider, jistgħu jsiru testijiet ġenetiċi biex jiġi ddeterminat jekk hemmx mutazzjoni ġenetika ereditarja li żżid ir- riskju li tiżviluppa kanċer tas- sider.
8. Scan tal- għadam, CT scan, jew PET scan: Dawn it- testijiet tal- immaġini jistgħu jsiru biex jiġi ddeterminat jekk il- kanċerx imxerrda għal partijiet oħra tal- ġisem.
Ladarba ssir dijanjosi taʼ kanċer tas- sider, jistgħu jsiru iktar testijiet biex jiġi ddeterminat l- istadju u l- grad tal- kanċer, li jgħin biex jiġu mmexxija d- deċiżjonijiet dwar it- trattament.
Zahoor S, Lali IU, Khan MA, Javed K, Mehmood W: Breast Cancer Detection and Classification using Traditional Computer Vision Techniques: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Imaging. 2020, 16 (10): 1187-1200.
Dewar MA, Love N: Legal issues in managing breast disease. Postgrad Med. 1992, 92 (5): 137-40, 143-4, 149-51 passim.
Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan P: Breast cancer statistics and markers. J Cancer Res Ther. , 10 (3): 506-11.
Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.
Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.
Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.
Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.
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Riżerva ta' responsabbiltà: drittijiet tal-awtur
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Jekk temmen b'bona fidi li kwalunkwe kontenut jew materjal magħmul disponibbli b'rabta mal-websajt jew is-servizzi tagħna jikser id-drittijiet tal-awtur tiegħek, inti (jew l-aġent tiegħek) tista' tibgħatilna avviż li jitlob li l-kontenut jew il-materjal jitneħħa, jew li l-aċċess għalih jiġi mblukkat.
Id-DMCA teħtieġ li n-notifika tiegħek ta' ksur allegat tad-drittijiet tal-awtur tinkludi l-informazzjoni li ġejja: (1) deskrizzjoni tax-xogħol protett bid-drittijiet tal-awtur li huwa s-suġġett ta' ksur allegat; (2) deskrizzjoni tal-kontenut allegatament li jikser id-drittijiet tal-awtur u informazzjoni suffiċjenti biex inkunu nistgħu nsibu l-kontenut; (3) informazzjoni ta' kuntatt għalik, inkluż l-indirizz tiegħek, in-numru tat-telefon u l-indirizz tal-email; (4) dikjarazzjoni minnek li għandek twemmin ta' fidi tajba li l-kontenut bil-mod li dwaru l-ilment ġie ppreżentat mhuwiex awtorizzat mid-detentur tad-drittijiet tal-awtur, jew mill-aġent tiegħu, jew mill-operazzjoni ta' kwalunkwe liġi;
(5) stqarrija minnek, iffirmata taħt il-piena ta' perjuri, li l-informazzjoni fin-notifika hija preċiża u li għandek l-awtorità li tinforza d-drittijiet tal-awtur li huma ddikjarati li ġew miksura;
u (6) firma fiżika jew elettronika tas-sid tad-drittijiet tal-awtur jew ta' persuna awtorizzata li taġixxi f'isem is-sid tad-drittijiet tal-awtur.
In-nuqqas li tinkludi l-informazzjoni kollha ta' hawn fuq jista' jwassal għal dewmien fit-trattament tal-ilment tiegħek.
Kuntatt
Jekk jogħġbok ibgħatilna email b'kull mistoqsija / suġġeriment.
How is breast cancer diagnosed?
Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.
2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.
3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.
4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.
5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.
7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
Disclaimer: medical
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Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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