Id- dijabete mellitus hija grupp ta ' mard metaboliku kkaratterizzat minn livelli għoljin ta ' zokkor fid- demm (glukożju) li jirriżultaw minn difetti fis- sekrezzjoni tal- insulina, l- azzjoni tal- insulina, jew it- tnejn li huma.
Il- patofiżjoloġija tad- dijabete tinvolvi l- interazzjoni kumplessa taʼ fatturi ġenetiċi, ambjentali, u taʼ l- istil taʼ ħajja li jikkontribwixxu għall- żvilupp tal- marda.
Fid- dijabete tat- tip 1, il- patofiżjoloġija tinvolvi qerda autoimmuni taċ- ċelloli beta li jipproduċu l- insulina fil- pankreas, li twassal għal defiċjenza fil- produzzjoni tal- insulina.
Dan jirriżulta f' nuqqas ta ' kapaċità li jiġu rregolati l- livelli ta ' glucose fid- demm, li jwassal għal ipergliċemija (zokkor għoli fid- demm).
Fid- dijabete tat- tip 2, il- patofiżjoloġija hija aktar kumplessa u tinvolvi kemm reżistenza għall- insulina kif ukoll ħsara fis- sekrezzjoni tal- insulina.
Ir- reżistenza għall- insulina sseħħ meta ċ- ċelloli tal- ġisem ma jirrispondux kif suppost għall- insulina, u dan iwassal għal nuqqas ta ' ħila li jintuża b' mod effettiv il- glukożju għall- enerġija.
Dan jikkawża li l- pankreas jipproduċi aktar insulina biex jipprova jegħleb ir- reżistenza, iżda maż- żmien, il- pankreas jista ' ma jkunx kapaċi jżomm mal- domanda, u dan iwassal għal tnaqqis fil- produzzjoni ta ' insulina.
Id- dijabete ġestazzjonali, li sseħħ matul it- tqala, hija kkawżata minn bidliet ormonali li jwasslu għal reżistenza għall- insulina.
Il- plaċenta tipproduċi ormoni li jistgħu jimblukkaw l- azzjoni tal- insulina, u dan iwassal għal żieda fil- livelli tal- glukożju fid- demm.
Il- patofiżjoloġija tad- dijabete tinvolvi wkoll l- iżvilupp ta ' kumplikazzjonijiet, bħal ħsara fil- vini tad- demm, in- nervituri, u l- organi, li jistgħu jwasslu għal problemi serji tas- saħħa bħal mard tal- qalb, puplesija, mard tal- kliewi, u telf tal- vista.
Il-fehim tal-patofizioloġija tad-dijabete huwa kruċjali għall-iżvilupp ta' trattamenti effettivi u strateġiji ta' prevenzjoni għal din il-marda kronika.
Biochemistry and pathophysiology of diabetes. Proceedings of conference on pathophysiology and treatment of diabetes mellitus. 1990. Mol Cell Biochem. 1992, 109 (2): 97-204.
Surampudi PN, John-Kalarickal J, Fonseca VA: Emerging concepts in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mt Sinai J Med. 2009, 76 (3): 216-26.
Johnson D: Selected pathophysiology of diabetes. Semin Perioper Nurs. 1998, 7 (3): 164-78.
Hirsch IB: The changing faces of diabetes. Prim Care. 2003, 30 (3): 499-510.
Guthrie RA, Guthrie DW: Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Crit Care Nurs Q. , 27 (2): 113-25.
Felig P: Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Med Clin North Am. 1971, 55 (4): 821-34.
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What is pathophysiology of diabetes?
Pathophysiology of diabetes refers to the study of the disordered physiological processes that lead to the development of diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels that result from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
The pathophysiology of diabetes involves the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors that contribute to the development of the disease.
In type 1 diabetes, the pathophysiology involves an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to a deficiency in insulin production.
This results in an inability to regulate blood glucose levels, leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).
In type 2 diabetes, the pathophysiology is more complex and involves both insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.
Insulin resistance occurs when the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, leading to an inability to effectively use glucose for energy.
This causes the pancreas to produce more insulin to try to overcome the resistance, but over time, the pancreas may not be able to keep up with the demand, leading to a decrease in insulin production.
Gestational diabetes, which occurs during pregnancy, is caused by hormonal changes that lead to insulin resistance.
The placenta produces hormones that can block the action of insulin, leading to an increase in blood glucose levels.
The pathophysiology of diabetes also involves the development of complications, such as damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs, which can lead to serious health problems like heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and vision loss.
Understanding the pathophysiology of diabetes is crucial for developing effective treatments and prevention strategies for this chronic disease.
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