What causes Breast cancer?

['Whakarongo ki tēnei whārangi']

He aha te take o te mate pukupuku uma?

Kāore he take kotahi o te mate pukupuku uma, engari he maha ngā take ka whakapiki i te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i te mate.

Ko ētahi o ēnei āhuatanga ko:

1. Te pakeke: Ka nui ake te mōrea o te mate pukupuku uma ina kaumātua te wahine.

2. Tuhinga o mua: He nui ake te mōrea o te wahine ki te mate pukupuku uma mēnā he whanaunga tata tōna (whaea, tuahine, tamahine rānei) kua pāngia e te mate pukupuku uma.

3. Ngā irakati iranga: Ko ētahi irakati iranga tuku iho, pēnei i te BRCA1 me te BRCA2, ka whakapiki i te mōrea o te mate pukupuku uma.

4. Te hītori whakaputa uri: Ko te tīmatanga wawe o te paheketanga, te mutunga o te menopause, me te kore tamariki, te whanau tamariki tuatahi ranei i muri i te 30 tau ka nui ake te mate pukupuku o te uma.

5. Te rongoā whakakapi Hormone: Ko nga wahine e tango ana i te rongoā whakakapi hormone mo te menopause he nui ake te mate o te mate pukupuku.

6. Te inu waipiro: Ko te inu waipiro ka whakapiki i te mate pukupuku o te uma.

7. Te mōmona: Ko te taumaha rawa, te mōmona rānei, ka nui ake te mōrea o te mate pukupuku uma.

8. Te korikori tinana: Ko te noho nohopuku ka nui ake te mate pukupuku o te uma.

9. Te pānga ki te hihi: Ko te pānga ki te nui o te hihi, i te wā o te tamarikitanga, ka nui ake te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku uma.

10. Te nui o te u: Ko nga wahine e nui ana te u, he nui ake te mate pukupuku o te u.

11. Tuhinga o mua: Ko nga wahine i timata wawe te menstruation, i te mutunga ranei o te menopause, he iti ake te mate o te mate pukupuku.

12. Te whāngai u: Ko nga wahine kaore ano kia whāngai u he nui ake te mate pukupuku o te u.

13. Te aukati whanau: Ko nga wahine e whakamahi ana i nga rongoa aukati waha he nui ake te mate o te mate pukupuku uma.

He mea nui kia mōhio ko te whai i tētahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei āhuatanga mōrearea, kāore i te tikanga ka tino pāngia te wahine ki te mate pukupuku uma, ā, he maha ngā wāhine e pāngia ana e te mate pukupuku uma, kāore he āhuatanga mōrearea e mōhiotia ana.

I tua atu, kāore e taea te whakarerekē i ētahi āhuatanga mōrearea, pēnei i te pakeke me te hītori whānau, i te mea ka taea te whakarerekē i ētahi atu, pēnei i ngā āhuatanga o te āhua noho, hei whakaiti i te mōrearea.

['Ngā tohutoro']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Yoneda T: Cellular and molecular basis of preferential metastasis of breast cancer to bone. J Orthop Sci. 2000, 5 (1): 75-81.

Demirci S, Eser E, Ozsaran Z, Tankisi D, Aras AB, Ozaydemir G, Anacak Y: Validation of the Turkish versions of EORTC QLQ-C30 and BR23 modules in breast cancer patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011, 12 (5): 1283-7.

Kluttig A, Schmidt-Pokrzywniak A: Established and Suspected Risk Factors in Breast Cancer Aetiology. Breast Care (Basel). , 4 (2): 82-87.

Tabar L, Duffy SW, Yen MF, Warwick J, Vitak B, Chen HH, Smith RA: All-cause mortality among breast cancer patients in a screening trial: support for breast cancer mortality as an end point. J Med Screen. 2002, 9 (4): 159-62.

Gonzalez P, Lim JW, Wang-Letzkus M, Flores KF, Allen KM, Castañeda SF, Talavera GA: Breast Cancer Cause Beliefs: Chinese, Korean, and Mexican American Breast Cancer Survivors. West J Nurs Res. 2015, 37 (8): 1081-99.

['Whakakahoretanga: hauora']

['Ko tenei paetukutuku e whakaratohia ana mo nga kaupapa ako me nga korero anake, kaore hoki e whakarato i nga tohutohu hauora, i nga ratonga ngaio ranei.']

['Kaua e whakamahia ngā mōhiohio e whakaratohia ana hei tātaritanga, hei whakaora rānei i tētahi raruraru hauora, mate rānei, ā, ko te hunga e rapu ana i te tohutohu hauora whaiaro me kōrero ki tētahi tākuta whai raihana.']

['Kia mōhio mai koe ko te whatunga pūtau e whakaputa ana i ngā whakautu ki ngā pātai, he tino hē ina tae mai ki te ihirangi tau. Hei tauira, ko te tokomaha o ngā tāngata kua tohua he mate tauwhāiti.']

['Me rapu tonu i te tohutohu a tō tākuta, i tētahi atu kaiwhakarato hauora whai tohu rānei e pā ana ki tētahi mate hauora. Kaua rawa e whakahawea ki te tohutohu hauora ngaio, te whakaroa rānei ki te rapu i te mea nā tētahi mea i pānuihia e koe i tēnei paetukutuku. Ki te whakaaro koe he mate hauora ohorere pea koe, waea atu ki te 911 ka haere ki te rūma ohorere tata tonu. Kāore he hononga tākuta-tūroro i hangaia e tēnei paetukutuku, i tōna whakamahinga rānei. Kāore a BioMedLib, ōna kaimahi rānei, tētahi kaitohutohu rānei ki tēnei paetukutuku, e whakaatu ana, e tohu ana rānei, e pā ana ki ngā mōhiohio e whakaratohia ana i konei, ki tōna whakamahinga rānei.']

['Whakakahoretanga: mana pupuri']

['Ko te Ture Mana pupuri Mamati Mamati o te tau 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (te DMCA) e whakarato ana i te whakahoki mo nga rangatira mana pupuri e whakapono ana ko nga rauemi e puta ana i runga i te Ipurangi e takahi ana i o raatau mana i raro i te ture mana pupuri a US. ']

['Mēnā e whakapono pono ana koe e takahi ana tētahi ihirangi, rauemi rānei e wātea ana i runga i tō mātou paetukutuku, ratonga rānei i tō mana pupuri, ka taea e koe (tō māngai rānei) te tuku pānui ki a mātou e tono ana kia tangohia te ihirangi, rauemi rānei, kia āraia rānei te uru atu ki a ia. ']

["Me tuku ngā whakamōhiotanga ā-tuhi mā te īmēra (tirohia te wāhanga 'Whakapā' mō te wāhitau īmēra). "]

['E hiahiatia ana e te DMCA kia whakaurua ki tō whakamōhiotanga mō te whakawātea mana pupuri i ngā mōhiohio e whai ake nei: (1) whakaahuatanga o te mahi mana pupuri e pā ana ki te whakawātea e whakapaetia ana; (2) whakaahuatanga o te ihirangi e whakapaetia ana e takahi ana me ngā mōhiohio e tika ana kia taea ai e mātou te kimi i te ihirangi; (3) mōhiohio whakapā mōu, tae atu ki tō wāhitau, tau waea me tō wāhitau īmēra; (4) he tauākī nāu e whakapono pono ana koe kāore te ihirangi i te āhua e amuamutia ana i whakamanahia e te kaipupuri mana pupuri, e tana māngai rānei, e te whakahaerenga rānei o tētahi ture; ']

['(5) he tauākī nāu i haina, i raro i te whiu o te whakapae teka, e tika ana ngā mōhiohio i roto i te whakamōhiotanga, ā, kei a koe te mana ki te whakatinana i ngā mana pupuri e kīia ana kua takahia;']

['me te (6) he waitohu ā-tinana, ā-rorohiko rānei a te kaipupuri mana pupuri, a tētahi tangata rānei kua whakamanahia ki te mahi mō te kaipupuri mana pupuri. ']

['Ki te kore e whakaurua ngā mōhiohio katoa i runga ake nei, ka whakaroa pea te tukatuka o tō amuamu.']

['Whakapā']

['Tena koa tukuna mai he imeera ki a maatau me tetahi patai / whakaaro.']

What causes breast cancer?

There is no single cause of breast cancer, but several factors can increase the risk of developing the disease.

Some of these factors include:

1. Age: The risk of breast cancer increases as a woman gets older.

2. Family history: A woman's risk of breast cancer is higher if she has a close relative (mother, sister, or daughter) who has had breast cancer.

3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of breast cancer.

4. Reproductive history: Early menstruation, late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk of breast cancer.

5. Hormone replacement therapy: Women who take hormone replacement therapy for menopause have a higher risk of breast cancer.

6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.

7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of breast cancer.

8. Physical inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of breast cancer.

9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk of breast cancer.

10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of breast cancer.

11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early or went through menopause late have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

13. Birth control: Women who use oral contraceptives have a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not mean that a woman will definitely develop breast cancer, and many women who develop breast cancer have no known risk factors.

Additionally, some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, while others, such as lifestyle factors, can be modified to reduce the risk.

Disclaimer: medical

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